Abstract: The invention provides an isoparaffin: olefin alkylation process comprising contacting isoparaffin and olefin with a synthetic porous crystalline material which is characterized, in its uncalcined form, by an X-ray diffraction pattern including values substantially as set forth in Table I of the specification and having a composition comprising the molar relationshipX.sub.2 O.sub.3 :(n)YO.sub.2,wherein n is less than about 20, X is a trivalent element and Y is a tetravalent element.

Abstract: The invention provides a catalyst complex for promoting alkylation of an isoparaffin with an olefin, said catalyst complex comprising the reaction product of BF.sub.3 and at least one selected from the group consisting of H.sub.3 PO.sub.4 and H.sub.2 O; and, additionally, excess BF.sub.3 in concentration of from about 10 ppm (weight) to about 5 percent by weight of the total isoparaffin and olefin feed.The invention further provides a process for the alkylation of an isoparaffin with an olefin by contacting a mixture of isoparaffin and olefin with the catalyst complex of the invention, decanting the hydrocarbon product from the catalyst complex, and deacidifying the hydrocarbon product.

Abstract: A process is disclosed for the highly selective skeletal isomerization of linear olefin-containing organic feeds to iso-olefins at high levels of feed conversion wherein linear olefins, e.g., n-butenes, are contacted with catalyst comprising ZSM-22 having a crystal size whose largest dimension is no greater than 0.5 micron. The process is carried out under isomerization conditions to produce iso-olefins of corresponding carbon number, e.g., isobutene. High overall iso-olefin yields thus can be obtained, even at relatively low temperatures.

Abstract: A process is provided for alkylating an isoparaffin with an olefin comprising effecting reaction of isoparaffin and olefin in the presence of an alkylation catalyst complex comprising a Lewis acid and a solid component, said solid component comprising a layered silicate and pillars of an oxide of at least one element selected from Groups IB, IIB, IIIA, IIIB, IVA, IVB, VA, VB, VIA, VIIA and VIIIA of the Periodic Table of the Elements separating the layers of the silicate.

Abstract: The invention provides an isoparaffin:olefin alkylation catalyst composition and a process employing the same, wherein the catalyst composition comprises from about 10 to about 90 percent of at least one acid selected from the group consisting of hydrofluoric acid and the halogen-substituted sulfonic acids, together with from about 10 to about 90 weight percent of an additive having the formula R--(NO.sub.2).sub.n, wherein R is an alkyl, aromatic, alkyl halide or halide-substituted aromatic group having from about 1 to about 30 carbon atoms.

Abstract: The present invention provides a process for alkylating an isoparaffin with an olefin comprising contacting an isoparaffin having from 4 to 8 carbon atoms with an olefin having from 2 to 12 carbon atoms in an alkylation reaction zone at temperature from about -20.degree. C. to about 150.degree. C. with an alkylation catalyst complex comprising a Lewis acid and an inorganic, porous crystalline phase material having, after calcination, a d-spacing greater than about 18 Angstrom Units and having a benzene adsorption capacity of greater than 15 grams benzene per 100 grams of said material at 50 torr and 25.degree. C., wherein the molar ratio of said isoparaffin to said olefin is from about 1 to about 250 to evolve a product stream containing C.sub.5 +alkylate.

Abstract: The present invention provides a process for alkylating an isoparaffin with an olefin comprising contacting an isoparaffin having from 4 to 8 carbon atoms with an olefin having from 2 to 12 carbon atoms in an alkylation reaction zone at temperature from about -20.degree. C. to about 200.degree. C. in the presence of a Bronsted acid and an inorganic, porous crystalline phase material having, after calcination, a d-spacing greater than about 18 Angstrom Units and having a benzene adsorption capacity of greater than 15 grams benzene per 100 grams of said material at 50 torr and 25.degree. C., wherein the molar ratio of said isoparaffin to said olefin is from about 1:1 to about 250:1 to evolve a product stream containing C.sub.5 + alkylate.

Abstract: A Pt/Ba/USY catalyst prepared with a high SiO.sub.2 /Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 ratio USY gives improved aromatics selectivity compared to other Pt/USY containing catalysts. The improved selectivity is a result of the method of catalyst preparation which includes incorporation of a Group IIA metal after platinum incorporation.

Abstract: There is provided a catalyst comprising a layered silicate, such as magadiite, containing interspathic polymeric silica which serves to prop open the layers. The catalyst further comprises rare earth cations which are exchanged with other cations in the silicate. It has been discovered that this rare earth cation exchange imparts enhanced hydrothermal stability to the catalyst. There is also provided a method for making this catalyst and a process for using this catalyst for cracking hydrocarbons. In the cracking process, the catalyst is regenerated.

Abstract: A layered catalyst suited to the catalytic cracking of heavy feeds comprises a core and a shell. The shell comprises at least 5 wt % of at least 1 molecular sieve having openings of at least 8 angstroms. The core comprises at least 10 wt % of at least 1 molecular sieve having openings comprising a 12 or less-membered ring and has a reduced, if any, content of said molecular sieve having openings of at least 8 angstroms, relative to its concentration in the shell. Suitable molecular sieve materials having openings of at least 8 angstroms include MCM-41, VPI-5, MCM-9 and layered metal oxides, e.g., pillared clays. The required molecular sieve of the core can include zeolite Y, Ultrastable Y or intermediate pore size zeolites such as ZSM-5. The shell which may further contain a metals passivator can act as a metals sink, and can remove metals from the unit by attrition. The catalyst is preferably prepared by forming the core and then coating or encapsulating the core with a shell material.

Abstract: A process is disclosed for the highly selective skeletal isomerization of linear olefin-containing organic feeds to iso-olefins at high levels of feed conversion wherein linear olefins, e.g., n-butenes, are contacted with catalyst comprising ZSM-22 having a crystal size whose largest dimension is no greater than 0.5 micron. The process is carried out under isomerization conditions to produce iso-olefins of corresponding carbon number, e.g., isobutene. High overall iso-olefin yields thus can be obtained, even at relatively low temperatures.

Abstract: Light olefins are converted to isoalkene-rich hydrocarbon products, e.g., isobutene and isoamylenes with zeolite MCM-22 catalyst.

Abstract: A low acidity Group VIII metal-containing zeolite MCM-22 catalyst, said zeolite exhibiting an Alpha value of not greater than about 150, is provided for conversion of aliphatic C.sub.2 to C.sub.12 hydrocarbon(s) to olefin(s) and/or aromatic(s).

Abstract: The invention is a catalytic process for isomerizing an olefin under catalytic isomerization conditions, in the presence of an olefin isomerization catalyst comprising MCM-22. The light olefins are linear and/or branched olefins containing greater than three carbon atoms. The olefins can be contained in a fraction having a boiling range of from C.sub.5 + to 390.degree. F.

Abstract: The process relates to converting normal paraffins and/or mono-methyl branched paraffins, which are generally of low octane value, to more highly branched isoparaffins which are generally superior to normal paraffins in octane.

Abstract: Aromatic hydrocarbons are alkylated with relatively long chain alkylating agents, e.g., C.sub.8 + olefins, at mole ratio of aromatic to alkylating agent of not greater than about 5 in the presence of, as catalyst, a Lewis acid-promoted amorphous, porous inorganic oxide such as silica to provide long chain alkyl aromatic products which are useful, inter alia, as lubricating oil stocks.

Abstract: A layered catalyst contains a core of at least one, and preferably three, molecular sieve components within a shell layer of reduced molecular sieve content. A preferred catalyst consists of a core of a large pore molecular sieve, preferably a dealuminized Y-type zeolite, a shape selective paraffin cracking/isomerization component, preferably HZSM-5, and a shape selective aliphatic aromatization component, preferably gallium ZSM-5, within a shell of an alumina-rich, matrix. The shell can capture metals from the feeds being processed, it can act as a metals sink, and can remove metals from the unit by attrition. The catalyst is preferably prepared by forming the core and then coating or encapsulating the core with a shell having a reduced molecular sieve content. The shell may contain a pillared clay or other very large pore cracking component. The shell may be an attritable coating of an amorphous rare earth oxide, aluminum oxide and aluminum phosphate composite, which traps metals.

Abstract: A process for alkylation of isoparaffins and olefins employing a fixed bed of catalyst. The catalyst composition includes an unpromoted synthetic zeolite. The alkylate product contains highly branched paraffins and has an octane suitable for blending into motor gasolines. Alternatively multiple fixed beds can be employed with direct effluent recycle or split olefin feeds.

Abstract: Catalyst compositions of inorganic oxide bound shape-selective porous crystalline silicates are prepared by adding binder precursors to a porous crystalline silicate reaction mixture which contains unincorporated silica, in-situ formed porous crystalline silicate and water. The resulting compositions exhibit improved hydrothermal stability and octane enhancement as additives in catalytic cracking.

Abstract: A process for producing 2,6-dimethylnaphthalene by alkylation of an alkylaromatic, e.g. toluene, with a C.sub.5 olefin alkylating agent, e.g. 1-pentene, in the presence of a suitable alkylation catalyst, and dehydrocyclization of the resulting alkylate with a dehydrocyclization catalyst to generate a dimethylnaphthalene product rich in the 2,6-isomer. Additional process steps can include isomerization of the product and further alkylation.