Abstract: A metal purifying method having: a local heating step of heating an aluminum-based molten metal in a first region on a molten metal surface of the aluminum-based molten metal; and a local low pressure step of lowering the pressure in a second region on the molten metal surface to a pressure lower than the pressure in the first region. The second region is different from the first region. This allows a specific element to be vaporized from the second region to purify the aluminum-based molten metal. The specific element is one or more of Zn, Mg, or Pb having a saturated vapor pressure higher than that of Al. This is effective not only in a purifying method for removing a specific element from an aluminum-based molten metal but also in a method of recovering a specific element, which can be a resource, from an aluminum-based molten metal.

Abstract: A lithium secondary battery according to the present disclosure comprises a cathode, an anode; and a non-aqueous electrolyte having lithium ion conductivity. A lithium metal is precipitated on a surface of the anode during charge of the lithium secondary battery. The lithium metal is dissolved from the surface of the anode in the non-aqueous electrolyte during discharge of the lithium secondary battery. The non-aqueous electrolyte contains a solvent and a lithium salt. The lithium salt includes a first lithium salt and a second lithium salt. The second lithium salt is different from the first lithium salt. The first lithium salt is composed of a lithium ion and an ate complex anion. A sum of concentration of the first lithium salt and the second lithium salt which are contained in the non-aqueous electrolyte is not less than 3.0 mol/L.

Abstract: A lithium secondary battery according to the present disclosure comprises a cathode, an anode; and a non-aqueous electrolyte having lithium ion conductivity. A lithium metal is precipitated on a surface of the anode during charge of the lithium secondary battery. The lithium metal is dissolved from the surface of the anode in the non-aqueous electrolyte during discharge of the lithium secondary battery. The non-aqueous electrolyte contains a solvent and a lithium salt. The lithium salt includes a first lithium salt and a second lithium salt. The second lithium salt is different from the first lithium salt. The first lithium salt is composed of a lithium ion and an ate complex anion. A sum of concentration of the first lithium salt and the second lithium salt which are contained in the non-aqueous electrolyte is not less than 3.0 mol/L.

Abstract: A lithium secondary battery including a positive electrode including a positive electrode material mixture containing a positive electrode additive, a negative electrode, a separator, and an electrolyte. The positive electrode additive includes at least one selected from the group consisting of a first compound represented by formula (1): Lia1Fex1M1y1Oz1 and a second compound represented by formula (2): Lia2Nix2M2y2Oz2. The formula (1) satisfies 0?a1?5, 0?x1?5, 0?y1?1, and 0?z1?4, where at least two of a1, x1, y1 and z1 are greater than 0. The formula (2) satisfies 0?a2?2, 0?x2?1, 0?y2?1, and 1?z2?2, where at least one of a2 and x2 is greater than 0. The electrolyte contains an oxalate complex salt having an oxalate complex anion and a lithium ion.

Abstract: Provided is a lithium secondary battery comprising a cathode, an anode, and a non-aqueous electrolyte having lithium ion conductivity. A lithium metal is precipitated on a surface of the anode during charge of the lithium secondary battery. The lithium metal is dissolved from the surface of the anode in the non-aqueous electrolyte during discharge of the lithium secondary battery. The non-aqueous electrolyte contains a solvent and a lithium salt. The solvent includes a fluorinated ether. The fluorinated ether has a fluorination ratio of more than 0% and not more than 60%.

Abstract: In a non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery including a positive electrode, a negative electrode, and a non-aqueous electrolyte having lithium-ion conductivity, the solvent in the non-aqueous electrolyte includes a first ether compound represented by a general formula (1): R1-(OCH2CH2)n—OR2 in which R1 and R2 are independently an alkyl group with a carbon number of 1 to 5, and n represents 1 to 3; and a second ether compound having a fluorination rate of 60% or more and represented by a general formula (2): Ca1Mb1Fc1Od1(CF2OCH2)Ca2Hb2Fc2Od2 in which a1?1, a2?0, b1?2a1, b2?2a2, c1=(2a1+1)?b1, c2=(2a2+1)?b2, d?0, and d2?0. The proportion of a total amount of the first ether compound and the second ether compound in the solvent is 80 volume % or more.

Abstract: A recycling method for aluminum alloy is capable of offering a recycled Al alloy (melt), in which the Fe concentration is efficiently reduced, while using Al alloy scrap and the like as raw materials. The method includes: a preparation step of preparing a first melt by melting an Fe.Mn-containing material that contains Fe and Mn and an Al alloy raw material; a crystallization step of holding the first melt at a separation temperature at which an Fe compound crystallizes; and an extraction step of extracting a second melt obtained by removing at least part of the Fe compound crystallized from the first melt. The Fe.Mn-containing material preferably has a mass ratio of Mn to Fe (Mn/Fe) of, for example, 2 or more.

Abstract: A lithium secondary battery includes a positive electrode, a negative electrode, a separator, and a nonaqueous electrolyte having lithium-ion conductivity. A negative electrode current collector includes a layer having a first surface and a second surface opposite to the first surface, first protrusions protruding from the first surface, and second protrusions protruding from the second surface. The first and second surfaces are surfaces on which lithium metal is deposited during charge. When viewed in a direction of a normal to the first surface, a total area of overlap between the first protrusions and the second protrusions is ½ or less of a total area of the first protrusions.

Abstract: An analysis apparatus according to an embodiment includes one or more hardware processors. The one or more hardware processors: acquire pieces of input data each representing a physical quantity of a corresponding one of elements, the elements being obtained by performing discretization on an analysis area; input the pieces of input data into an estimation model; and calculate pieces of output data output by the estimation model, each of the pieces of output data being a value of an energy functional representing energy of a corresponding one of the elements.

Abstract: A lithium secondary battery includes an electrode group and a nonaqueous electrolyte having lithium ion conductivity. A negative electrode includes a negative electrode current collector. The negative electrode current collector has a first surface facing an outward direction of winding of the electrode group and a second surface facing an inward direction of the winding of the electrode group. Lithium metal is deposited on the first surface and the second surface by charge. The negative electrode further includes first protrusions protruding from the first surface and second protrusions protruding from the second surface. A ratio A1X/A1 is greater than a ratio A2X/A2. A1X is a sum of projected areas of the first protrusions on the first surface. A1 is an area of the first surface. A2X is a sum of projected areas of the second protrusions on the second surface. A2 is an area of the second surface.

Abstract: A lithium metal secondary battery includes: a positive electrode including a positive electrode active material which contains a lithium transition metal oxide; a negative electrode which is disposed to face the positive electrode, which includes a negative electrode collector, and on which a lithium metal is precipitated in charge; a separator provided between the positive electrode and the negative electrode; and an electrolyte which is impregnated in the separator and which contains a lithium halogenated compound in an amount of more than 0.1 to less than 10 percent by weight and at least one selected from a fluorinated cyclic carbonate and a fluorinated oxalate complex.

Abstract: A lithium secondary battery comprises an electrode group and a nonaqueous electrolyte having lithium-ion conductivity. A negative electrode current collector has a first surface facing outward of winding of the electrode group and a second surface facing inward of the winding of the electrode group. At least the first surface or the second surface includes a first region and a second region that is closer to an innermost circumference of the winding of the electrode group than the first region. Protrusions include outer-circumference-side protrusions disposed on the first region and inner-circumference-side protrusions disposed on the second region. In at least the first surface or the second surface, a first area rate is larger than a second area rate.

Abstract: An image capturing apparatus capable of interchanging a lens unit includes a processing unit configured to perform image correction processing based on data acquired by an acquisition unit. In the image capturing apparatus, the acquired data includes information of a first shooting condition, configured in a discrete manner, information of a plurality of second shooting conditions provided for each information of the first shooting condition, and correction information corresponding to a combination of the information of the first shooting condition and the information of the second shooting condition.

Abstract: An image stabilization apparatus comprising: a calculator that calculates a drive amount for correcting blur by moving a position of an image sensor, that photoelectrically converts light incident through an optical system and outputs an image signal, on a plane perpendicular to an optical axis of the optical system in accordance with a detected blur amount; and calculates, for each of a plurality of states of the optical system and a plurality of states of an image capturing apparatus, an allowable drive amount of the image sensor corresponding to optical characteristics information and a state of the optical system and a state of the image sensor. The calculator calculates the drive amount within the allowable drive amount.

Abstract: A lithium secondary battery includes a positive electrode, negative electrode, a separator, and a nonaqueous electrolyte having lithium-ion conductivity. The positive electrode contains a positive electrode active material containing lithium. The negative electrode faces the positive electrode. The separator is disposed between the positive and negative electrodes. The negative electrode includes a negative electrode current collector. The negative electrode current collector includes a layer having a first surface, and protrusions protruding from the first surface. The first surface is a surface on which lithium metal is deposited during charge. The protrusions do not divide the first surface into parts.

Abstract: A semiconductor device inspection apparatus according to embodiments comprises: an action unit that generates an internal stress in a predetermined direction in a semiconductor device; a stress controller that controls a magnitude of the internal stress generated in the semiconductor device by the action unit; a probe electrically connected to the semiconductor device; a probe controller that supplies a current to the semiconductor device via the probe; and a controller that screens the semiconductor device based on a first current flowing through the semiconductor device via the probe while the internal stress is not generated in the semiconductor device and a second current flowing through the semiconductor device via the probe while the action unit generates the internal stress in the semiconductor device.

Abstract: A lithium metal secondary battery includes a positive electrode, a negative electrode, a separator, and a nonaqueous electrolyte. The positive electrode and the negative electrode are wound to form an electrode group. The positive and negative electrodes face each other with the separator between the positive and negative electrodes. The electrode group has a space for accommodating at least part of the nonaqueous electrolyte when fully discharged. X and Y satisfy 1.00?X/Y<1.20, where X is a calculated thickness of the lithium metal which is calculated from design capacity per unit area of the positive electrode, and Y is a virtual thickness of the space when the space is assumed to be formed only between the negative electrode and the separator.

Abstract: An analysis apparatus of an embodiment includes one or more processors. The processors receive structural information indicating a structure of a pipe to be analyzed and fluid information indicating a state of a fluid flowing in the pipe. The one or more processors obtain a plurality of loss factors of the pipe based on the structural information and the fluid information and calculate a wall shear stress of the pipe from the loss factors.

Abstract: A cathode active material for magnesium secondary batteries includes a material containing magnesium, boron, and carbon. The material has a layered structure.

Abstract: A lithium secondary battery includes: a positive electrode; a negative electrode; a separator disposed between the positive electrode and the negative electrode; and a nonaqueous electrolyte solution filled between the positive electrode and the negative electrode. The negative electrode includes: an electrically conductive layer having a surface; and lithium metal pieces arranged spaced from each other on the surface of the electrically conductive layer. There is no lithium metal on an imaginary line extending from a first end to a second end opposite to the first end of the surface of the electrically conductive layer and traversing a space between the lithium metal pieces.