Abstract: Systems, methods, and apparatuses are described for compressing digital content. The digital content may comprise a plurality of frames. The plurality of frames may comprise a plurality of crossfade frames. A first boundary frame of the crossfade frames may be determined. A second boundary frame of the crossfade frames may be determined. At least a portion of the crossfade frames may be coded as inter-predicted frames using a weighting factor and based on the first boundary frame or the second boundary frame.

Abstract: Systems and methods are described herein for processing video. An encoder implementing the systems and methods described herein may receive video data comprising a plurality of frames and may partition each frame of the plurality of frames into a plurality of coding units. The encoder may then partition a coding unit into two or more prediction units. The encoder may determine, based on one or more coding parameters, a target bit rate, and characteristics of a human visual system (HVS), a coding mode for each of the two or more prediction units to minimize distortion in the encoded bitstream. The encoder may then determine a residual signal comprising a difference between each of the two or more prediction units and each of one or more corresponding prediction areas in a previously encoded frame and then generate an encoded bitstream comprising the residual signal.

Abstract: Systems and methods are described herein for processing video data. An encoder may transmit information indicating a duration that a particular frame should be displayed. The information may comprise an indication of whether the particular frame should be displayed for an increased duration. The encoder may decide during encoding, a whether the particular frame should be displayed for an increased duration (e.g., doubled, tripled, or more). The decision may be based on a similarity analysis performed by the encoder on two or more frames. Information indicating the decision may be inserted into a message, which may then be transmitted in a transport stream comprising encoded video data to a decoder. The decoder may decode the information and cause a display device to display the particular frame for the increased duration.

Abstract: Systems, apparatuses, and methods are described for encoding a scene of media content based on visual elements of the scene. A scene of media content may comprise one or more visual elements, such as individual objects in the scene. Each visual element may be classified based on, for example, the motion and/or identity of the visual element. Based on the visual element classifications, scene encoder parameters and/or visual element encoder parameters for different visual elements may be determined. The scene may be encoded using the scene encoder parameters and/or the visual element encoder parameters.

Abstract: An encoder may determine one or more encoding characteristics associated with a content segment of a content asset. The one or more encoding characteristics may comprise an estimated bitrate required for transmission of the content segment over a network. The one or more encoding characteristics associated with the content segment may be inserted into a portion of an other content segment, such as into a header of the other content segment. The content segment and the other content segment may be configured for linear transmission, such as using adaptive bitrate streaming. When the other content segment is received at a playback device prior to the content segment, the playback device may use the one or more encoding characteristics of the content segment embedded in the header of the other content segment to determine one or more playback characteristics of the content segment.

Abstract: Methods, systems, and apparatuses may encode a media content item based on metadata from previous encoding. The encoding may also generate encoding metadata, which may comprise a qualitative or quantitative characterization of the encoded media content item. A prediction engine may, based on this metadata, determine new encoding settings for the same or a different video resolution. The prediction engine may cause an encoded media content item to be stored and may cause encoding of the media content item using the new encoding settings.

Abstract: A media file may comprise a plurality of frames, each frame having a header that stores systems level information associated with the media file. A first portion of a frame that comprises the systems level information and a second portion of the frame that comprises the media content itself may be determined for one or more frames of the media file. A compressed header may be generated that comprises a subset of the systems level information associated with the media content of the frame. The compressed header may be generated by removing or compressing information that is determined to be redundant across the frames. The compressed header, as well as information for reconstructing the first frame based on the compressed header, may be sent to a device instead of the first portion of the frame, thereby reducing transmission bandwidth and storage requirements of the media file.

Abstract: An encoder may determine a plurality of coding units associated with a frame of a media file and a plurality of prediction units associated with the frame of the media file. The encoder may determine, based on the plurality of coding units associated with the frame and the plurality of prediction units associated with the frame, and based on a training of the encoder using one or more neural networks, that a particular region of the frame can be encoded using one or more encoding characteristics that are different than the encoding characteristics of one or more other particular regions of the frame. The encoder may allocate one or more encoding resources to the particular region of the frame based on the one or more encoding characteristics of the particular region of the frame in order to reduce the overall media bitrate.

Abstract: Systems and methods are described herein for processing video. A coding block of a plurality of coding blocks that are part of a video frame may be partitioned into non-rectangular prediction regions. Prediction areas may be determined based on one or more predetermined criteria that correspond to the non-rectangular prediction regions. Residual signals comprising a difference between the prediction areas and non-rectangular prediction regions may be determined. One or more pixels in the residual signals may be processed to generate processed residual signals. The processing may be based on at least one characteristic of the coding block and configured to minimize inconsistencies of pixel values along a border between the processed residual signals. The coding block comprising the processed residual signals may be encoded for transmission in a bitstream.

Abstract: Systems and methods for adaptively streaming video content to a wireless transmit/receive unit (WTRU) or wired transmit/receive unit may comprise obtaining a media presentation description that comprises a content authenticity, requesting a key for a hash-based message authentication code; receiving the key for the hash-based message authentication code, determining a determined hash for a segment of the media presentation description, requesting a reference hash for the segment from a server, receiving the reference hash for the segment from the server, and comparing the reference hash to the determined hash to determine whether the requested hash matches the determined hash.

Abstract: An apparatus comprises a processor configured to create a Dynamic Adaptive Streaming over Hypertext Transfer Protocol (DASH) media presentation description (MPD), wherein the MPD comprises an AssetIdentifier element associated with a period, wherein the AssetIdentifier element specifies that the period belongs to a certain asset, and wherein the asset is content including media and metadata together with the rights to use the content by a content provider, and a transmitter configured to transmit the MPD. An apparatus comprises a receiver configured to receive a Dynamic Adaptive Streaming over Hypertext Transfer Protocol (DASH) media presentation description (MPD), wherein the MPD comprises an AssetIdentifier element associated with a period, wherein the AssetIdentifier element specifies that the period belongs to a certain asset, and wherein the asset is content including media and metadata together with the rights to use the content by a content provider, and a processor configured to process the MPD.

Abstract: Per-segment parameters for content delivery are described herein. A manifest file for a segment and a parameter file for the segment may be sent to a user device. The parameter file may indicate one or more time ranges each corresponding to a parameter value. Requests for content segments based on the manifest file and the parameter file may be received. The user device may access the parameter file to determine a time range of the one or more time ranges into which a start time of a particular segment falls. The user device may determine a parameter value as corresponding to the determined time range. The user device may then generate a request to include the determined parameter value.

Abstract: Systems, methods, and apparatuses are described for processing video. A method may comprise receiving video content comprising a plurality of frames and determining a splitting parameter of a partitioning of at least a portion of a first frame of the plurality of frames. Deblock filtering may be implemented on at least the first frame of the plurality of frames based at least on the splitting parameter.

Abstract: Systems and methods for adaptively streaming video content to a wireless transmit/receive unit (WTRU) or wired transmit/receive unit may comprise obtaining a media presentation description that comprises a content authenticity, requesting a key for a hash-based message authentication code; receiving the key for the hash-based message authentication code, determining a determined hash for a segment of the media presentation description, requesting a reference hash for the segment from a server, receiving the reference hash for the segment from the server, and comparing the reference hash to the determined hash to determine whether the requested hash matches the determined hash.

Abstract: A method for adaptive streaming of a media content, wherein the method comprises receiving a media presentation description that provides presentation information for the media content, determining a plurality of representations from the media presentation description that comprise segments that are provided with bitrate and quality information, selecting a media segment that meets a desired quality level to download from one of the representations, updating a buffered media time for downloading the media segment, and determining when to switch to another representation by comparing the buffered media time to a switching threshold value.

Abstract: Methods and systems for in-loop filtering may comprise receiving a video comprising at least one frame. The frame may comprise at least one block of pixels. A content complexity of the block of pixels may be determined. A viewing characteristic of the video may be determined. A number of borders to be filtered may be determined based on at least one of the content complexity or the viewing characteristic. A deblocking filter strength may be determined based on at least one of the content complexity or the viewing characteristic. The number of borders of the block of pixels may be filtered according to the deblocking filter strength.

Abstract: Systems and methods are described for obfuscating variants of content segments. Variants of content segments can be used to encode an identifying sequence in a transmission of content. The variants of the content segments can each include one or more marked frames and one or more unmarked frames. Variations can be introduced into the unmarked frames for each of the variants of the content segments.

Abstract: Systems, methods, and apparatuses are described for processing video. Video content comprising a plurality of frames may be received. A viewing parameters associated with playback of the video content may be determined. One or more of luminance pixel data associated with a frame of the plurality of frames and chrominance pixel data associated with the frame is determined. A quantization matrix associated with the frame may be determined based on the viewing parameter and the one or more of luminance pixel data and chrominance pixel data.

Abstract: Systems, methods, and apparatuses are described for compressing digital content. The digital content may comprise a plurality of frames. The plurality of frames may comprise a plurality of crossfade frames. A first boundary frame of the crossfade frames may be determined. A second boundary frame of the crossfade frames may be determined. At least a portion of the crossfade frames may be coded as inter-predicted frames using a weighting factor and based on the first boundary frame or the second boundary frame.

Abstract: Systems, methods, and apparatuses are described for processing video. Video content comprising a plurality of frames may be received. One or more of luminance pixel data associated with a frame of the plurality of frames and chrominance pixel data associated with the frame may be determined. A viewing parameter associated with playback of the video content may be determined. A contrast sensitivity function (CSF) may be determined based on the frame, the one or more of the luminance pixel data and the chrominance pixel data, and the viewing parameter. A filtered frame may be determined based on the CSF and by applying a filter to a spatial frequency band associated with the frame. The filtered frame may be caused to be output.