Abstract: It is an object of the present invention to provide a gasoline composition utilizing lignocellulosic biomass, which is a plant-derived resource that does not cause competition with food production, the gasoline composition satisfying properties required for use in gasoline engines, and a process for producing the gasoline composition. The gasoline composition contains 0.3 to 10.0 vol % of hemicellulose-derived pentene.

Abstract: Provided are a block copolymer pattern formation method that enables formation, over a large area, of a block copolymer pattern with a perpendicularly oriented lamellar structure enabling nanoscale surface shape control, and a diffraction limited optical element produced using the block copolymer pattern formation method. The block copolymer pattern formation method is a method for forming a block copolymer pattern on a substrate and includes forming an oblique angle vapor deposited film on the substrate, applying a block copolymer onto the oblique angle vapor deposited film that has been formed, and subjecting the block copolymer that has been applied to perpendicularly oriented lamellar structure development post-treatment to form a pattern with a perpendicularly oriented lamellar structure.

Abstract: The purpose of the present invention is to provide a glass for chemical strengthening that exhibits a high strength after chemical strengthening and is resistant to devitrification. The present invention relates to a glass for chemical strengthening that contains, expressed as mol% on an oxide basis, 55 to 70% SiO2, 10 to 25% Al2O3, 1 to 20% Li2O, 0 to 8% CaO, 0 to 8% SrO, and 0 to 5% ZrO2, in which the sum of the contents of CaO and SrO is 1.5 to 10%, the sum of the contents of Na2O and K2O is 3 to 11%, and the value X given by the formula ([Li2O]+[K2O])/[Al2O3] is 0.1 to 1.1.

Abstract: A wavelength-selective transmissive glass has a light transmittance Tmore than 315 nm and 400 nm or less at a wavelength of more than 315 nm and 400 nm or less represented by the formula shown below of 1% or more in terms of a plate thickness of 6 mm and a light transmittance T315 nm or less at a wavelength of 315 nm or less represented by the formula shown below of 60% or less in terms of a plate thickness of 6 mm. Ak is a weighting factor at a wavelength k (nm) for calculating T (light transmittance) defined in ISO-9050:2003, and Tk is a transmittance at the wavelength k (nm) in terms of a plate thickness of 6 mm: Tmore than 315 nm and 400 nm or less=(?k=more than 315400Ak×Tk)/(?k=more than 315400Ak) T315 nm or less=(?k=300315Ak×Tk)/(?k=300315Ak).

Abstract: A cover glass includes a chemically strengthened glass including a first main surface having an area of 12,000 mm2 or larger and a second main surface, and an anti-fingerprint treated layer provided on or above the first main surface. The chemically strengthened glass has a depth of compressive stress layer DOL of 20 ?m or larger, has a tensile stress layer having a P2O5 content of 2 mol % or less, and has A×B of 135 or larger, provided that, among oxide components constituting the tensile stress layer, a total concentration of Li2, Na2O, and K2O is A mol % and a concentration of Al2O3 is B mol %. The anti-fingerprint treated layer includes a surface having a frictional electrification amount, as determined by Method D described in JIS L1094:2014, of 0 kV or less and ?1.5 kV or more.

Abstract: The present invention provides crystallized glass of three-dimensional shape for easily producing chemically strengthened glass of three-dimensional shape that resists damage and has exceptional transparency. This crystallized glass of three-dimensional shape: contains crystals; has light transmittance in terms of a thickness of 0.8 mm of 80% or higher; and contains 45-74% SiO2, 1-30% Al2O3, 1-25% Li2O, 0-10% Na2O, 0-5% K2O, a total of 0-15% of SnO2 and/or ZrO2, and 0-12% P2O5, these amounts expressing the oxide-based mass percentage.

Abstract: Provided are a polarizing plate having excellent optical characteristics, and a method for manufacturing the polarizing plate. The present invention is provided with: a translucent substrate through which light passes in a working band; a bundle structure layer constituted of a columnar sheaf comprising one or more material from among dielectrics, metals, and semiconductors, the bundle structure layer being formed on the translucent substrate; an absorption layer formed on the bundle structure layer; a dielectric layer formed on the absorption layer; and a reflection layer formed on the dielectric layer and arranged as a one-dimensional lattice at a pitch that is smaller than the wavelength of the light in the working band. Because the bundle structure layer increases light absorption and light scattering, the result is that reflectivity can be reduced and excellent optical characteristics obtained.

Abstract: A crystallized glass that: has a visible light transmittance of at least 85% when the thickness thereof is converted to 0.8 mm; has a haze value of no more than 1.0% when the thickness thereof is converted to 0.8 mm; contains, in terms of mass % on an oxide basis, 58%-70% SiO2, 15%-30% Al2O3, 2%-10% Li2O, 0%-5% Na2O, 0%-2% K2O, 0%-1.8% SrO, 0%-2% BaO, 0.5%-6% SnO2, 0.5%-6% ZrO2, and 0%-6% P2O5; has a total SrO and BaO content of 0.1%-3%; and has a total Na2O and K2O content of 1%-5%.

Abstract: The purpose of the present invention is to provide a chemically strengthened glass having excellent transparency and strength and being scratch resistant. The present invention pertains to a chemically strengthened glass that: has a compressive stress layer on the surface thereof; has a visible light transmittance of at least 70% when the thickness thereof is converted to 0.8 mm; has a surface compressive stress of at least 600 MPa; has a compressive stress depth of at least 80 ?m; and contains a ?-spodumene.

Abstract: The present invention pertains to a glass for strengthening, that: has an average transmittance of at least 70% when converted to a thickness of 0.8 mm at a wavelength of 380-780 nm; has a haze value of no more than 0.7% when converted to a thickness of 0.8 mm in a C light source; has a Young's modulus of at least 85 GPa; has a fracture toughness value of at least 0.90 MPa·m1/2; a thermal conductivity at 20° C. of at least 1.3 W/m·K; and comprises a lithium aluminosilicate crystallized glass.

Abstract: Provided are a polarizing plate having excellent optical characteristics, and a method for manufacturing the polarizing plate. The present invention is provided with: a translucent substrate through which light passes in a working band; a bundle structure layer constituted of a columnar sheaf comprising one or more material from among dielectrics, metals, and semiconductors, the bundle structure layer being formed on the translucent substrate; an absorption layer formed on the bundle structure layer; a dielectric layer formed on the absorption layer; and a reflection layer formed on the dielectric layer and arranged as a one-dimensional lattice at a pitch that is smaller than the wavelength of the light in the working band. Because the bundle structure layer increases light absorption and light scattering, the result is that reflectivity can be reduced and excellent optical characteristics obtained.

Abstract: A glass ball has a density of 2.3 to 3.2 g/cm3, a Young's modulus of 60 to 150 GPa, and an average coefficient of thermal expansion at 50 to 350° C. being 40×10?7 to 120×10?7/° C. The glass ball is formed of a glass material including, as represented by mole percentage based on oxides, 30 to 75 mol % of SiO2, 2 to 30 mol % of Al2O3, and 5 to 25 mol % of R2O, where R is at least one kind selected from Li, Na and K. The glass ball includes a compressive stress layer in a surface thereof.

Abstract: The present invention pertains to: a tempered glass which is obtained by physically strengthening a glass having an average coefficient of thermal expansion at 50-350° C. of (20×10?7)-(50×10?7)/)° C. and a glass transition temperature of 560° C. or higher; and a tempered glass obtained by physically strengthening a glass containing, in mole percent on an oxide basis, 0-4% of R2O (R2O is defined in the specification) and 5-25% of B2O3.

Abstract: An object is to provide a phase difference compensation element capable of improving the contrast of a liquid crystal display device while solving the problems of a high cost, an increase in the lead time, an increase in the mounting space, and the durability. A phase difference compensation element includes: a phase difference imparting and reflection preventing layer; a first birefringence layer and a second birefringence layer in which an angle of a corner formed by a main axis of refractive index anisotropy and a surface of a transparent substrate is not 90 degrees; a third birefringence layer in which an angle of a corner formed by a main axis of refractive index anisotropy and the surface of the transparent substrate is 0 degrees, wherein, when segments acquired when the main axes of the first, second, and third birefringence layers are projected onto the transparent substrate are respectively denoted by a segment A, a segment B, and a segment C, relations of the following (1) and (2) are satisfied.

Abstract: A chemically strengthened glass includes a compressive stress layer. A compressive stress is 200 MPa or more at a surface of the chemically strengthened glass. A depth in the compressive stress layer at which the compressive stress is 50 MPa from the surface is 50 ?m or more. A depth in the compressive stress layer at which the compressive stress is 30 MPa from the surface is 60 ?m or more. A critical stress intensity factor KIC is 0.75 MPa·m1/2 or more.

Abstract: It is an object of the present invention to provide a gasoline composition utilizing lignocellulosic biomass, which is a plant-derived resource that does not cause competition with food production, the gasoline composition satisfying properties required for use in gasoline engines, and a process for producing the gasoline composition. The gasoline composition contains 0.3 to 10.0 vol % of hemicellulose-derived pentene.

Abstract: A wavelength plate, wherein first birefringent layer and second birefringent layer are laminated such that in-plane directions of optical axes of first birefringent layer and second birefringent layer cross each other, wherein the wavelength plate satisfies formulae (1), (2), (3), and (4), and wherein at least one of first birefringent layer and second birefringent layer is obliquely-deposited birefringent layer formed by oblique deposition, ?n1×t1=?/2??(1) 1.7?(?n1×t1)/(?n2×t2)?2.

Abstract: A wavelength-selective transmissive glass has a light transmittance Tmore than 315 nm and 400 nm or less at a wavelength of more than 315 nm and 400 nm or less represented by the formula shown below of 1% or more in terms of a plate thickness of 6 mm and a light transmittance T315 nm or less at a wavelength of 315 nm or less represented by the formula shown below of 60% or less in terms of a plate thickness of 6 mm. Ak is a weighting factor at a wavelength k (nm) for calculating T (light transmittance) defined in ISO-9050:2003, and Tk is a transmittance at the wavelength k (nm) in terms of a plate thickness of 6 mm: Tmore than 315 nm and 400 nm or less=(?k=more than 315400 Ak×Tk)/(?k=more than 315400 Ak) T315 nm or less=(?k=300315 Ak×Tk)/(?k=300315 Ak).

Abstract: A glass-resin composite including a glass sheet and a resin film, in which: the resin film is provided all over at least one of main surfaces of the glass sheet; the glass sheet is of a chemically strengthened glass having a compressive stress layer in each of surface layers of the main surfaces and edge surfaces; the glass sheet has a sheet thickness t1 of 0.05-0.25 mm; and the sheet thickness t1, a thickness t2 of the resin film, and yield stress P of the resin film satisfy a relation of {t1 (mm)×4(N/mm2)<t2 (mm)×P(N/mm2)}.

Abstract: Provided is a chemically strengthened glass having a sheet thickness of less than 300 ?m, having a surface compressive stress of 200 MPa or more and satisfying CT?4×(t/1000+0.02)?2+90, in which an internal tensile stress is CT (MPa) and the sheet thickness is t (?m).