Abstract: The embodiments herein provide methods to analyze the in vitro stability of recalcitrant or membrane-bound proteins in simulated gastric fluid (SGF) comprising the proteolytic enzyme, pepsin, and in combination with a novel pepsin-trypsin assay employing state-of-the-art mass spectrometric approaches, such as LC-MS/MS, to monitor the precise degradation products. The extent of protein digestion can be evaluated by the appearance of peptic products and the disappearance of tryptic peptide products (as a proxy for intact protein). The embodiments herein also provide methods for protein quantitation using high-sensitivity LC-MRM-MS quantification. The methods embodied herein are particularly useful in charactering proteins produced in transgenic plants, such as canola genetically engineered to produce long chain omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids.

Abstract: Provided is an accurate, minimally invasive method for diagnosing dementia or mild cognitive impairment. The method for examining the likelihood of mild cognitive impairment or dementia, or the risk of dementia includes the steps of: measuring the amount of stereoisomers of proline in the biological sample collected from a subject; and comparing the level of D-proline with a reference value.

Abstract: An analysis method incudes: preparing a sample containing microorganisms; placing the microorganisms under a first condition and then performing a first mass spectrometry on a substance produced by the microorganisms; and obtaining information on characteristics or classifications of the microorganisms contained in the sample on a basis of a difference between a first data obtained in the first mass spectrometry and a second data obtained when a second mass spectrometry is performed on a substance produced by the microorganisms after having been placed under a second condition as well as a reference data in which classifications or characteristics of the microorganisms are associated with the data obtained in the mass spectrometry of the microorganisms, in which the first condition and the second condition differ in a sugar concentration or an oxygen concentration in an environment in which the microorganisms are placed.

Abstract: A method for full Os isotope static measurement by NTIMS includes steps of: selecting and weighing rock samples, and dissolving the rock samples to obtain dissolution liquid; chemically separating Os from the dissolution liquid to obtain purified Os solution; loading the purified Os solution on a Pt filament to obtain a sample to be determined; selecting Faraday cups and ion counters, as well as 1012? and 1013? amplifiers in NTIMS based on natural abundances of different Os isotopes, thereby establishing a cup configuration for the full Os isotope static measurement; establishing a yield calibration method for ICs; performing full Os isotopes static measurement based on the yield-calibrated ion counters and gain-calibrated faraday cups; and processing analytical data to obtain a final data of Os isotopic composition. The method enables the determination of the full Os isotope and oxygen isotope compositions of low-content or small-size samples.

Abstract: Embodiments described herein generally relate to technologies for analyzing peptide structures for diagnosing and/or treating a disease state advancing through a disease progression. A non-limiting example of a method relating to the technologies described in the subject application may include receiving peptide structure data corresponding to the biological sample obtained from the subject, identifying a peptide structure profile, and diagnosing a disease state within a disease progression. The example may further include generating a diagnosis output relating to the disease state. In at least some cases, the peptide structure profile may include glycosylated peptides, aglycosylated peptides, or both.

Abstract: Compositions, methods, and systems for analyzing the protein corona are described herein, as well as its application in the discovery of advanced diagnostic tools as well as therapeutic targets.

Abstract: A detection chip, a using method for the same, and a reaction system. The detection chip includes a first substrate, a micro-cavity defining layer, and a heating electrode. The micro-cavity defining layer is on the first substrate and defines a plurality of micro-reaction chambers. The heating electrode is on the first substrate and is closer to the first substrate than the micro-cavity defining layer, and is configured to heat a plurality of micro-reaction chambers. The orthographic projection of the plurality of micro-reaction chambers on the first substrate is within the orthographic projection of the heating electrode on the first substrate.

Abstract: This disclosure relates to the identification of interactions between ligands and in-membrane proteins using nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Also provided are methods for high-throughput identification of in-membrane ligand-membrane protein interactions.

Abstract: This disclosure provides for devices, methods, and systems for generating a plurality of droplets within a collecting container at an extremely high rate (e.g., of at least 1 million droplets per minute, etc.), each of the plurality of droplets comprising an aqueous mixture for a digital analysis, wherein upon generation, the plurality of droplets is stabilized in position within a region of the collecting container. The inventions enable partitioning of samples for digital analyses at unprecedented rates, where readout of signals from targets within such partitions can still be achieved in accordance with various assays.

Abstract: This disclosure provides for devices, methods, and systems for generating a plurality of droplets within a collecting container at an extremely high rate (e.g., of at least 1 million droplets per minute, etc.), each of the plurality of droplets comprising an aqueous mixture for a digital analysis, wherein upon generation, the plurality of droplets is stabilized in position within a region of the collecting container. The inventions enable partitioning of samples for digital analyses at unprecedented rates, where readout of signals from targets within such partitions can still be achieved in accordance with various assays.

Abstract: Methods and system for characterizing a protein using a chromatographic system having a protein A chromatography resin and electrospray ionization mass spectrometer run under native conditions are provided.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides Forster resonance energy transfer (FRET)-based probes for detecting copper, e.g., for detecting Cu(I) in live cells. The present disclosure provides methods for detecting copper, e.g., for detecting Cu(I) in live cells, using a FRET-based probe of the present disclosure.

Abstract: The field of this invention relates to immunohistochemistry (IHC) and in situ hybridization (ISH) for the targeted detection and mapping of biomolecules (e.g., proteins and miRNAs) in tissues or cells for example, for research use and for clinical use such by pathologists (e.g., biomarker analyses of a resected tumor or tumor biopsy). In particular, the use of mass spectrometric imaging (MSI) as a mode to detect and map the biomolecules in tissues or cells for example. More specifically, the field of this invention relates to photocleavable mass-tag reagents which are attached to probes such as antibodies and nucleic acids and used to achieve multiplex immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridization, with MSI as the mode of detection/readout. Probe types other than antibodies and nucleic acids are also covered in the field of invention, including but not limited to carbohydrate-binding proteins (e.g., lectins), receptors and ligands.

Abstract: A system for solventless calibration of volatile or semi-volatile compounds and methods thereof. The system includes a fluid path having a first end configured to be operably coupled to a fluid source and a second end configured to be operably coupled to the analytical instrument. A solid sorbent is disposed along the fluid path and is configured to absorb an analyte. The flow of fluid along the fluid path from the first end to the second end causes absorbed analyte to be desorbed from the solid sorbent at a desired concentration to the instrument.

Abstract: A method is disclosed of predicting cancer patient response to immune checkpoint inhibitors, e.g., an antibody drug blocking ligand activation of programmed cell death 1 (PD-1) or CTLA4. The method includes obtaining mass spectrometry data from a blood-based sample of the patient, obtaining integrated intensity values in the mass spectrometry data of a multitude of pre-determined mass-spectral features; and operating on the mass spectral data with a programmed computer implementing a classifier. The classifier compares the integrated intensity values with feature values of a training set of class-labeled mass spectral data obtained from a multitude of melanoma patients with a classification algorithm and generates a class label for the sample. A class label “early” or the equivalent predicts the patient is likely to obtain relatively less benefit from the antibody drug and the class label “late” or the equivalent indicates the patient is likely to obtain relatively greater benefit from the antibody drug.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a system comprising a communication interface and computer for assigning a label to the biomolecule fingerprint, wherein the label corresponds to a biological state. The present disclosure also provides a sensor arrays for detecting biomolecules and methods of use. In some embodiments, the sensor arrays are capable of determining a disease state in a subject.

Abstract: Compositions, methods, and systems for analyzing the protein corona are described herein, as well as its application in the discovery of advanced diagnostic tools as well as therapeutic targets.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method to evaluate mass spectrometry data for the analysis of peptides from biological samples, particularly MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry data, comprising the steps of: providing expected mass defects; determining measured mass defects, i.e. the mass defects resulting from the mass spectrometry data; and comparing the measured mass defects with the expected mass defects.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides methods and compositions for the determining the abundance and/or concentration of protein biomarkers in a biological sample.

Abstract: A method for analyzing a microorganism including an identification step for determining which of Abony and Pakistan which are two serotypes of Salmonella bacteria is contained in a sample which contains either Abony or Pakistan, based on the presence or absence of a peak (or peaks) at a predetermined mass-to-charge ratio (or ratios) in a mass spectrum obtained by a mass spectrometric analysis of the sample, or a method for analyzing a microorganism including an identification step for determining which of Minnesota, Infantis and Brandenburg which are three serotypes of Salmonella bacteria is contained in a sample which contains Minnesota, Infantis or Brandenburg, based on the presence or absence of a peak (or peaks) at a predetermined mass-to-charge ratio (or ratios) in a mass spectrum obtained by a mass spectrometric analysis of the sample, or a method for analyzing a microorganism including an identification step for determining which of Schwarzengrund and Montevideo which are two serotypes of Salmonella ba