Abstract: On a glass sheet, an undercoating layer and a conductive film containing tin oxide as a main component are formed suitably in this order. On the conductive film, a photoelectric conversion unit and a back electrode are formed, thus obtaining a thin film photoelectric conversion device. In the present invention, the absorption coefficient of this conductive film is decreased up to 1.2×103 cm−1 or less. In another embodiment of the present invention, the chlorine concentration in a conductive film is set to be 0.11 wt. % or lower and the fluorine concentration in the conductive film is equal to or higher than the chlorine concentration. In still another embodiment, in a wavelength of 550 nm, a conductive film is formed so that a glass sheet with a conductive film has a transmittance of at least 79% and a haze ratio of at least 4%.

Abstract: A process is provided for manufacturing a multiple layer wiring board incorporated therein a thin-film capacitor.

Abstract: When a transparent conductive film formed on a glass sheet is heat-treated in the air, its conductivity decreases. Even if the conductivity is increased by a heat treatment in a nitrogen atmosphere or the like beforehand, it decreases considerably by heating in the air during a processing step to obtain a final product. The present invention provides a glass sheet with a transparent conductive film, in which the increasing rate of its sheet resistance is 15% or lower even after heating at 450° C. in the air for three hours.

Abstract: A substrate for a photoelectric conversion device that is effective in trapping light in a photovoltaic layer and can be manufactured by industrial mass-production, a method of manufacturing the same, and a photoelectric conversion device using the same. On a glass sheet containing an alkaline component, a first undercoating film containing tin oxide as a main component, a second undercoating film, and a conductive film containing tin oxide as a main component are formed in this order, thus obtaining a substrate. The first undercoating film is formed by a thermal decomposition oxidation reaction of coating-film forming materials containing chlorine on glass with a temperature of at least 600° C. In the first undercoating film, holes are formed without an after-treatment. The surface of the conductive film above the holes has larger irregularities, thus scattering incident light on a photovoltaic unit.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a thin film capacitor device having a copper wiring layer, a dielectric layer, and a barrier layer interposed between the wiring layer and the dielectric layer. The barrier layer has the function of preventing diffusion of copper of the wiring layer. The thin film capacitor device may also include an insulating substrate, a planarizing layer, an adhesion layer, and an intermediate layer. The present invention may also relate to a printed circuit substrate having the described thin film capacitor device built therein as a capacitor.

Abstract: On a glass sheet, undercoating layers and a transparent conductive film containing tin oxide as the main component are formed in this order. The surface of the transparent conductive film is provided with roughness including convex portions and concave portions. The convex portions have a mean diameter in a range between 0.05 &mgr;m and 0.3 &mgr;m and include five convex portions or less with diameters of at least 0.5 &mgr;m per 100 &mgr;m2 of the surface. On the transparent conductive film, a photovoltaic unit and a back electrode are formed, thus obtaining a photoelectric conversion device.

Abstract: The invention provides an anti-thrombogenic material and methods for manufacturing anti-thrombogenic materials. The anti-thrombogenic material of the invention is particularly suited for coating the surface substrate of medical devices which come into contact with blood and biomedical tissues. The surface of the substrate, which may be made of pure titanium or titanium alloy, is provided with a porous layer having an irregular pore structure made of alkaline titanate. With this structure, it is possible to suppress the formation of fibrin induced by activation of the blood coagulation factor such as fibrinogen on the blood contact surface by coating the surface with alkaline titanate, and also to suppress the adhesion and activation of platelets. Moreover, since titanium and titanium alloy are inert for a living body and have favorable familiarity with it and also have large strength, the materials can be used to produce anti-thrombogenic medical devices of an implantable type.

Abstract: A low emissivity (low-E) glass and glass articles made of the low emissivity glass are provided, which permit controlling the solar heat shading property within a certain range without spoiling the transparency and heat insulating property thereof, to thereby realize a comfortable living condition in a wide region of the world or in a wide location of installment. A plurality of metallic oxide based films comprising metallic oxide are laminated on the surface of a glass substrate. The metallic oxide based films include a tin oxide based film containing antimony (SnSbOx film), and a tin oxide based film containing fluorine (SnO2:F film), and further may include a tin oxide based film consisting essentially of tin oxide, and a silicon oxide based film. The SnSbOx film contains antimony in an amount of 0.01 to 0.2 in terms of mole ratio relative to an amount of tin (=Sb mol/Sn mol), to avoid an excessive decrease in visible light transmittance.

Abstract: A transparent layered product in which the ratio of a refractive-index transition layer at the surface of a coating film is set to be a suitable ratio for increasing light transmittance is provided. In a coating film with a rough surface formed on a glass sheet, the thickness of a transition layer in which the refractive index varies continuously in its thickness direction is set to be in a range between 13% and 65% of the thickness of a layer having a substantially constant refractive index in the coating film.

Abstract: A photovoltaic device comprising a transparent substrate, a transparent conductive film, a semiconductor thin film, and a metallic electrode film, the three film being formed on one side of the substrate. The distribution of thickness of the transparent conductive film is within a range of +/−10% of the center thickness. A transparent thin film including at least one layer is formed between the transparent substrate and the transparent conductive film. The colors a* and b* of light reflected from the transparent substrate on which the light is incident vary in the range of +/−5 of the colors a* and b*.

Abstract: A transparent substrate, a transparent conductive film, photoelectric conversion units, and a back electrode are stacked sequentially from a side on which light is incident. Further, intermediate films are formed between the transparent substrate and the transparent conductive film. The intermediate films are formed so that the relationship of R1<R2×0.8 is satisfied, wherein R1 represents an average reflectance in a wavelength region between (&lgr;−50) nm and (&lgr;+50) nm, where &lgr; (nm) represents a wavelength of the light allowing the photoelectric conversion units to have an optimal spectral sensitivity characteristic, and R2 denotes an average reflectance, in the wavelength region, of the photoelectric conversion device that does not include the intermediate film. In a tandem-type device including plural photoelectric conversion units, intermediate films are formed so that the average reflectance in the wavelength range is decreased in each photoelectric conversion unit.

Abstract: In a transparent layered product in which a coating film having a surface with roughness is formed on a glass sheet, the reflectance of the transparent layered product is decreased by controlling the refractive index distribution in a transition layer produced by the roughness. In the transition layer present at the surface of the coating film, in which the refractive index varies continuously in its thickness direction, the variation in refractive index in the thickness direction was indicated by a convex curve over the whole area of the transition layer, when the variation is shown on a plane defined by a horizontal axis indicating a refractive index and the vertical axis indicating the thickness direction of the transition layer, with the glass sheet positioned on the lower side.

Abstract: Purpose: The object of the present invention is to provide an anti-thrombogenic material and a manufacturing method therefor permitting to surely treat a blood contact surface of complex shapes, and moreover, permitting to suppress not only generation of fibrin induced by a blood coagulation factor such as fibrinogen on the blood contact surface but also both of the adhesion and activation of platelets.

Abstract: A photovoltaic device comprises a transparent conductive film, a semiconductor thin film, and a metallic electrode film successively deposited on one surface of a transparent substrate

Abstract: A thin film capacitor comprises a substrate having first and second surfaces, a first electrode film formed on the first surface of the substrate, a high-dielectric film formed on the first electrode film, a second electrode film formed on said high-dielectric film, first and second external connection terminals formed on the second surface of the substrate opposite to the first surface on which the first electrode film is formed in such a manner that the first and second external connection terminals are electrically connected to the first and second electrode films, respectively.

Abstract: A coated glass (1) comprising a base glass (3) and provided on at least one side thereof a film (2) formed of an oxide of Sn, and oxide of Sb and an oxide of Ti. The glass has characteristics especially suited for buildings.

Abstract: A semiconductor device having a ferroelectric film or a polycrystalline silicon gate, a humidity-resistant hydrogen barrier film, like TiN film, TiON film, etc., formed by hydrogen non-emission film forming method over the ferroelectric film or the polycrystalline silicon gate.

Abstract: Method of controlling steel making process under atmospheric pressure, comprising forming an intimate mixture of an exhaust gas and a measured quantity of a reference gas; mass spectrometrically monitoring a sample of the mixture for the ionization currents for selected peaks with which the CO, CO.sub.2, N.sub.2 and reference gas in the sample are concerned; determining the rate or amount of decarburization of the molten steel from the measured value of the quantity of the reference gas in the mixture and the measured values of the ionization currents, and; controlling the process according to the determined value of the rate or amount of decarburization.

Abstract: Method of controlling steel making process under reduced pressures, comprising forming an intimate mixture of an exhaust gas and a measured quantity of a reference gas; mass spectrometrically monitoring a sample of the mixture for the ionization currents for selected peaks with which the CO, CO.sub.2, N.sub.2 and reference gas in the sample are concerned; determining the rate or amount of decarburization of the molten steel from the measured value of the quantity of the reference gas in the mixture and the measured values of the ionization currents, and; controlling the process according to the determined value of the rate or amount of decarburization.