Abstract: The invention relates to a process for production of propylene from a C4/C5 olefin cut (for example from steam cracking and/or catalytic cracking), this process comprising an optional selective hydrogenation, a selective oligomerization of the isobutenes and an oligocracking of the n-butenes. The invention makes it possible to obtain a high conversion rate with a good propylene yield and to maximize the production of good-quality gasoline.

Abstract: An enhanced method of producing ethers from iso-olefins and alcohols comprises at least one stage of separation of the excess alcohol by an ionic liquid. The ether-hydrocarbon-alcohol effluent treated in said separation stage by the ionic liquid comes from the reaction section and/or from a fractionating column. The separated and condensed alcohol is recycled in the process.

Abstract: The invention concerns a process for preparing a hybrid organic-inorganic material (HOIM) with phosphorus-containing bridges between the surface of an inorganic substrate containing an element M and one or more organic groups of the covalent M-O-P-R type, said process using, as a precursor for said organic group or groups, at least one organophosphorus acid halide with formula RxP(O)Xy in which x=1 or 2, y=3?x, X being a halogen and R designating at least one organic alkyl, aryl or aryl-alkyl group. Non-exhaustive applications for the hybrid organic-inorganic material obtained by the process of the invention are in the fields of anti-corrosion, lubrication, microelectronics, nanotechnologies, composite materials, heterogeneous catalysis, supported catalysis, depollution and biomedical applications.

Abstract: An enhanced method of producing ethers from iso-olefins and alcohols comprises at least one stage of separation of the excess alcohol by an ionic liquid. The ether-hydrocarbon-alcohol effluent treated in said separation stage by the ionic liquid comes from the reaction section and/or from a fractionating column. The separated and condensed alcohol is recycled in the process.

Abstract: Heavy crude transportation optimization method wherein at least one solvent is added to said crude. According to the method, a predetermined amount of dimethyl ether (DME) is added under pressure so as to adjust the viscosity of the crude.

Abstract: An enhanced ether production process from an olefinic cut containing at least one iso-olefin and from an alcohol comprises a stage of removal of the acetonitrile present in the hydrocarbon feed by liquid-liquid extraction, the extraction solvent being a non-aqueous ionic liquid of general formula Q+A?, wherein Q+ is an ammonium, phosphonium and/or sulfonium cation, and A? an anion likely to form a liquid salt with said cation. Advantageously, the method according to the invention generally allows the amount of water at the etherification reactor inlet to be divided by at least two and thus the purity of the ether produced to be improved.

Abstract: An improved catalytic composition for oligomerization, in particular dimerization, of monoolefins comprises the product resulting from bringing the following three constituents into contact in any order: a) at least one divalent nickel compound; b) at least one hydrocarbylaluminium dihalide, optionally enriched with an aluminum trihalide; and c) at least one organic Bronsted acid; the catalytic composition being pre-conditioned in a solvent before using it for oligomerization.

Abstract: The invention concerns a process for preparing a hybrid organic-inorganic material (HOIM) with phosphorus-containing bridges between the surface of an inorganic substrate containing an element M and one or more organic groups of the covalent M-O-P-R type, said process using, as a precursor for said organic group or groups, at least one organophosphorus acid halide with formula RxP(O)Xy in which x=1 or 2, y=3?x, X being a halogen and R designating at least one organic alkyl, aryl or aryl-alkyl group. Non-exhaustive applications for the hybrid organic-inorganic material obtained by the process of the invention are in the fields of anti-corrosion, lubrication, microelectronics, nanotechnologies, composite materials, heterogeneous catalysis, supported catalysis, depollution and biomedical applications.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for production of propylene from a C4/C5 olefin cut (for example from steam cracking and/or catalytic cracking), this process comprising an optional selective hydrogenation, a selective oligomerization of the isobutenes and an oligocracking of the n-butenes. The invention makes it possible to obtain a high conversion rate with a good propylene yield and to maximize the production of good-quality gasoline.

Abstract: This invention relates to a process for the oligomerization of olefins that have 2 to 6 carbon atoms comprising at least: a) One reaction stage in which a first effluent that comprises oligomers, paraffins and olefins that have not reacted is recovered, b) A separation stage that makes it possible to separate a portion of the oligomers that are contained in the effluent from a mixture that comprises oligomers, paraffins and the olefins that have not reacted, c) A recycling of a portion of said mixture in the reaction stage, and d) A stage for membrane separation of another portion of said mixture so as to draw off a permeate that comprises at least 70% by weight of olefins and a retentate that comprises paraffins and oligomers, e) A stage for recovery of oligomers on the retentate.

Abstract: An enhanced ether production process from an olefinic cut containing at least one iso-olefin and from an alcohol comprises a stage of removal of the acetonitrile present in the hydrocarbon feed by liquid-liquid extraction, the extraction solvent being a non-aqueous ionic liquid of general formula Q+A?, wherein Q+ is an ammonium, phosphonium and/or sulfonium cation, and A? an anion likely to form a liquid salt with said cation. Advantageously, the method according to the invention generally allows the amount of water at the etherification reactor inlet to be divided by at least two and thus the purity of the ether produced to be improved.

Abstract: Process for desulfurization of an effluent for cracking or steam-cracking hydrocarbons, more particularly a gasoline for example for catalytic cracking that comprises the elimination of thiophenic compounds by alkylation of these compounds, followed by a distillation, a hydrocracking of said alkyl-thiophenic compounds, then a hydrodesulfurization of the effluent that is obtained from the hydrocracking zone. In a preferred embodiment, this process comprises a preliminary stage for separating the cracking or steam-cracking effluent into three fractions, and proposes sending to the alkylation stage only the intermediate fraction that is low in heavy basic nitrogen-containing compounds that are initially present in the effluents that are to be alkylated.

Abstract: A process is described for transforming an initial hydrocarbon feed containing 4 to 15 carbon atoms, limits included, into a hydrocarbon fraction having an improved octane number and a hydrocarbon fraction with a high cetane number.

Abstract: An improved catalytic composition for oligomerization, in particular dimerization, of monoolefins comprises the product resulting from bringing the following three constituents into contact in any order: a) at least one divalent nickel compound; b) at least one hydrocarbylaluminium dihalide, optionally enriched with an aluminium trihalide; and c) at least one organic Bronsted acid; the catalytic composition being pre-conditioned in a solvent before using it for oligomerization.

Abstract: Heavy crude transportation optimization method wherein at least one solvent is added to said crude. According to the method, a predetermined amount of dimethyl ether (DME) is added under pressure so as to adjust the viscosity of the crude.

Abstract: An improved catalytic composition for oligomerization, in particular dimerization, of monoolefins comprises the product resulting from bringing the following three constituents into contact in any order: a) at least one divalent nickel compound; b) at least one hydrocarbylaluminium dihalide, optionally enriched with an aluminium trihalide; and c) at least one organic Bronsted acid; the catalytic composition being pre-conditioned in a solvent before using it for oligomerization.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for pretreatment of a solid catalyst that is obtained by a reaction between an inorganic binder and phosphoric acid, whereby said method comprises a stage in which said catalyst is brought into contact with a mixture of hydrocarbons under swelling conditions of the catalyst up to a predetermined volume increase, with no significant volume constraint on said catalyst. The invention also relates to an operating process of said catalyst in an alkylation or oligomerization reactor.

Abstract: This invention relates to a process for the oligomerization of olefins that have 2 to 6 carbon atoms comprising at least: a) One reaction stage in which a first effluent that comprises oligomers, paraffins and olefins that have not reacted is recovered, b) A separation stage that makes it possible to separate a portion of the oligomers that are contained in the effluent from a mixture that comprises oligomers, paraffins and the olefins that have not reacted, c) A recycling of a portion of said mixture in the reaction stage, and d) A stage for membrane separation of another portion of said mixture so as to draw off a permeate that comprises at least 70% by weight of olefins and a retentate that comprises paraffins and oligomers, e) A stage for recovery of oligomers on the retentate.

Abstract: A process is described for the valorization of a charge of hydrocarbons and for reducing the vapour pressure of said charge, comprising three steps: a step a) consisting of separating said charge of hydrocarbons into a fraction (O1) comprising essentially compounds containing 5 carbon atoms, including at least 2% by weight of pentenes, a step b) consisting of placing said fraction (O1) in contact with a cut of hydrocarbons (O2) at least partly comprising hydrocarbons having a number of carbon atoms between 6 and 10, including at least 2% by weight of olefins, and a step c) consisting of separating the effluents originating from step b) into a gasoline cut (?) the upper distillation point of which is less than 100° C. and a kerosene cut (?) having a distillation range between 100° C. and 300° C.

Abstract: The invention describes materials comprising organic groups containing sulphur and phosphorous bonded together by a hydrocarbon chain and bonded via phosphorous and oxygen atoms to a mineral oxide of an element M, said materials being characterized in that they comprise M-O-M? bonds, M?representing an element of a mineral oxide identical to or different from M, in that the ratio of the element M to the phosphorous is about 0.5: 1 to about 500:1 and in that each phosphorous atom of the phosphorous-containing groups forms at least one P—O-M bond and/or P—O-M? bond. The invention also describes a process for preparing such materials.