Abstract: A method and apparatus are described for supporting a two-stage device-to-device (D2D) discovery using a D2D interworking function (IWF). A D2D IWF component may be configured to perform mapping between an application running on an application server and a third generation partnership project (3GPP) network, and provide a set of application programming interfaces (APIs) to allow discovery to be provided as a service to D2D applications. An application identifier may be mapped to a 3GPP identifier. Further, a method and apparatus are described for performing client-server discovery. A first wireless transmit/receive unit (WTRU) may be configured for a listen-only operation, and a second WTRU may be configured to transmit beacons. The first and second WTRUs may perform a radio access network (RAN) discovery procedure at an access stratum (AS) layer. A method and apparatus for performing charging for D2D service using a D2D IWF are also described.

Abstract: A wireless transmit/receive unit (WTRU) may receive from a network resource allocation information for device to device (D2D) communication. The WTRU may select, from the received resource allocation information for a transmission time interval (TTI), resources for a D2D channel. The WTRU may transmit, with use of the selected resources, data directly to another WTRU.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for power control for distributed wireless communication is disclosed including one or more power control loops associated with a wireless transmit/receive unit (WTRU). Each power control loop may include open loop power control or closed loop power control. A multi-phase power control method is also disclosed with each phase representing a different time interval and a WTRU sends transmissions at different power levels to different set of node-Bs or relay stations during different phases to optimize communications.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for power control for distributed wireless communication is disclosed including one or more power control loops associated with a wireless transmit/receive unit (WTRU). Each power control loop may include open loop power control or closed loop power control. A multi-phase power control method is also disclosed with each phase representing a different time interval and a WTRU sends transmissions at different power levels to different set of node-Bs or relay stations during different phases to optimize communications.

Abstract: Systems and methods for enabling proximity services to be delivered as part of an application service and/or for providing tailored services and/or a differential quality of service (QoS) to a flow may be disclosed. For example, a temporary service name between an application and a server such as a D2D server may be established such that a UE and/or network may execute such a service at a later time without later involvement by the application and/or without exchanging credentials for the application with the network and vice versa.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus are described. A wireless transmit/receive unit (WTRU) includes a transceiver and a processor operatively coupled to the transceiver. The transceiver and the processor establish a connection with a first wireless network node and a second wireless network node. The transceiver and the processor also receive power configurations and timing advances from the first wireless network node independently of the second wireless network node. The transceiver and the processor also simultaneously receive downlink signals from both the first wireless network node and the second wireless network node. The downlink signals are independently scheduled by a scheduler of the first wireless network node and a scheduler of the second wireless network node.

Abstract: A method and apparatus are provided to enable or aid network-controlled selection of an IP address (and anchor) to be used by a WTRU on an application/service basis. In one example, a method is provided for a WTRU to establish a link with a gateway, transmit a query related to a selected application via the gateway, receive an advertisement for an internet protocol (IP) address, and use the IP address to communicate via the gateway with respect to the selected application. It may be assumed that there are more than one possible IP address/anchor available for the WTRU to use, as it might be the case in a mobility environment, in which an operator can provide addresses with different mobility capabilities.

Abstract: A method and apparatus are provided to enable or aid network-controlled selection of an IP address (and anchor) to be used by a WTRU on an application/service basis. In one example, a method is provided for a WTRU to establish a link with a gateway, transmit a query related to a selected application via the gateway, receive an advertisement for an internet protocol (IP) address, and use the IP address to communicate via the gateway with respect to the selected application. It may be assumed that there are more than one possible IP address/anchor available for the WTRU to use, as it might be the case in a mobility environment, in which an operator can provide addresses with different mobility capabilities.

Abstract: A wireless transmit/receive unit (WTRU) may receive from a network resource allocation information for device to device (D2D) communication. The WTRU may select, from the received resource allocation information for a transmission time interval (TTI), resources for a D2D channel. The WTRU may transmit, with use of the selected resources, data directly to another WTRU.

Abstract: Systems and methods for providing multiple connections or interfaces at the same time may be disclosed herein. For example, in an embodiment, a first RRC connection may be established between a wireless transmit and receive unit (WTRU) or user equipment (UE) and a network node such as an eNB and a second RRC connection may be established between the WTRU or UE and the network node such as the eNB or another network node such as another eNB. The first RRC connection and the second RRC connections may then be maintained in parallel (e.g. at the same time).

Abstract: A method and apparatus are described for supporting a two-stage device-to-device (D2D) discovery using a D2D interworking function (IWF). A D2D IWF component may be configured to perform mapping between an application running on an application server and a third generation partnership project (3GPP) network, and provide a set of application programming interfaces (APIs) to allow discovery to be provided as a service to D2D applications. An application identifier may be mapped to a 3GPP identifier. Further, a method and apparatus are described for performing client-server discovery. A first wireless transmit/receive unit (WTRU) may be configured for a listen-only operation, and a second WTRU may be configured to transmit beacons. The first and second WTRUs may perform a radio access network (RAN) discovery procedure at an access stratum (AS) layer. A method and apparatus for performing charging for D2D service using a D2D IWF are also described.

Abstract: A wireless transmit/receive unit (WTRU) may receive from a network resource allocation information for device to device (D2D) communication. The WTRU may select, from the received resource allocation information for a transmission time interval (TTI), resources for a D2D channel. The WTRU may transmit, with use of the selected resources, data directly to another WTRU.

Abstract: Systems and methods for providing multiple connections or interfaces at the same time may be disclosed herein. For example, in an embodiment, a first RRC connection may be established between a wireless transmit and receive unit (WTRU) or user equipment (UE) and a network node such as an eNB and a second RRC connection may be established between the WTRU or UE and the network node such as the eNB or another network node such as another eNB. The first RRC connection and the second RRC connections may then be maintained in parallel (e.g. at the same time).

Abstract: Techniques for sending an aggregated beacon in a cognitive wireless network are disclosed. A beacon device may segment beacon information and send beacon segments via a plurality of channels simultaneously. A certain information elements of the beacon information may be included in each beacon segment. Each beacon segment may include channel information for other beacon segments that are transmitted simultaneously. Alternatively, a discovery beacon may be transmitted in addition to a regular beacon. The discovery beacon may include information indicating an operating channel on which the regular beacon is transmitted. The discovery beacon may be transmitted using a predetermined channel bandwidth, with a smaller beacon interval than the regular beacon, or in a frequency hopping fashion. The discovery beacon may be sent on a channel selected based on a regulatory class and corresponding channel information. The discovery beacon may be transmitted on a side channel.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for power control for distributed wireless communication is disclosed including one or more power control loops associated with a wireless transmit/receive unit (WTRU). Each power control loop may include open loop power control or closed loop power control. A multi-phase power control method is also disclosed with each phase representing a different time interval and a WTRU sends transmissions at different power levels to different set of node-Bs or relay stations during different phases to optimize communications.

Abstract: A method and apparatus are described for supporting a two-stage device-to-device (D2D) discovery using a D2D interworking function (IWF). A D2D IWF component may be configured to perform mapping between an application running on an application server and a third generation partnership project (3GPP) network, and provide a set of application programming interfaces (APIs) to allow discovery to be provided as a service to D2D applications. An application identifier may be mapped to a 3GPP identifier. Further, a method and apparatus are described for performing client-server discovery. A first wireless transmit/receive unit (WTRU) may be configured for a listen-only operation, and a second WTRU may be configured to transmit beacons. The first and second WTRUs may perform a radio access network (RAN) discovery procedure at an access stratum (AS) layer. A method and apparatus for performing charging for D2D service using a D2D IWF are also described.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus are described. A wireless transmit/receive unit (WTRU) includes a transceiver and a processor operatively coupled to the transceiver. The transceiver and the processor establish a connection with a first wireless network node and a second wireless network node. The transceiver and the processor also receive power configurations and timing advances from the first wireless network node independently of the second wireless network node. The transceiver and the processor also simultaneously receive downlink signals from both the first wireless network node and the second wireless network node. The downlink signals are independently scheduled by a scheduler of the first wireless network node and a scheduler of the second wireless network node.

Abstract: Embodiments include methods, systems, and apparatuses for content delivery using shared caching, and more specifically, a browser cache extension (BCE) between a local browser cache and a remote cache located on an edge server. In an embodiment, a remote BCE function on the edge server may create a shared cache folder containing a remote cache and an remote cache index file. A local BCE function in the local browser may be able to access the shared cache folder via a network file system (NFS) protocol. The local BCE function may merge the remote index file with a local index file from the local browser and retrieve the remote cache at the local browser.

Abstract: A method and apparatus are described for supporting advanced distributed and dynamic mobility management (DMM) features with multiple flows anchored at different gateways. A software defined networking (SDN) controller may support the attachment of a wireless transmit/receive unit (WTRU) to a network. The SDN controller may receive initial attachment signaling from a point of attachment (PoA) indicating that the WTRU initially attached to the network. The anchor node may be a distributed gateway (D-GW). The SDN controller may select an anchor node to serve the WTRU Internet protocol (IP) flow traffic. Initial attachment signaling, intra-anchor node handover, inter-anchor node handover, new anchor node allocation and inter-domain mobility across virtualized operators are also described.

Abstract: Techniques for sending an aggregated beacon in a cognitive wireless network are disclosed. A beacon device may segment beacon information and send beacon segments via a plurality of channels simultaneously. A certain information elements of the beacon information may be included in each beacon segment. Each beacon segment may include channel information for other beacon segments that are transmitted simultaneously. Alternatively, a discovery beacon may be transmitted in addition to a regular beacon. The discovery beacon may include information indicating an operating channel on which the regular beacon is transmitted. The discovery beacon may be transmitted using a predetermined channel bandwidth, with a smaller beacon interval than the regular beacon, or in a frequency hopping fashion. The discovery beacon may be sent on a channel selected based on a regulatory class and corresponding channel information. The discovery beacon may be transmitted on a side channel.