Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide an eyedrop which has a relatively low viscosity before instillation but is thickened on the eyeball surface at instillation. The eyedrop containing a viscous agent for ophthalmic use, which comprises a combination of hydroxyethylcellulose and dextran, exhibits a specific and synergistic thickening effect in the coexistence of mucin. Therefore, the eyedrop of the present invention is thickened on the eyeball surface upon contact with mucin in the precorneal tear film at instillation, whereby a desired pharmacological efficacy or refreshing feel can be sustained.

Abstract: A method of preventing a lowering of concentration of a prostaglandin derivative, the prostaglandin derivative being 16-phenoxy-15-deoxy-15,15-difluoro-17,18,19,20-tetranorprostaglandin F2 ? isopropyl ester, the prostaglandin derivative being contained in an ophthalmic solution as an active ingredient. The method including (i) adding to the ophthalmic solution a nonionic surfactant to inhibit the prostaglandin derivative from being adsorbed to a container which contains the ophthalmic solution, the container being made of a resin and (ii) adding to the ophthalmic solution an antioxidant to inhibit decomposition of the prostaglandin derivative.

Abstract: The present invention provides a resin container in which an aqueous liquid preparation containing a prostaglandin F2? derivative having at least a fluorine atom in its molecule can be stored stably for a long period of time. By storing the aqueous liquid preparation containing the prostaglandin F2? derivative having at least a fluorine atom in its molecule in the resin container made of a propylene/ ethylene copolymer in which the ratio of a propylene component to an ethylene component is in the range of from 94.0/6.0 to 99.5/0.5 (propylene component/ethylene component), a decrease in the content of the prostaglandin F2? derivative in the aqueous liquid preparation is inhibited.

Abstract: A base station is installed in a predetermined area where a large number of target points are studded around the station. When the operator moves a mobile station around the base station, display means is provided for both or either of the base station that guides the operator and the mobile station, and a display screen of the display means displays 2 kinds of a Forward (foreground) mode and a Back (background) mode. In the Forward (foreground) mode, the display screen of the display means displays a landscape in a forward direction (opposite direction to the mobile station by 180° when seen from the base station) of the operator (mobile station) when the operator sees the base station from the current position of the mobile station, or from the next target point if the operator reaches the next target point.

Abstract: A position measuring instrument according to the present invention comprises a turning unit and a fixed unit, irradiates a target to be measured with measuring light to determine a distance, a direction, and a position on the basis of its reflected light. A light source unit emits measuring light; a light receiving unit receives its reflected light; a radiating means radiates measuring light in a direction which can be set freely, and directs its reflected light to the light receiving unit; an angle detecting means detects a direction in which the radiating means radiates light; the light source unit and the light receiving unit are fixedly provided; the light source unit emits measuring light toward the radiating means; and the light receiving unit receives reflected light from the target to be measured.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide a composition which is excellent in safety and capable of dispersing uniformly on the mucous tissue when topically administered to mammals, and an ophthalmic solution comprising the composition and capable of stabilizing the tear film and keeping the tear film on the eyeball surface smooth. In a composition comprising a polysaccharide, particularly agar, and water as essential components, an ophthalmic solution comprising the agar-containing composition of which an amount of precipitated agar after performing centrifugal separation at with 40,000 ×g is less than 65 wt % of a total agar content has an excellent tear film stabilizing effect which was proved by a test on changes of corneal surface irregularity. Therefore, the agar-containing ophthalmic solution of the present invention has the effect of stabilizing the tear film on the eyeball surface over a prolonged period of time and is usable as an artificial tear fluid.

Abstract: For the purpose of the storage in a stable manner of an aqueous liquid preparation containing a prostaglandin derivative that is liable to be adsorbed on a container and slightly soluble in water, an object of the present invention is to inhibit the decrease of the content of the prostaglandin derivative that is an active ingredient in the aqueous liquid preparation, taking into account of the material of the resin container. According to the present invention, a prostaglandin-containing product is provided, wherein an aqueous liquid preparation containing a prostaglandin derivative that is liable to be adsorbed on a container and slightly soluble in water is stored in a resin container formed from a polymer alloy of polyethylene terephthalate and polyarylate, thereby inhibiting the decrease of the content of the prostaglandin derivative in the aqueous liquid preparation.

Abstract: The present invention provides an ophthalmic solution containing as the active ingredient a quinolone antimicrobial compound, wherein at least one member selected from the group consisting of water-soluble vinyl polymeric compounds and water-soluble cellulose derivatives is formulated into the ophthalmic solution to prevent the quinolone antimicrobial compound from precipitating when the ophthalmic solution comes in contact with the lacrimal fluid after instillation.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide better formulations of a latanoprost ophthalmic solution. The present invention provides a clear ophthalmic solution comprising latanoprost as an active ingredient and benzalkonium chloride as a preservative wherein white turbidity due to a change of formulation is prevented by at least one means selected from the following 1) to 3); 1) adding a surfactant, 2) using benzalkonium chloride represented by the formula of [C6H5CH2N(CH3)2R]Cl (wherein R is alkyl having 12 carbon atoms) as the preservative and 3) adding a nonionic tonicity agent as a tonicity agent.

Abstract: The present invention provides a latanoprost ophthalmic solution which can be stored at room temperature and is excellent in stability. The ophthalmic solution according to the present invention is an ophthalmic solution comprising latanoprost, wherein latanoprost is stabilized to be stored at room temperature by at least one means selected from the following 1) and 2); 1) adjusting pH of the solution to 5.0 to 6.25 and 2) adding ?-aminocaproic acid to the solution.

Abstract: Additives which enhance the antiseptic effect of a cationic antiseptic agent are added to ophthalmic solutions containing a compound having the chemical structure of the following general formula (I). The antimicrobial effect of the ophthalmic solutions containing a compound having the chemical structure of the general formula (I) and a cationic antiseptic agent is markedly increased by adding a basic amine compound to the solutions. In the general formula (I), R1 is a group of the following structural formula (Ia), (Ib), (Ic), (Id), (Ie) or (If).

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to formulate prostaglandin derivatives which are hardly soluble in water and liable to be adsorbed to a resinous container and prostaglandin derivatives which are liable to decompose when dissolved in water in ophthalmic solutions. Solubility of the prostaglandin derivatives in water is improved and the adsorption thereof to the resinous container can be remarkably inhibited by adding a nonionic surfactant such as polysorbate 80 or polyoxyethylene hydrogenated castor oil 60 to the ophthalmic solutions. The decomposition of the prostaglandin derivatives can be remarkably inhibited by adding an antioxidant such as disodium ethylenediaminetetraacetate or dibutylhydroxytoluene.

Abstract: A position measuring instrument according to the present invention comprises a turning unit and a fixed unit, irradiates a target to be measured with measuring light to determine a distance, a direction, and a position on the basis of its reflected light. A light source unit emits measuring light; a light receiving unit receives its reflected light; a radiating means radiates measuring light in a direction which can be set freely, and directs its reflected light to the light receiving unit; an angle detecting means detects a direction in which the radiating means radiates light; the light source unit and the light receiving unit are fixedly provided; the light source unit emits measuring light toward the radiating means; and the light receiving unit receives reflected light from the target to be measured.

Abstract: A base station is installed in a predetermined area where a large number of target points are studded around the station. When the operator moves a mobile station around the base station, display means is provided for both or either of the base station that guides the operator and the mobile station, and a display screen of the display means displays 2 kinds of a Forward (foreground) mode and a Back (background) mode. In the Forward (foreground) mode, the display screen of the display means displays a landscape in a forward direction (opposite direction to the mobile station by 180° when seen from the base station) of the operator (mobile station) when the operator sees the base station from the current position of the mobile station, or from the next target point if the operator reaches the next target point.

Abstract: A device for detecting optical position, comprising a photodetection unit 40 having a photodetection optical axis 37 and for outputting a photodetection signal corresponding to a light receiving position of a projected light beam, and a modulation grid 42 arranged on said photodetection optical axis and for equalizing distribution of light quantity of a received light beam, wherein a position of the light beam projected on the photodetection unit is detected based on said photodetection signal.

Abstract: A target, comprising a pole for indicating a measuring point, an object to be measured as provided on said pole with a predetermined distance from said measuring point, a tilting sensor for detecting tilting of said pole, and transmitting means for transmitting detection data of said tilting sensor to a survey instrument.

Abstract: The present invention provides an automatic survey instrument, which comprises an objective lens, a focusing lens, and optical means positioned between the objective lens and the focusing lens, all of the components being arranged on an optical axis, wherein the optical means comprises a first reflection surface at least for transmitting visible light and a second reflection surface at least for transmitting light at a predetermined wavelength, and reflection light from the first reflection surface reaches the second reflection surface and reflection light from the second reflection surface runs perpendicularly to the optical axis.

Abstract: A process is disclosed for the production of an alkyl glycoside stable in hue and odor, which comprises the steps of (1) reacting a sugar with alcohol to obtain an alkyl glycoside reaction product containing a higher alcohol, (2) decoloring the alkyl glycoside reaction product with hydrogen peroxide, (3) contacting the decolored alkyl glycoside with a metal/hydrogen complex represented by formula (I)M(BH.sub.4).sub.z (I)wherein M is an alkali metal, Ca, Zn or (CH.sub.3).sub.4 N; andz is 1 when M is an alkali metal or (CH.sub.3).sub.4 N and z is 2 when M is Ca or Zn; to substantially eliminate residual hydrogen peroxide, and then (4) decomposing the remaining metal/hydrogen complex with an acid.

Abstract: There is disclosed an automatic biochemical analyzer having a sample turntable and a reaction turntable. Plural sample containers for holding samples are arrayed on the sample turntable. Plural reaction containers are arrayed on the reaction turntable. A sampling pipette draws in a sample from some sampling container and injects the sample into some reaction container. A reagent pipette draws in some reagent from some reagent container and injects the reagent into the same reaction container. The resulting mixture is stirred by a stirring device. Produced reaction products are detected by a detector. Let N be the number of the reaction containers on the reaction turntable. The reaction turntable is rotated in M pitches in one step. Note that M and N do not have any common factor. First and second injecting positions adjacent to each other are established as positions where the reagent pipette can inject a reagent into the reaction container in position.

Abstract: A cut pile fabric with substantially vertically standing tufts made of a synthetic multifilament yarn which is an intermingled yarn comprised of (a) a crimped multifilament yarn and (b) a non-crimped highly heat-shrinkable multifilament yarn having a heat shrinkage larger than that of the crimped multifilament yarn (a), and having thick portions and thin portions, alternately occurring along the length of each constituting filament of the yarn (b), said thick portions having a heat shrinkage larger than that of said thin portions. When heat-treated, the cut pile fabric provides a high-and-low cut pile fabric having a unique appearance. Especially when tip portions of cut piles of the crimped multifilament yarn (a) are entangled with each other, a cut pile fabric having a rugged surface with lumps of snarled piles is obtained.