Abstract: An optical scanning microscope includes an illumination system having a light source portion emanating from a light source, first and second polarizing beam splitters, and first and second optical channels disposed between the beam splitters. The light source portion is configured to emit a first illumination light beam comprising light of a first main polarization direction and of a second main polarization direction. The first beam splitter is configured to guide the light primarily into the first and channels, respectively. The second beam splitter is configured to form a second illumination light beam from light of the first and second main polarization directions from the first channel and second channels, respectively. The first and second channels are configured to emit the light of the first and second main polarization directions from the first and second channels, respectively, so as to have different types of convergence.

Abstract: A method for imaging in a microscope with oblique illumination includes illuminating an object by an illumination beam path that is obliquely incident on an object plane of the microscope. A microscopic image of the object and a corresponding digital image signal are produced. The digital image signal is processed by digital image processing using a convolution kernel to increase contrast. An increased-contrast digital image is produced from the processed digital image signal.

Abstract: An optical scanning microscope includes an illumination system having a light source portion emanating from a light source, first and second polarizing beam splitters, and first and second optical channels disposed between the beam splitters. The light source portion is configured to emit a first illumination light beam comprising light of a first and of a second main polarization direction. The first beam splitter is configured to guide the light of the first and second main polarization direction primarily into the first and channels, respectively. The second beam splitter is configured to form a second illumination light beam from light of the first and second main polarization directions from the first channel and second channels, respectively. The first and second channels are configured to emit the light of the first and second main polarization directions from the first and second channels, respectively, so as to have different convergence angles.

Abstract: A method for imaging in a microscope with oblique illumination includes illuminating an object by an illumination beam path that is obliquely incident on an object plane of the microscope. A microscopic image of the object and a corresponding digital image signal are produced. The digital image signal is processed by digital image processing using a convolution kernel to increase contrast. An increased-contrast digital image is produced from the processed digital image signal.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for illuminating a sample (10) in a microscope (26), the sample (10) being analysed in transmitted light bright field illumination or in incident light fluorescence illumination, wherein a white light LED (4) is used as the light source for the transmitted light bright field illumination, and a shutter (6) is activated at a location in the illumination beam path of the transmitted light bright field illumination during incident light fluorescence illumination and this shutter (6) is deactivated during transmitted light bright field illumination.

Abstract: The invention relates to a microscope illumination method, to a microscope illumination set, comprising a white light LED (4) and a correction filter (6), and to a corresponding microscope system (1) for analyzing a sample (10) alternately or simultaneously in transmitted light bright field illumination and in incident light fluorescence illumination, wherein a white light LED (4) is used for the transmitted light bright field illumination, and a correction filter (6) is activated at a location in the illumination beam path of the transmitted light bright field illumination both during transmitted light bright field illumination and during incident light fluorescence illumination, wherein the correction filter (6) has a spectral transmission profile which has a minimum in the wavelength range of at least one maximum of the spectrum of the white light LED (4).

Abstract: A microscope illumination system includes a first light source configured to provide light along an optical axis and an aperture device including an aperture wheel that is rotatable about an axis of rotation. The aperture wheel includes a plurality of apertures of varying size disposed circumferentially on the aperture wheel. The aperture wheel is rotatable so as to dispose each of the apertures in a position that is centered on the optical axis so as to generate an illumination beam path that extends in a centered relationship with respect to the optical axis, and so as to dispose each of the apertures in a position that is off-center from the optical axis and that is within a defined region around the optical axis so as to generate an illumination beam path that extends off-center from the optical axis for oblique incident illumination.

Abstract: Illuminating arrangement for a microscope (200) having a first LED (10) for providing light with a first intensity spectrum (K1) with at least two intensity maxima and an intensity minimum located between the intensity maxima, and at least one further LED (20) for providing light with a further intensity spectrum (K2) respectively, each further intensity spectrum (K2) having an intensity maximum in the region of the intensity minimum of the first intensity spectrum (K1), and a device (30) for merging the light of the first LED (10) and the light of the at least one further LED (20), by means of which illuminating light can be produced with a combined intensity spectrum (K3) composed of light with the first intensity spectrum and light with each of the further intensity spectra.

Abstract: Described is a hair smoothing agent comprising a water-soluble alkali metal silicates. Also described is a concentrate comprising a water-soluble alkali metal silicate that can be added to a cosmetically acceptable medium.

Abstract: An arrangement for fluorescence microscopic examination of specimens includes: a fluorescence microscope; an illumination device that includes: a housing including an interface configured to optically couple the housing and the fluorescence microscope; a plurality of light-emitting diodes disposed in the housing; a respective collector disposed downstream of each of the light emitting diodes and configured to generate a directed light flux; and at least one dichroic splitter disposed in the housing, the at least one splitter and the light-emitting diodes being spatially disposed with respect to one another so that the directed light fluxes are combinable via the at least one splitter into a common illumination beam path directed onto the interface; and a logical control device common to the fluorescence microscope and the illumination device.

Abstract: The invention relates to a hair smoothing agent characterized by a content of sodium silicate.

Abstract: A microscope comprising a camera connection in a image beam path is suggested. A camera adapter and a camera can be adapted to the camera connection, and the microscope can be used to reproduce the image of a sample on a sensor of the camera. Imaging of the beam path in the camera adapter comprises an intermediate imaging with a pupil plane having reduced beam diameter next to the pupil plane, and at least one optical means can be inserted into the reproduction beam path in the region of the reduced beam cross-section. An optical means or an interchangeable device comprising a plurality of optical means, such as filters, plane-parallel plates or wedge plate, is integrated into the pupil plane in the camera adapter.

Abstract: Disclosed is an improved process for the production of fatty acid lower alkyl esters according to formula (I) R1CO—OR2??(I) in which R1CO represents a linear or branched acyl moiety having from about 6 to about 22 carbon atoms and 0 to 6 double bonds and wherein R2 is a linear or branched alkyl moiety having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, by transesterification of triglycerides or fatty acid esters using C1-C6 aliphatic alcohols, which includes the steps of (a) providing an aqueous mixture of aliphatic C1-C6 alcohol by fermenting in a first reactor a carbon source comprising carbohydrates and/or glycerol produce a fermentation broth comprising said aliphatic C1-C6 alcohol, (b) providing in a second reactor a triglyceride and/or an ester of a fatty acid, together with a biocatalyst capable of effecting a transesterification reaction, (c) transferring said aqueous aliphatic C1-C6 alcohol mixture obtained from said first reactor into said second reactor to provide a two-phase system, and (d) effecting the transesteri

Abstract: The present invention pertains to a method for the efficient production of carotenoids. In particular, the present invention is directed to a method for producing carotenoid and carotenoid-containing cells, especially astaxanthin and astaxanthin-containing cells, by generating mutant microorganisms belonging to the photoautotrophic algae of the Class Chlorophyceae and culturing same. The present invention further relates to methods of generating microorganisms producing high yields of carotenoids, in particular astaxanthin, products containing said microorganisms or said carotenoids, and the use of said carotenoids produced by the microorganisms according to the present invention and deposited mutant strains generated from said microorganisms.

Abstract: An apparatus for positioning optical components in an optical device and a microscope with such an apparatus are described, comprising a holding device having a plurality of receptacles on which the optical components can be fixed. A stepper motor comprises a motor shaft for rotating the holding device via a toothed belt and therefore positions the optical components. This allows to position optical components in the optical beam path with low noise and in a vibration-free manner.

Abstract: The invention relates to a microscope illumination method, to a microscope illumination set, comprising a white light LED (4) and a correction filter (6), and to a corresponding microscope system (1) for analysing a sample (10) alternately or simultaneously in transmitted light bright field illumination and in incident light fluorescence illumination, wherein a white light LED (4) is used for the transmitted light bright field illumination, and a correction filter (6) is activated at a location in the illumination beam path of the transmitted light bright field illumination both during transmitted light bright field illumination and during incident light fluorescence illumination, wherein the correction filter (6) has a spectral transmission profile which has a minimum in the wavelength range of at least one maximum of the spectrum of the white light LED (4).

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for illuminating a sample (10) in a microscope (26), the sample (10) being analysed in transmitted light bright field illumination or in incident light fluorescence illumination, wherein a white light LED (4) is used as the light source for the transmitted light bright field illumination, and a shutter (6) is activated at a location in the illumination beam path of the transmitted light bright field illumination during incident light fluorescence illumination and this shutter (6) is deactivated during transmitted light bright field illumination.

Abstract: A process of obtaining lutein in a high yield from green algae is described. Lutein and lutein-enriched products obtained by the process, which are suitable for use as dietary supplements and/or food additives, or cosmetic or pharmaceutical raw materials, are also described.

Abstract: A reaction medium for enzyme-catalyzed reactions is provided, comprising an oil-in-water emulsion including water, an emulsifier, an oil phase and at least one interfacially active enzyme, where the emulsion is produced by the phase inversion temperature process and has a droplet size of 50 to 400 nm. A method for the enzyme-catalyzed esterification, transesterification or hydrolysis of fatty acid alkyl esters and/or triglycerides is also provided where the oil-in-water emulsion is used as the reaction medium.

Abstract: Disclosed is a process for the preparation of active substance concentrates, which is distinguished in that an active-substance-containing starting material, (i) (a) is either brought into contact with a PIT emulsion and the mixtures are heated to a temperature above the phase inversion temperature of the PIT emulsion, where they are held for a sufficient period of time, or (b) is brought into contact with an aqueous mixture of lipids and emulsifiers, which mixture is suitable for the formation of PIT emulsions, and the mixture is heated with strong shearing to a temperature above the phase inversion temperature with in-situ formation of a PIT emulsion, where the mixture is held for a sufficient period of time, (ii) the mixtures are cooled and filtered and, if appropriate, (iii) subjected to ultrafiltration and/or (iv) a further solvent extraction.