Abstract: An image processing apparatus for converting color images into monochromatic pattern images. The image processing apparatus includes: means for detecting the area of a color image; means for converting a color image into a monochromatic pattern image; and control means for varying such image processing in accordance with the result of detection made by the means for detecting the area. When a thin line is detected in a color area, the method of processing is determined based on the width of the detected thin line. For example, when the width of the thin line is smaller than a predetermined value, the area of such thin line may be outputted as a plain image instead of a pattern image so that it may easily be seen or recognized. The contour of a color area may be made conspicuous by combining a plain image and a pattern image.

Abstract: A thin film layered member having high heat dissipation efficiency is composed of at least two diamond layers and at least one interlayer. The diamond layers and the interlayer ape alternately laminated and the diamond layers form outer surfaces of the thin film layered member. When this member is applied to a heatsink or the like, thermal stress to an element mounted thereon can be reduced because of a laminated structure comprising an interlayer having a high coefficient of thermal expansion and diamond layers having a low coefficient of thermal expansion. Further, the interlayer includes a carbide forming metal, which reacts with carbon atoms constituting a diamond in a laminating process and to form a carbide at an interface between the interlayer and the diamond layer, thereby realizing strong bonding therebetween.

Abstract: An image processing apparatus for converting color images into monochromatic pattern images. The image processing apparatus includes: means for detecting the area of a color image; means for converting a color image into a monochromatic pattern image; and control means for varying such image processing in accordance with the result of detection made by the means for detecting the area. When a thin line is detected in a color area, the method of processing is determined based on the width of the detected thin line. For example, when the width of the thin line is smaller than a predetermined value, the area of such thin line may be outputted as a plain image instead of a pattern image so that it may easily be seen or recognized. The contour of a color area may be made conspicuous by combining a plain image and a pattern image.

Abstract: In a process for forming a solid lubricating film on an iron-base substrate, an organic material having a vapor pressure of 10.sup.-4 Torr or less at room temperature is deposited on an iron-base alloy substrate in a vacuum atmosphere in a vacuum degree of 10.sup.-4 Torr or more, and simultaneously ions of a metal element having a chemical affinity to carbon is irradiated on the iron-base alloy substrate at a dose of 1.times.10.sup.16 ions/cm.sup.2 or more, the ions having an energy of 5 keV or more. Accordingly, the iron-base substrate is coated with a solid lubricating film which includes an atom mixture layer including carbide of the metal element and alloy of iron and the metal element and a carbon layer including amorphous carbon. Hence, the solid lubricating film has an excellent lubricating property as well as a high adhesion property to the iron-base substrate. Namely, the excellent lubricating property will last for a long period of time.

Abstract: A burglarproof device includes an accessory switch detection circuit for detecting ON/OFF states of an accessory switch provided in a vehicle. An accessory switch detection signal is sent to an alarm generation circuit. The alarm generation circuit generates an alarm signal when the accessory switch is in an OFF state. This alarm signal alarms that a detachable electronic equipment adapted to be mounted in vehicles which has been mounted in a vehicle is actually attached to the vehicle. This alarm informs a driver that he forgets detachment of the electronic equipment adapted to be mounted in vehicles, thus preventing burglarly.

Abstract: An indicator includes an indicating member driving unit, an encoder plate, a rotational position detecting unit, and an indication position control unit. The indicating member driving unit rotates an indicating member mounted on a rotor shaft in accordance with an electrical signal input to cause the indicating member to indicate. The encoder plate rotates in association with the indicating member. The rotational position detecting unit detects an actual indication position of the indicating member on the basis of a rotational amount of the encoder plate. The indication position control unit controls the indication position of the indicating member so that the actual indication position of the indicating member detected by the rotational position detecting unit coincides with an indication position of the indicating member determined in correspondence to the electrical signal input.

Abstract: Piezoelectric type liquid level sensor for detecting whether the level of various liquids such as oil of an internal combustion engine, a generator or the like is a predetermined value or higher or not, and method of making the sensor. The sensor is arranged to eliminate the influence of the weight of the lead wires on the vibration element and to facilitate its assembly. The sensor may be provided with a damper member for increasing the sensitivity.

Abstract: A method of strengthening ceramic material by forming a metal film on the surface of the ceramic material and irradiating ions of high energy on the surface of the film. For further improvement, the material may be heat treated at a temperature of 600.degree. C. to 1600.degree. C. after the ion irradiation.

Abstract: A handy type printer with dry cells incorporated therein in which an arrangement consisting of dry cells and a paper feed motor aligned, a screw shaft for sliding a head therealong and a head-driving motor are disposed in the order named in parallel with each other; the ends of a platen and the head-driving screw shaft are supported by first and second shaft bearing members, respectively; and a plurality of reduction gears are rotatably mounted on the first shaft bearing member so as to transmit the torques of the paper feed motor and the head-driving motor to the platen and the head-driving screw shaft, respectively.

Abstract: An optical disc comprises a resin disc substrate, a recording medium layer formed on the disc substrate, a high purity of transparent layer, and a transparent protective resin layer. The transparency of the transparent layer is larger than that of the transparent protective resin layer. A laser beam is focused on the recording medium layer through the transparent protective layer and the transparent layer. The transparent layer is a transparent adhesive layer or an air layer. The focused laser beam is not affected by foreign matter in the vicinity of the recording medium layer due to the high transparency of the transparent layer on the recording medium layer.

Abstract: According to the present invention, there is provided a process for preparing polyolefins comprising polymerizing or copolymerizing olefins using as catalyst a titanium-containing solid and an organometallic compound of a metal of Groups I to IV of the Periodic Table, said titanium-containing solid consisting of a reaction product obtained by copulverizing (1) a magnesium halide and/or a manganese halide, (2) an organohalide and (3) a tetravalent and/or a trivalent titanium compound(s).

Abstract: The present invention discloses improved catalysts for polymerizing or copolymerizing olefins and a process for the production of polyolefins comprising a polymerization or copolymerization of olefins by the use of said catalysts. According to the invention there is provided a process for the production of polyolefins by polymerizing or copolymerizing olefins using as the catalyst a solid component containing a titanium compound and/or a vanadium compound and an organometallic compound, said solid component comprising a substance obtained by co-pulverizing (1) a metal halide selected from the group consisting of magnesium halides and manganese halides, (2) a compound represented by the general formula B(OR).sub.n X.sub.3-n X3 in which n is a number of the range 0<n.ltoreq.3, X represents a halogen atom and R is a hydrocarbon radical containing from 1 to 20 carbon atoms and may be alike or different and (3) a titanium compound and/or a vanadium compound.

Abstract: The present invention discloses improved catalysts for polymerizing or copolymerizing olefins and a process for the production of polyolefins comprising a polymerization or copolymerization of olefins by the use of said catalysts. According to the invention there is provided a process for the production of polyolefins by polymerizing or copolymerizing olefins using as the catalyst a solid component containing a titanium compound and/or a vanadium compound and an organometallic compound, said solid component comprising a substance obtained by co-pulverizing (1) a metal halide selected from the group consisting of magnesium halides and manganese halides, (2) a compound represented by the general formula Mg(OR).sub.n X.sub.2-n in which n is a number of the range 0<n.ltoreq.2, X represents a halogen atom and R is a hydrocarbon radical containing from 1 to 20 carbon atoms and may be alike or different and (3) a titanium compound and/or a vanadium compound.

Abstract: According to the present invention, there is provided a process for preparing polyolefins which comprises polymerizing or copolymerizing olefins using as catalyst a solid component containing a titanium compound and/or a vanadium compound, and an organoaluminum compound and/or an organozinc compound, said solid component being obtained by copulverizing (1) a magnesium halide and/or a manganese halide, (2) an aluminum oxyhalide and (3) a titanium compound and/or a vanadium compound.