Abstract: A condensation system is disclosed where a multi-component fluid is condensed to form a condensate, a portion of which is sub-cooled and mixed with non-condensable vapor in the system to reduce the accumulation of non-condensable vapor and to improve the stability and efficiency of the condensation system.

Abstract: A cascade power system and a method are disclosed for using a high temperature flue gas stream to directly or indirectly vaporize a lean and rich stream derived from an incoming, multi-component, working fluid stream, extract energy from these streams, condensing a spent stream and repeating the vaporization, extraction and condensation cycle.

Abstract: A cascade power system and a method are disclosed for using a high temperature flue gas stream to directly or indirectly vaporize a lean and rich stream derived from an incoming, multi-component, working fluid stream, extract energy from these streams, condensing a spent stream and repeating the vaporization, extraction and condensation cycle.

Abstract: A system and method is disclosed to increase the efficient of internal combustion engines where the system and method converts a portion of thermal energy produced in the combustion process to a usable form of energy. If the engines are used in power generation, then the system and method increases the power output of the engine significantly. If the engines are used in traditional mechanical operations such as ships, then the system and method operates to increase mechanical power output or to increase co-produced electrical energy output.

Abstract: A cascade power system and a method are disclosed for using a high temperature flue gas stream to directly or indirectly vaporize a lean and rich stream derived from an incoming, multi-component, working fluid stream, extract energy from these streams, condensing a spent stream and repeating the vaporization, extraction and condensation cycle.

Abstract: An improved combustion method and corresponding apparatus is disclosed, where the method includes oxidizing a fuel in a combustion chamber with an oxidizing stream including an air stream and a first recycled flue gas stream and mixing a produced hot flue gas stream with a second recycled flue gas stream to form reduced temperature flue gas stream which can be used directly in a power generator or to heat a reactor. The method and apparatus allow flow rates of the streams to be adjusted so that temperatures in the combustion chamber and in the heat transfer unit or units of the power generator or reactor can be kept below temperature that would thermally damage the combustion chamber, heat transfer unit or units or the reactors.

Abstract: system and method is disclosed to increase the efficient of internal combustion engines using to generate electric power, where the system and method converts a portion of thermal energy produced in the combustion process to a usable form of energy.

Abstract: A process and system for condensing a multi-component fluid is disclosed, where the process and system are designed to provide a substantial increase in a heat transfer coefficient during condensation of multi-component fluids resulting in a drastic reduction in size and cost of heat exchangers need to condense such fluids. The system and method includes a plurality of heat exchangers and at least one scrubber and splitters and mixers supporting streams that allow a mixed stream to be supplied to each heat exchange unit having parameters designed to increase, optimize or maximize the heat transfer coefficient in each heat exchanger.

Abstract: A new method, system and apparatus for power system utilizing wide temperature range heat sources and a multi-component working fluid is disclosed including a heat recovery vapor generator (HRVG) subsystem, a multi-stage energy conversion or turbine (T) subsystem and a condensation thermal compression subsystem (CTCSS) and where one or more of the streams exiting the stages of the turbine subsystem T are sent back through different portions of the HRVG to be warmed and/or cooled before being forwarded to the next stage of the turbine subsystem T. The turbine subsystem T includes at least a high pressure turbine or turbine stage (HPT) and a low pressure turbine or turbine stage (LPT) and preferably, an intermediate pressure turbine or turbine stage (IPT).

Abstract: A new thermodynamic cycle is disclosed for converting energy from a low temperature stream, external source into useable energy using a working fluid comprising of a mixture of a low boiling component and a higher boiling component and including a higher pressure circuit and a lower pressure circuit. The cycle is designed to improve the efficiency of the energy extraction process by recirculating a portion of a liquid stream prior to further cooling. The new thermodynamic processes and systems for accomplishing these improved efficiencies are especially well-suited for streams from low-temperature geothermal sources.

Abstract: A new boiler or heat transfer apparatus is disclosed for use with multi-component working fluids which includes a vapor removal apparatus designed to maintain a substantial compositional identity between the boiling liquid and its vapor along a length of the apparatus resulting in the maintenance of substantially nucleate boiling along the entire length of the apparatus. Systems incorporating the apparatus and methods for making and using the apparatus are also disclosed.

Abstract: A cascade power system is disclosed where a single basic working composition (BWC) of a multi-component working fluid stream is fully vaporized in a vaporization subsystem utilizing heat derived from a heat source stream such as a combustion gas stream and energy is extracted from the stream in a multi-stage energy extraction system. The energy extraction subsystem is designed to produce a fully spent BWC stream and a partially spent BWC stream. The fully spend BWC stream is then divided into a fully condensed lean stream and a fully condensed rich stream in a Condensation-Thermal Compression Subsystem. The partially spent stream and stream derived therefrom are used to form a second lean stream and a second rich stream and to heat the fully condensed lean stream and a combined rich stream prior to vaporization.

Abstract: New more efficient condensation and thermal compression subsystems for power plants utilizing multi-component fluids are disclosed that simplify the equipment needed to improve the overall efficiency and efficiency of the condensation and thermal compress subsystem.

Abstract: A new thermodynamic cycle is disclosed for converting energy from a moderate temperature stream, external source into useable energy using a working fluid comprising of a mixture of a low boiling component and a higher boiling component and including a higher pressure circuit and a lower pressure circuit. The cycle is designed to improve the efficiency of the energy extraction process by recirculating a portion of a liquid stream prior to further cooling. The new thermodynamic process and system for accomplishing the improved efficiency is especially well-suited for streams from moderate-temperature geothermal sources.

Abstract: A new Kalina thermodynamic cycle is disclosed where a multi-component working fluid is fully vaporized in a boiler utilizing waste heat streams such as flue gas streams from cement kilns so the energy can be extracted from the streams and converted to usable electrical or mechanical energy in a turbine subsystem and after extraction, the spent stream is fully condensed in a distillation-condensation subsystem using air and/or water coolant streams. A new method for implementing the improved Kalina thermodynamic cycle is also disclosed.

Abstract: A new thermodynamic cycle is disclosed for converting energy from a low temperature stream, external source into useable energy using a working fluid comprising of a mixture of a low boiling component and a higher boiling component and including a higher pressure circuit and a lower pressure circuit. The cycle is designed to improve the efficiency of the energy extraction process by recirculating a portion of a liquid stream prior to further cooling. The new thermodynamic processes and systems for accomplishing these improved efficiencies are especially well-suited for streams from low-temperature geothermal sources.

Abstract: A new thermodynamic cycle is disclosed for converting energy from a low temperature stream from an external source into useable energy using a working fluid comprising of a mixture of a low boiling component and a higher boiling component and including a higher pressure circuit and a lower pressure circuit. The cycle is designed to improve the efficiency of the energy extraction process by mixing the liquid stream from the high pressure circuit with the spent low pressure circuit stream forming a lean system that can be condensed at a low pressure. The new thermodynamic process and the system for accomplishing it are especially well-suited for streams from low-temperature geothermal sources.

Abstract: A new thermodynamic cycle is disclosed for converting energy from a low temperature stream, external source into useable energy using a working fluid comprising of a mixture of a low boiling component and a higher boiling component and including a higher pressure circuit and a lower pressure circuit. The cycle is designed to improve the efficiency of the energy extraction process by recirculating a portion of a liquid stream prior to further cooling. The new thermodynamic processes and systems for accomplishing these improved efficiencies are especially well-suited for streams from low-temperature geothermal sources.

Abstract: A new system and method for extracting useful work from geothermal streams is disclosed. The systems and methods of this invention can achieve an estimated 20 to 30% improvement in output efficiency. The increased efficiency is derived from a secondary energy conversion step involving a low pressure vapor stream of variable composition and a low pressure turbine, which expands the vapor stream to produce the improved efficiency.

Abstract: A new thermodynamic cycle is disclosed for converting energy from a low temperature stream from an external source into useable energy using a working fluid comprising of a mixture of a low boiling component and a high boiling component. The cycle is designed to improve the efficiency of the energy extraction process by mixing into an intermediate liquid stream an enriched liquid stream from which the energy from the external source stream is extracted in a vaporization step and converted to energy in an expansion step. The new thermodynamic process and the system for accomplishing it are especially well-suited for streams from low-temperature geothermal sources.