Abstract: Provided is a vinyl alcohol polymer having good fluid loss reducing performance. The vinyl alcohol polymer is a saponified product of a copolymer of a vinyl ester monomer and a multifunctional monomer, and has a degree of saponification of 70 to 95 mol % and a viscosity-average degree of polymerization of 1000 to 10000.

Abstract: An information processing system includes: one or more memories that store, for each one of one or more users, a card identifier (ID) assigned to the user and character string information that is to be used for changing authority of the user to use one or more functions of the image processing apparatus, in association with each other; and one or more processors to: acquire a card ID via a network; acquire character string information via the network; authenticate the acquired card ID when the acquired card ID matches one of the card IDs stored in the one or more memories; and when the acquired character string information matches character string information that is associated with the authenticated card ID, grant authority to use one or more functions of the image processing apparatus to the user to whom the authenticated card ID is assigned, to cause the image processing apparatus to control starting of software that implements the one or more functions in accordance with the granted authority.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine includes: a cylinder having a combustion chamber formed at an upper side thereof and accommodating a piston to be reciprocally movable; a crankcase provided below the cylinder and accommodates a crankshaft; and a blow-by gas passageway recirculating blow-by gas, which leaks into the crankcase from the combustion chamber, to the combustion chamber through an intake system, in which an inner surface portion of the crankcase is provided with a blow-by gas intake part, and the blow-by gas intake part includes a protruding portion protruding in a direction in which the crankshaft extends, and the intake port opened in the protruding direction is formed at a tip end portion of the protruding portion.

Abstract: An information processing system includes: one or more memories that store, for each one of one or more users, a card identifier (ID) assigned to the user and character string information that is to be used for changing authority of the user to use one or more functions of the image processing apparatus, in association with each other; and one or more processors to: acquire a card ID via a network; acquire character string information via the network; authenticate the acquired card ID when the acquired card ID matches one of the card IDs stored in the one or more memories; and when the acquired character string information matches character string information that is associated with the authenticated card ID, grant authority to use one or more functions of the image processing apparatus to the user to whom the authenticated card ID is assigned, to cause the image processing apparatus to control starting of software that implements the one or more functions in accordance with the granted authority.

Abstract: An image processing unit includes a first memory unit configured to store a first setup value which is set for each of groups including a user and indicates an upper limit of a usage amount, within which the user included in each group can use a function; a second memory unit configured to store a second setup value which is set for each user and indicates the usage amount enabling each user to use the function in addition to the first setup value; a third memory unit configured to store a current value which indicates the usage amount of the function used by each user; and a determination unit configured to determine whether the current value exceeds a predetermined first threshold determined using the first setup value set for the group and the second setup value set for each user.

Abstract: An information processing apparatus that manages card-related information relating to a card used by a user for authentication, includes a memory configured to store a plurality of instructions, which when executed by one or more processors, cause the one or more processors to acquire identification information of the card. The one or more processors are further caused to store, in a memory, the identification information of the card and a request date and time in association with each other in response to acquiring an authentication request using the card. The one or more processors are further caused to, when a predetermined time period or more has passed from the request date and time at a predetermined timing, delete the card-related information associated with the identification information of the card corresponding to the request date and time from which the predetermined time period or more has passed.

Abstract: A usage record compiling system including an image forming apparatus is provided. The usage record compiling system includes a first processor configured to perform authentication for enabling a user to use the image forming apparatus and transmit history information relating to usage of the image forming apparatus by the user during a period in which the authentication is valid, a second processor configured to receive the history information from the first processor and calculate a usage record value based on the received history information, store the calculated usage record value in a first storage unit, update the calculated usage record value stored in the first storage unit, and store update information indicating that the calculated usage record value has been updated in a second storage unit.

Abstract: An oil separator includes: a collecting member that collects an oil mist included in blow-by gas of an internal combustion engine; and an oil separator portion inside which the collecting member is disposed, in which the collecting member includes a plurality of wire net members stacked along a flow direction of the blow-by gas.

Abstract: The present invention provides a therapeutic and/or prophylactic medicament for FGFR3 diseases, the medicament comprising a HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor as an active ingredient; a method for treating and/or preventing FGFR3 diseases, the method comprising administering a HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor; use of a HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor in the production of a therapeutic and/or prophylactic medicament for FGFR3 diseases; and a method for screening for a therapeutic and/or prophylactic drug for FGFR3 diseases.

Abstract: An exhaust device for a saddle-type vehicle having a pipe section with respect to a vehicle body and housing a catalyzer therein, and a muffler connected to a rear end of the pipe section includes an upstream oxygen sensor positioned upstream of the catalyzer and a downstream oxygen sensor positioned downstream of the catalyzer. The downstream oxygen sensor is disposed in either a position overlapping a main stand for supporting a motorcycle as viewed from below the vehicle body when the main stand is stored, or a position overlapping a stand receiver for abutting against the main stand as viewed from below the vehicle body when the main stand is stored. The pipe section includes a larger-diameter portion having an increased diameter for housing the catalyzer therein.

Abstract: A usage record compiling system including an image forming apparatus is provided. The usage record compiling system includes a first processor configured to perform authentication for enabling a user to use the image forming apparatus and transmit history information relating to usage of the image forming apparatus by the user during a period in which the authentication is valid, a second processor configured to receive the history information from the first processor and calculate a usage record value based on the received history information, store the calculated usage record value in a first storage unit, update the calculated usage record value stored in the first storage unit, and store update information indicating that the calculated usage record value has been updated in a second storage unit.

Abstract: In a saddle-ride type vehicle in which a cylinder includes a cylinder head and a cylinder head cover that covers an upper portion of the cylinder head, a vehicle body frame includes a head cover adjoining portion that adjoins the cylinder head cover. At least a part of the cylinder head cover overlaps the head cover adjoining portion as viewed from a direction along a cylinder axis that is a center axis of the cylinder. The head cover adjoining portion extends rearward such that the cylinder head cover is exposed outside in a side view. The foregoing configuration seeks to affect the ease of mounting and dismounting a saddle-ride vehicle having a power unit with a cylinder arranged upward and the vehicle body frame for supporting the power unit by reducing the left-right width of a vehicle body frame while allowing a cylinder head cover to be attachable and detachable.

Abstract: The present invention provides a therapeutic and/or prophylactic medicament for FGFR3 diseases, the medicament comprising a HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor as an active ingredient; a method for treating and/or preventing FGFR3 diseases, the method comprising administering a HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor; use of a HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor in the production of a therapeutic and/or prophylactic medicament for FGFR3 diseases; and a method for screening for a therapeutic and/or prophylactic drug for FGFR3 diseases.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine includes: a cylinder having a combustion chamber formed at an upper side thereof and accommodating a piston to be reciprocally movable; a crankcase provided below the cylinder and accommodates a crankshaft; and a blow-by gas passageway recirculating blow-by gas, which leaks into the crankcase from the combustion chamber, to the combustion chamber through an intake system, in which an inner surface portion of the crankcase is provided with a blow-by gas intake part, and the blow-by gas intake part includes a protruding portion protruding in a direction in which the crankshaft extends, and the intake port opened in the protruding direction is formed at a tip end portion of the protruding portion.

Abstract: An exhaust device for a saddle-type vehicle having a pipe section with respect to a vehicle body and housing a catalyzer therein, and a muffler connected to a rear end of the pipe section includes an upstream oxygen sensor positioned upstream of the catalyzer and a downstream oxygen sensor positioned downstream of the catalyzer. The downstream oxygen sensor is disposed in either a position overlapping a main stand for supporting a motorcycle as viewed from below the vehicle body when the main stand is stored, or a position overlapping a stand receiver for abutting against the main stand as viewed from below the vehicle body when the main stand is stored. The pipe section includes a larger-diameter portion having an increased diameter for housing the catalyzer therein.

Abstract: An exhaust device for a saddle-type vehicle having a pipe section with respect to a vehicle body and housing a catalyzer therein, and a muffler connected to a rear end of the pipe section includes an upstream oxygen sensor disposed on the pipe section and positioned upstream of the catalyzer and a downstream oxygen sensor disposed on the pipe section and positioned downstream of the catalyzer. The pipe section includes a larger-diameter portion having an increased diameter for housing the catalyzer therein. The downstream oxygen sensor is disposed in the larger-diameter portion. The upstream oxygen sensor and the downstream oxygen sensor are positioned upwardly of a central line of the larger-diameter portion with respect to the vehicle body as viewed in side elevation of the vehicle body.

Abstract: An output apparatus performing communications with a terminal apparatus and an authentication apparatus includes an authentication request unit to transmit an authentication request of a user to the authentication apparatus to acquire, when authentication of the user has succeeded, terminal apparatus information in association with the user, a terminal apparatus information accumulation unit to accumulate the acquired terminal apparatus information, an output data acquisition unit to acquire output data accumulated in the terminal apparatus from the terminal apparatus specified by the acquired terminal apparatus information in association with the user, and an output processor to output the output data.

Abstract: A saddle type vehicle wherein restrictions in the weight and the layout are reduced for slimmer and lighter vehicle. Pivot plates are provided as separate bodies from seat rails. An upper end of a shock absorber is received by a cross member located between left and right seat rails. The cross member is a separate body from the seat rails. Both ends of the cross member are supported by recesses provided in the left and right seat rails at inner sides of the seat rails so as to face each other. The cross member is fastened to the seat rails by cross member fastening members. The seat rail is attached to a main frame at its one front-side end and to the pivot plate at its other front-side end. The main frame and the seat rail are fastened to each other in the vertical direction by a first fastening member.

Abstract: A saddle type vehicle to improve the workability in fastening a frame and an engine together and thereby to enhance productivity. The saddle type vehicle includes a head pipe, a main frame extending rearwardly from the head pipe, and a seat rail located rearwardly of the main frame for supporting a seat. The main frame is fastened to the engine by fastening members being directed from an outer side toward an inner side in the vehicle widthwise direction. A knock pin is provided between the main frame and the engine, in a position in the vicinity of at least one of the fastening members.

Abstract: A resonator structure of a saddle-ride vehicle includes a head box that includes a head pipe defining a handlebar steering axis and that forms an intake passage through which air is guided from a front of the vehicle into an inside of the vehicle when the vehicle is traveling, an air cleaner box that is connected to the head box and allows the air guided through the intake passage to be taken into a power unit of the vehicle, and a resonator that forms a resonator chamber configured to reduce an air intake noise. The resonator chamber is formed continuous to the intake passage inside the head box.