Abstract: According to one embodiment, there is provided a memory card including a first surface, a second surface, and 1st to Nth terminal groups. The first surface includes first to Nth rows, where N is an integer of two or greater. The second surface faces the opposite side from the first surface. The 1st to Nth terminal groups are placed in the first to Nth rows. The 1st terminal group includes terminals to which differential clock signals are assigned, terminals to which single-ended signals are assigned, and a terminal to which a first power supply voltage is assigned. Kth terminal group, where K is an integer no smaller than two and no greater than N, includes terminals to which differential data signals are assigned.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, an interface system includes a receiver, a first clock generator, a second clock generator, and a sampling circuit. The receiver is configured to receive a first clock and serial data from a host. The first clock generator includes a first voltage controlled oscillator (VCO) and is configured to generate a second clock on the basis of the first clock. The second clock generator includes a second voltage controlled oscillator (VCO) and is configured to generate a third clock on the basis of the serial data. The sampling circuit is configured to sample reception data on the basis of the third clock and the serial data.

Abstract: A ceramic scintillator array of an embodiment includes: a plurality of scintillator segments each composed of a sintered compact of a rare earth oxysulfide phosphor; and a reflective layer interposed between the scintillator segments adjacent to each other. The reflective layer contains a transparent resin and reflective particles dispersed in the transparent resin. The reflective particles contain titanium oxide and at least one inorganic substance selected from the group consisting of alumina, zirconia, and silica. A glass transition point of the transparent resin is 50° C. or higher, and a thermal expansion coefficient of the transparent resin at a temperature higher than the glass transition point is 3.5×10?5/° C. or less.

Abstract: To suppress a decrease in optical output of a scintillator. A scintillator includes a sintered body of 1 mm3 or less that contains a rare earth oxysulfide. In a composition image obtained by observing a cross-section of the sintered body under a scanning electron microscope, the sum of the number of oxide regions that contain at least one of a rare earth oxide different from the rare earth oxysulfide and an impurity metal oxide and the number of sulfide regions that contain at least one of a rare earth sulfide different from the rare earth oxysulfide and an impurity metal sulfide, which exist in a unit area of 500 ?m×500 ?m, is zero or more and five or less. Each of the oxide regions and the sulfide regions has a major axis of zero or more and 100 ?m or less.

Abstract: A ceramic scintillator array of an embodiment includes: a plurality of scintillator segments each composed of a sintered compact of a rare earth oxysulfide phosphor; and a reflective layer interposed between the scintillator segments adjacent to each other. The reflective layer contains a transparent resin and reflective particles dispersed in the transparent resin. The reflective particles contain titanium oxide and at least one inorganic substance selected from the group consisting of alumina, zirconia, and silica. A glass transition point of the transparent resin is 50° C. or higher, and a thermal expansion coefficient of the transparent resin at a temperature higher than the glass transition point is 3.5×10?5/° C. or less.

Abstract: To suppress a decrease in optical output of a scintillator. A scintillator includes a sintered body of 1 mm3 or less that contains a rare earth oxysulfide. In a composition image obtained by observing a cross-section of the sintered body under a scanning electron microscope, the sum of the number of oxide regions that contain at least one of a rare earth oxide different from the rare earth oxysulfide and an impurity metal oxide and the number of sulfide regions that contain at least one of a rare earth sulfide different from the rare earth oxysulfide and an impurity metal sulfide, which exist in a unit area of 500 ?m×500 ?m, is five or less (including zero). Each of the oxide regions and the sulfide regions has a major axis of 100 ?m or less (including zero).

Abstract: In one embodiment, a scintillator array includes a plurality of scintillator blocks, and a reflective layer part interposed between the adjacent scintillator blocks. The plurality of scintillator blocks are integrated by the reflective layer part. The reflective layer part includes reflective particles dispersed in a transparent resin. The reflective particles include at least one selected from titanium oxide particles and tantalum oxide particles, and have a mean particle diameter of 2 ?m or less. The number of the reflective particles existing per unit area of 5 ?m×5 ?m of the reflective layer part is in a range of 100 or more and 250 or less.

Abstract: The present invention provides a solid scintillator comprising a rare earth oxide sintered body, wherein: an afterglow time, which is the time required for a light output from the solid scintillator to degrease from a maximum value to 1/e of the maximum value, is 200 ns or shorter. The rare earth oxide sintered body preferably has a composition represented by a general formula (1): LnaXbOc:Ce??(1), wherein Ln is one or more elements selected from Y, Gd and Lu; X is one or more elements selected from Si, Al and B; and a, b and c satisfy 1?a?5, 0.9?b?6, and 2.5??c?13, respectively.

Abstract: In one embodiment, a scintillator array includes a plurality of scintillator blocks, and a reflective layer part interposed between the adjacent scintillator blocks. The plurality of scintillator blocks are integrated by the reflective layer part. The reflective layer part includes reflective particles dispersed in a transparent resin. The reflective particles include at least one selected from titanium oxide particles and tantalum oxide particles, and have a mean particle diameter of 2 ?m or less. The number of the reflective particles existing per unit area of 5 ?m×5 ?m of the reflective layer part is in a range of 100 or more and 250 or less.

Abstract: The present invention provides a solid scintillator comprising a rare earth oxide sintered body, wherein: an afterglow time, which is the time required for a light output from the solid scintillator to degrease from a maximum value to 1/e of the maximum value, is 200 ns or shorter. The rare earth oxide sintered body preferably has a composition represented by a general formula (1): LnaXbOc:Ce??(1), wherein Ln is one or more elements selected from Y, Gd and Lu; X is one or more elements selected from Si, Al and B; and a, b and c satisfy 1?a?5, 0.9?b?6, and 2.5??c?13, respectively.

Abstract: In an embodiment, an X-ray detector has a transmissive fluorescence generating portion, and a reflective fluorescence generating portion. The transmissive and reflective fluorescence generating portions have at least one of an intensifying screen having a phosphor layer that contains praseodymium-activated gadolinium oxysulfide phosphor particles in which a ratio of particles having a particle diameter falling in ±30% of a center particle diameter is 45% by volume or more and their filling rate is 60% by volume or more, and an intensifying screen having a phosphor layer that contains europium-activated barium fluorochloride phosphor particles in which a ratio of particles having a particle diameter falling in ±30% of a center particle diameter is 45% by volume or more and their filling rate is 45% by volume or more.

Abstract: In an embodiment, an X-ray detector has a transmissive fluorescence generating portion, and a reflective fluorescence generating portion. The transmissive and reflective fluorescence generating portions have at least one of an intensifying screen having a phosphor layer that contains praseodymium-activated gadolinium oxysulfide phosphor particles in which a ratio of particles having a particle diameter falling in ±30% of a center particle diameter is 45% by volume or more and their filling rate is 60% by volume or more, and an intensifying screen having a phosphor layer that contains europium-activated barium fluorochloride phosphor particles in which a ratio of particles having a particle diameter falling in ±30% of a center particle diameter is 45% by volume or more and their filling rate is 45% by volume or more.

Abstract: An X-ray detector comprising a scintillation layer separated by a partition for each pixel and a photodiode for converting fluorescent light, which is converted by the sciltillation layer, into a signal charge, wherein when an average particle diameter of phosphor particles forming the scintillation layer is Ds and an average particle diameter forming the partition is Dw, Ds>Dw is satisfied.

Abstract: A ceramic scintillator material consists of a sintered body of a rare earth oxysulfide phosphor containing Pr as an activator. The sintered body has a texture where coarse grains of irregular polyhedron and slender fine grains are intermixed. The coarse grains have a shape of for instance a dimension (average value) in the range of 50 to 100 &mgr;m, the fine grains having a shape of which average short axis is in the range of 2 to 5 &mgr;m and average long axis in the range of 5 to 100 &mgr;m. An area ratio of the coarse grains to the fine grains is in the range of 10:90 to 60:40. Such a ceramic scintillator material has, in addition to excellent light output (high sensitivity), mechanical strength capable of coping with downsizing of a detector. Furthermore, non-uniformity in sensitivity that causes artifacts can be decreased.

Abstract: A color radiography system comprises a color light emission sheet having a phosphor layer that contains a phosphor emitting in a plurality of colors to radiation and emits light under irradiation of radiation transmitted through a subject to be inspected, and a color film or a color camera that detects the light emissions of the plurality of colors into the respective colors. In the phosphor layer, a phosphor is used that has a primary emission component corresponding to one emission color in a visible light region and at least one secondary emission component, the secondary emission component having an emission color different from that of the primary emission component and a ratio of light emission to radiation of the same intensity being different from that of the primary emission component. According to the present color radiography system, image information of a plurality of colors having different sensitivity characteristics can be obtained.

Abstract: An intensifying screen, comprising a support, a phosphor layer disposed on the support and a protecting film disposed on the phosphor layer. The phosphor layer comprises a first phosphor layer formed on the support side and constituted of particles of the first phosphor having average particle diameter D1 and range coefficient k, which expresses a particle size distribution, in the range of 1.3 to 1.8, and a second phosphor layer formed on the protective film side and constituted of particles of the second phosphor having average particle diameter D2 (>D1) and range coefficient k, which expresses a particle size distribution, in the range of 1.5 to 2.0. The ratio (CW1:CW2) of coating weight per unit area of the particles of the first phosphor in the first phosphor layer CW1 and coating weight per unit area of the particles of the second phosphor in the second phosphor layer CW2 is in the range of from 8:2 to 6:4.

Abstract: An electrode structure includes: a metallic electrode; a case for accommodating and holding the electrode, and one end of a lead wire connecting to the electrode; and an insulating member interposed between the electrode and the case in order to ensure insulation between the electrode and the case, in which structure a waterproof member is interposed between the case and the lead wire in order to prevent the incoming of water from between the case and the lead wire, and an electric heater havinging the above electrode structure.

Abstract: An intake air amount control system for an internal combustion engine installed in an automotive vehicle has an intake air amount control valve arranged in a bypass passage bypassing a throttle valve arranged in an intake passage of the engine. The intake air amount control valve controls the amount of air supplied to the intake passage at a location downstream of the throttle valve. The intake air amount control valve is controlled in dependence on operatives states of electric devices including an electrically-heated catalyzer which are installed on the vehicle and supplied with electric power by an alternator installed on the vehicle and driven by the engine, when the engine is in a predetermined operating condition. The intake air amount control valve is controlled by the use of a correction amount dependent on an operative state of the electrically-heated catalyzer.

Abstract: An electrical load abnormality-detecting system for an automotive vehicle detects abnormality of each of a plurality of electrical load devices installed on the vehicle. A current sensor is provided commonly for the plurality of electrical load devices, for detecting a total load current flowing through the plurality of electrical load devices. The plurality of electrical load devices are separately put into operation, and abnormality of each of the plurality of electrical load devices is determined based on the total load current detected by the current sensor.

Abstract: A control device is provided for controlling an electrically-heated catalyzer of an internal combustion engine. Electric power generated by an alternator driven by the engine is supplied to the electrically-heated catalyzer. At least one electrical parameter dependent on the electric power supplied to the electrically-heated catalyzer is detected. It is determined that the electrically-heated catalyzer is abnormal when the at least one electrical parameter falls outside a predetermined range. The predetermined range is changed according to the rotational speed of the engine detected by an engine rotational speed sensor.