Abstract: A method, apparatus, and computer program, for fabricating multiple arrays arranged successively in a first direction on a substrate and each having multiple feature sets arranged successively in the first direction within the array. The method uses a head system having multiple successive sets of dispensers. In the method, the head system is advanced in the first direction over the substrate while dispensing drop sets for each array from dispenser sets so as to form the arrays. In one aspect, drop sets are dispensed in an order the reverse of that from which the dispenser sets pass over a given location on the substrate as the head system advances in the first direction. In this case, each dispenser set deposits a drop set at a distance ahead of a drop set deposited by a preceding dispenser set which is less than the distance to the successive drop dispenser set which deposits the next drop set.

Abstract: A computer system for analyzing nucleic acid sequences is provided. The computer system is used to perform multiple methods for determining unknown bases by analyzing the fluorescence intensities of hybridized nucleic acid probes. The results of individual experiments may be improved by processing nucleic acid sequences together. Comparative analysis of multiple experiments is also provided by displaying reference sequences in one area and sample sequences in another area on a display device.

Abstract: Disclosed are methods for analyzing reactions involving nucleic acids. The invention utilizes nucleic acids immobilized on a defined substrate in such a manner that the nucleic acid can participate in enzymatic and chemical reactions. These reactions are carried out in the presence of labeled reagents, thereby enabling the progress of the reactions to be analyzed using various techniques, such a fluorescent microscopy. The invention is particularly well suited for investigating transcription phenomena and generating genome-wide maps based upon reactions of individual nucleic acid molecules.

Abstract: This invention relates generally to nucleic acid hybridization analysis. More specifically, a method for detecting a point mutation in a DNA strand is provided, which method uses, inter alia, a test nucleic acid strand complementary to a target DNA strand, said nucleic acid strand comprises a sufficient number of ribonucleotide residues that span the position of said point mutation to be detected to form a target DNA strand/test nucleic acid strand duplex and RNase H cleavage of said target DNA strand/test nucleic acid strand duplex. Kits and arrays for detecting a point mutation in a DNA strand comprising test nucleic acid strand comprising a sufficient number of ribonucleotide residues that span the position of said point mutation to be detected are also provided.

Abstract: A method of fabricating a biopolymer array, and an apparatus which can execute the method, droplets of fluid carrying the biopolymer or a biomonomer are deposited onto a front side of a transparent substrate. Light is directed through the substrate from the front side, back through a substrate back side and a first set of deposited droplets on the first side to an image sensor. The substrate may be mounted by means of a chuck with parallel channels, and a scanning operation of a droplet dispensing head, light source, and sensor conducted in unison in the direction of the channels.

Abstract: A segmentation method of a frame of image information including a plurality of spaced DNA spot images corresponding to a plurality of DNA spots. The image information includes image intensity level information corresponding to said DNA spots. The frame is stored in a memory device and a set of image information within said frame including a selected set of the DNA spot images is selected. A grid including a plurality of spaced grid points corresponding to said selected DNA spot images is generated, such that each grid point includes position information indicating the position of the grid point within said frame.

Abstract: The present invention relates to novel human secreted proteins and isolated nucleic acids containing the coding regions of the genes encoding such proteins. Also provided are vectors, host cells, antibodies, and recombinant methods for producing human secreted proteins. The invention further relates to diagnostic and therapeutic methods useful for diagnosing and treating disorders related to these novel human secreted proteins.

Abstract: Described herein are methods that can be used for diagnosis and prognosis of breast and/or colorectal cancer. Also described herein are methods that can be used to screen candidate bioactive agents for the ability to modulate breast and/or colorectal cancer. Additionally, methods and molecular targets (genes and their products) for therapeutic intervention in breast and/or colorectal cancer are described.

Abstract: Pharmacophore models of VLA-4 inhibitors, methods of identifying novel inhibitors and novel inhibitors identified by these methods.

Abstract: The present invention provides relational database systems for storing biomolecular sequence information together with biological annotations detailing the source of the sequence information, and associated reagent information. The acquisition, storage and access of reagent information associated with databased biomolecular sequence information is a particular advantage of the present invention. Such reagent information identifies genetic information and materials which may be made available to a user of the relational database system of the present invention for further application in research, therapeutic pharmaceutical development or other fields. The reagent information aspect of the present invention is preferably used in conjunction with a biomolecular sequence relational database system.

Abstract: The sequences of cDNAs encoding secreted proteins are disclosed. The cDNAs can be used to express secreted proteins or fragments thereof or to obtain antibodies capable of specifically binding to the secreted proteins. The cDNAs may also be used in diagnostic, forensic, gene therapy, and chromosome mapping procedures. The cDNAs may also be used to design expression vectors and secretion vectors.

Abstract: The invention provides genetic suppressor elements that confer upon a cell resistance to platinum-based drugs, including cisplatin, methods for identifying and obtaining such elements, and methods of using such elements. The invention also provides cloned genes associated with sensitivity to cisplatin.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are arrays of nucleic acid-protein fusions which are immobilized to a solid surface through capture probes which include a non-nucleosidic spacer group and an oligonucleotide sequence to which the fusion (such as an RNA-protein fusion) is bound. Also disclosed herein are solid supports on which these arrays are immobilized as well as methods for their preparation and use (for example, for screening for protein-compound interactions such as protein-therapeutic compound interactions).

Abstract: The apparatus and method of the present invention disclose a system in which multiple injections may be made into a capillary array. The injections are spaced in time with each injection followed by an interval of electrophoresis. Once all samples are loaded into the capillaries, continuous electrophoresis and detection is used to separate and detect target compounds within the sample. The interval between injections is matched to the target compound migration rate to be sufficient to allow the target compounds to be detectably separated when the compounds reach the detector.

Abstract: The present invention is drawn to A method of managing HIV chemotherapy of patients who are HIV positive, which comprises transfecting a cell line susceptible to infection by HIV with a sequence from the pol gene of HIV, which sequence encodes a desired target enzyme, obtained by isolating viral RNA from a sample of a biological material from a patient and reverse transcribing the desired region of said pol gene, and a HIV-DNA construct from which said sequence has been deleted, culturing said transfected cells so as to create a stock of chimeric viruses providing an indication of the resistance profile of the circulating virus, assessing the phenotypic sensitivity of said chimeric viruses to an inhibitor of said enzyme encoded by the pol gene of HIV and assigning a value thereto, constructing a data set comprising said value for chimeric virus sensitivity and the corresponding value for a chimeric wild-type strain of HIV, repeating the sensitivity assessment for at least two further inhibitors and thereby co

Abstract: The invention discloses a collection of polymorphic sites in genes know or suspected to have a role in hypertension. The invention provides nucleic acids including such polymorphic sites. The nucleic acids can be used as probes or primers or for expressing variant proteins. The invention also provide methods of analyzing the polymorphic forms occupying the polymorphic sites.

Abstract: This invention relates to apparatus and methods for detecting single base extension to an oligonucleotide array using electrochemical labels.

Abstract: Compositions and methods for the therapy and diagnosis of cancer, such as breast cancer, are disclosed. Compositions may comprise one or more breast tumor proteins, immunogenic portions thereof, or polynucleotides that encode such portions. Alternatively, a therapeutic composition may comprise an antigen presenting cell that expresses a breast tumor protein, or a T cell that is specific for cells expressing such a protein. Such compositions may be used, for example, for the prevention and treatment of diseases such as breast cancer. Diagnostic methods based on detecting a breast tumor protein, or mRNA encoding such a protein, in a sample are also provided.

Abstract: There are beforehand prepared a monomer having a reaction residue and a polynucleotide probe set comprising plural kinds of polynucleotide probes having a residue bonded to the reaction residue. The monomer is mixed with each kind of polynucleotide probes comprising any plural probes selected from the polynucleotide probe set. Each kind of the resultant mixtures is added to each of different small holes to make the mixture into gel matrix. Thus, a polynucleotide probe chip is produced. Sample DNA is forcibly migrated in the gels by electrophoresis. Laser light is projected onto the side face of the chip. The fluorescence emitted from the whole surface of the chip is collectively detected with a high-sensitive two-dimensional detector. Thus, the polynucleotide probe chip, holding various kinds of DNA probes, for detecting DNA can be provided. This chip has high hybridization-efficiency and makes high-sensitivity and high-speed DNA detection possible.

Abstract: Specific BRCA1 mutations, PCR primers and hybridization probes are used in nucleic acid-based methods for diagnostic of inheritable breast cancer susceptibility. Additionally, binding agents, such as antibodies, specific for peptides encoded by the subject BRCA1 mutants are used to identify expression products of diagnostic mutations/rare alleles in patient derived fluid or tissue samples. Compositions with high binding affinity for transcription or translation products of the disclosed BRCA1 mutations and alleles are used in therapeutic intervention. Such products include anti-sense nucleic acids, peptides encoded by the subject nucleic acids, and binding agents such as antibodies, specific for such peptides.