Abstract: To perform a non-destructive condition assessment of a pipe carrying a fluid, an actual value representative of the propagation velocity of an acoustic disturbance propagating between two longitudinally separated points on the pipe is determined. A corresponding predicted value for the propagation velocity is computed as a function of at least one wall thickness parameter of the pipe by using a theoretical model for the propagation of acoustic waves in the pipe that assumes said pipe has a finite wall thickness with a predetermined circumferential thickness profile. The wall thickness parameter is then computed by matching the actual value with the predicted value, for example, by substituting the actual value in a formula predicting the theoretical value.

Abstract: A energy efficient thermal inkjet print head according to the present invention includes a plurality of the breathing nozzles configured around a main nozzle on a nozzle plate of an inkjet print head, the grouped resistors formed by the small resistors opposite the breathing nozzle building an insulation surrounding wall to enhance the spurting capability of a main heating resistor with forward kinetic energy and advantages such as ink and power saving, enhanced printing quality and efficiency and doubled speed of ink resupplying.

Abstract: A steady flow, high voltage inkjet print head for an ink cartridge, wherein an inkjet print head chip includes a plurality of heating elements, and a top edge of the heating element (that is, resistance heating element) is structural designed as an arc-shaped resistance heating element. Because geometric center (that is, heat source center) of the material of the inkjet print head chip and a bubble forming center are in a straight line, thus, deviation between the bubble center point and expected emission direction is prevented, which would otherwise result in problems in Ink spot quality, thereby providing enormous benefit to high resolution of an Inkjet printer.

Abstract: An ink refilling device of an ink cartridge for an inkjet printer is composed of at least one injection tube and at least one ink refiller, wherein a tube connector at one end of the injection tube can be inserted into an injection hole of an ordinary ink cartridge, and a tube connector at the other end of the injection tube can be connected to a needle tube which can be fixed at an ink outlet of a cap of the ink refiller. A siphon tube is connected at a bottom end of the ink outlet, and an air hole is located on the cap for connecting with ambient atmosphere. When refilling the ink, the ink inside the ink refiner can be filled into the ink cartridge through the injection tube and can be continuously supplied to a printer by a siphonage effect until it is used up, without having to switch off the printer and taking out the ink cartridge.

Abstract: Virtual channels are used to improve quality of service through a large port count switch. Data frames are sent from one small switch to another small switch within the large port count switch on virtual channels. The use of virtual channels helps prevent congestion caused by a first external source device sending data to a first external destination device from affecting a second external source device sending data to a second external destination device.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an inkjet printer ink cartridge, which configures a sponge-free ink-filling device into a combined structure of a case and an ink outlet base body, which is then attached onto a printed circuit by PECVD. A stand having a recess on the ink outlet base body thereon can be used to dispose a socket. A nozzle plate connected to a heater chip can be inserted to the socket therein. The heater chip is electrically connected to a heating element in airflow guides formed on a surface of the socket thereto. A vertical wire attached to the socket is electrically connected to the vertical wire bent on the printed circuit at an edge of the stand. Therefore, when the heater chip has been used for some time and is required to be replaced, only the nozzle plate and the heater chip are independently replaced, whereas the case and the ink outlet base body can both be repeatedly used.

Abstract: A memory apparatus includes a main memory, a redundant memory, and a substitution control unit. The main memory is configured to receive a read address and output a main data word comprising a plurality of main data sub-words where the read address includes a first portion and a second portion. The redundant memory is configured to receive the read address first portion and output a redundant data sub-word. The substitution control unit includes a substitution control word memory configured to store a plurality of substitution control words and configured to receive the read address first portion and assert a substitution control word including a substitution address second portion. The read address first portion and substitution address second portion form a substitution address. The substitution control unit asserts a substitution control signal when there is a match between the read address and the substitution address.

Abstract: To perform a non-destructive condition assessment of a pipe carrying a fluid, an actual value representative of the propagation velocity of an acoustic disturbance propagating between two longitudinally separated points on the pipe is determined. A corresponding predicted value for the propagation velocity is computed as a function of at least one wall thickness parameter of the pipe by using a theoretical model for the propagation of acoustic waves in the pipe that assumes said pipe has a finite wall thickness with a predetermined circumferential thickness profile. The wall thickness parameter is then computed by matching the actual value with the predicted value, for example, by substituting the actual value in a formula predicting the theoretical value.

Abstract: A single-poly two-transistor PMOS memory cell for multiple-time programming applications includes a PMOS floating gate transistor sharing a drain/source P+ diffusion region with a PMOS select gate transistor all formed within a first n-well. A control plate for the floating gate transistor is formed in a second n-well. A single-poly two-transitor PMOS memory cell for one-time programming applications includes a PMOS floating gate transistor having a source formed as a p+ diffusion region in a single n-well. The source is adapted to also serve as control plate for the floating gate transistor.

Abstract: A method of annealing a metal layer on a substrate in a chamber is provided. The method comprises positioning a substrate with a metal layer thereon in a chamber, removing atmospheric gases from the chamber, providing process gas to the chamber, and annealing the metal layer at a temperature greater than about 80 degrees Celsius. Also provided is a method of forming a feature on a substrate. The method comprises depositing a dielectric layer on the substrate, forming at least one opening within the dielectric layer, depositing a metal layer in the opening, positioning the substrate in an annealing chamber, removing atmospheric gases from the annealing chamber, providing process gas to the annealing chamber, and annealing the metal layer at temperature greater than about 80 degrees Celsius.

Abstract: A single-poly two-transistor PMOS memory cell for multiple-time programming applications includes a PMOS floating gate transistor sharing a drain/source P+ diffusion region with a PMOS select gate transistor all formed within a first n-well. A control plate for the floating gate transistor is formed in a second n-well. A single-poly two-transitor PMOS memory cell for one-time programming applications includes a PMOS floating gate transistor having a source formed as a p+ diffusion region in a single n-well. The source is adapted to also serve as control plate for the floating gate transistor.

Abstract: The present invention provides an environmental protection ink cartridge control chip, wherein the control chip is structured to embody a CPU control circuit, a data bus and a plurality of memory chips. The control chip is installed on an ink cartridge, and transmits signals to a printer by means of the data bus. The memory chips separately provide functionality to monitor ink amount within the original ink cartridge, set ink amount return point of the ink cartridge and restore ink amount value after the ink cartridge has reached the return point. Hence, the control chip can provide for repeated usage of the ink cartridge until the control chip malfunctions, thereby achieving effectiveness of environmental protection.

Abstract: A single-poly two-transistor PMOS memory cell for multiple-time programming applications includes a PMOS floating gate transistor sharing a drain/source P+ diffusion region with a PMOS select gate transistor all formed within a first n-well. A control plate for the floating gate transistor is formed in a second n-well. A single-poly two-transitor PMOS memory cell for one-time programming applications includes a PMOS floating gate transistor having a source formed as a p+ diffusion region in a single n-well. The source is adapted to also serve as control plate for the floating gate transistor.

Abstract: A sense amplifier circuit includes a latch circuit to enhance the speed of a sensing operation and to obviate the need for a latch circuit to capture the output value of the sense amplifier circuit. In one embodiment, first and second differential amplifiers provide a differential signal to the latch circuit. The high gain in the latch circuit resolves the differential signal to a logic signal, which is then provided to an output amplifier. In one embodiment, the differential signal is provided to the latch circuit after the differential signal across the input terminals of the first and second differential amplifiers exceeds a predetermined value.

Abstract: An inkjet printer ink cartridge, which improves upon the ink cartridge of a conventional inkjet ink cartridge, whereby need for sponge within the ink cartridge is eliminated, and a siphon device is configured within the ink cartridge. The ink cartridge utilizes a siphoning phenomenon to prevent leakage of ink from contact area of a nozzle of the inkjet printer and from an area of the siphon. Reusability of the ink cartridge is realized without affecting quality of printing of the ink cartridge, and without causing problems in environmental protection recovery.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for providing a uniform current density across an immersed surface of a substrate during an immersion process. The method includes the steps of determining a time varying area of an immersed portion of the substrate during the immersion process, and supplying a time varying current to the substrate during the immersion process, wherein the time varying current is proportional to the time varying area and is configured to provide a constant current density to the immersed portion of the substrate.

Abstract: A sense amplifier circuit includes a latch circuit to enhance the speed of a sensing operation and to obviate the need for a latch circuit to capture the output value of the sense amplifier circuit. In one embodiment, first and second differential amplifiers provide a differential signal to the latch circuit. The high gain in the latch circuit resolves the differential signal to a logic signal, which is then provided to an output amplifier. In one embodiment, the differential signal is provided to the latch circuit after the differential signal across the input terminals of the first and second differential amplifiers exceeds a predetermined value.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for providing a uniform current density across an immersed surface of a substrate during an immersion process. The method includes the steps of determining a time varying area of an immersed portion of the substrate during the immersion process, and supplying a time varying current to the substrate during the immersion process, wherein the time varying current is proportional to the time varying area and is configured to provide a constant current density to the immersed portion of the substrate.

Abstract: A method of annealing a metal layer on a substrate in a chamber is provided. The method comprises positioning a substrate with a metal layer thereon in a chamber, removing atmospheric gases from the chamber, providing process gas to the chamber, and annealing the metal layer at a temperature greater than about 80 degrees Celsius. Also provided is a method of forming a feature on a substrate. The method comprises depositing a dielectric layer on the substrate, forming at least one opening within the dielectric layer, depositing a metal layer in the opening, positioning the substrate in an annealing chamber, removing atmospheric gases from the annealing chamber, providing process gas to the annealing chamber, and annealing the metal layer at temperature greater than about 80 degrees Celsius.

Abstract: An open-type magnetic circuitry of loudspeaker includes a lower yoke having a central portion upward projected to form a bobbin, a magnet positioned on top of the bobbin, a voice coil wound around the bobbin and the magnet, and a diaphragm connected at a root portion to the voice coil. The magnetic circuitry of loudspeaker is characterized in that the lower yoke is provided at an upper side surrounding the bobbin with a plurality of radially equally spaced supporting posts, a top end of which being higher than at least a bottom side of the magnet, and that a ring-shaped upper yoke having a central hole is covered onto the top end of the supporting posts, such that heat produced by the voice coil during working could quickly dissipate via the spaces among the supporting posts. Since no heat would accumulate in the loudspeaker, the loudspeaker could always maintain good sound quality.