Abstract: Disclosed herein is an electrochromic apparatus. In particular, the apparatus is a multi-layer structure mainly having transparent glass substrates. An aerogel with multiple holes is packaged within the structure. The conducting materials are coated on the substrates. An electrochromic material is then packaged within the layers of conducting materials. By applying voltage onto the conducting materials, the property of electrochromic material may be changed, such as changing its transparency or color. Further, photocatalyst material may be coated upon the outside surfaces of the substrates. A solar energy power layer may be disposed on the substrate for supplying power to the apparatus or to others. In accordance with one further embodiment, an electrochromic composite material may be employed into the apparatus, especially packaged within the substrates. The composite material is made of the aerogel and the electrochromic material.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a 3D image visual effect processing method comprising the steps of providing a 3D image, and the 3D image being composed of a plurality of objects, and each of the objects having object coordinates; providing a cursor, and the cursor having cursor coordinates; determining whether or not the cursor coordinates are coincident with the object coordinates of one of the objects; changing a depth coordinate parameter corresponding to the object coordinates of the plurality of object, if the cursor coordinates are coincident with the object coordinates of one of the objects; and redrawing an image of the object matched with the cursor coordinates. Therefore, the invention can highlight the 3D image of an image corresponding to the cursor to enhance the visual effect and interaction.

Abstract: A grating structure of a 2D/3D switching display device comprises: a first transparent substrate, a first transparent conductive film; a second transparent substrate, and a second transparent conductive film disposed with an interval apart with each other on a side of the first transparent conductive film, such that a potential difference is produced between the first transparent conductive film and the second transparent conductive film; a solution type electrochromic material, disposed between the two transparent conductive films; an isolating element, made of an inorganic material, and disposed on a side of the second transparent conductive film; and a conductive wire layer, disposed on a lateral periphery of the first transparent conductive film and/or the second transparent conductive film. After the conductive wire layer is electrically conducted, the conductive wire layer with a low resistance accelerates the conduction of current, so as to improve the efficiency and uniformity of coloration.

Abstract: A vehicle includes a power source, a motor, and a computing device. The power source provides electrical energy to the motor, and the motor generates rotational motion from the electrical energy received. The computing device is configured to estimate a temperature of the motor in real time based at least in part on a thermal model of the motor. The thermal model includes a plurality of nodes and at least one thermal resistance. Each node represents a region of the motor and each thermal resistance represents a heat transfer path between at least two of the nodes. A method includes solving one or more energy balance equations to determine a temperature change at each node and estimating the temperature of the motor in real time based at least in part on the temperature change at each node and at least one of the thermal resistances in the thermal model.

Abstract: A method for fault diagnosis for a rotor of an electric motor, the electric motor also having a stator, includes the steps of generating, via a processor, a measured motor current for the stator, determining, via the processor, a resolver angle of the rotor, determining, via the processor, a flux angle of the rotor, calculating, via the processor, a transformation angle using the resolver angle and the flux angle, conducting, via the processor, a transformation of the motor current using the transformation angle, and identifying, via the processor, a fault condition based on the transformation.

Abstract: In a light-transmitting vibration unit and the module thereof, which the vibration unit comprises a first and a second substrates stacked sequentially with each other, and made of a conductive polymer material, such that both first and second substrates have light transmittance and uniform resistance, and after a vibration driven component is electrically coupled to the first and second substrates, an electric field will be acted for converting electric energy into mechanical energy to produce vibrations. If the vibration unit is coupled directly to a touch-sensitive display unit, an image displayed by the touch-sensitive display unit will be able to pass through the vibration unit, and the vibrations produced by the vibration unit will be more directly transmitted to a touch object.

Abstract: A 3D image display device includes a display module, an electrochromic module, a control unit and a sensing unit. The electrochromic module has a first electrochromic element and a second electrochromic element disposed in the different direction, and the electrochromic element is a solution type electrochromic material, and the valence of ions in the material is changed to produce a quick and uniform coloration. The display device transmits a detect signal of the sensing unit to the control unit, and the control unit controls the coloration/decoloration of the first and second electrochromic elements to switch the horizontal or vertical parallax barrier, such that viewers can view a 3D image from different viewing angles and directions.

Abstract: In a touch control electrochromic device such as a resistive or capacitive touch panel, the electrochromic device combined with a resistive touch panel includes a resistive touch panel unit having a first transparent conductive substrate and a second conductive substrate; an electrochromic material, which is a pure liquid filled into the resistive touch panel unit; an insulator installed at internal peripheries of the first transparent conductive substrate and the second conductive substrate; and a controller electrically coupled to the resistive touch panel unit for turning on/off an external power source of the electrochromic material by an external touch control signal. The resistive touch panel unit directly drives the coloration/decoloration of the electrochromic material to achieve the effect of a power saving window or smart glass.

Abstract: Methods, system and apparatus are provided for estimating rotor angular position and angular velocity during a position sensor fault, and for verifying the accuracy or inaccuracy of a position sensor's outputs based on the estimated rotor angular position and angular velocity of the rotor following a position sensor fault.

Abstract: A 3D image display device includes a display module, an electrochromic module, a control element and a sensing element. The display module is provided for generating a left-eye image and a right-eye image. The electrochromic module is comprised of a first transparent substrate, a first transparent conductive element, a plurality of first electrochromic elements, an electrolyte layer, a plurality of second electrochromic elements, a second transparent conductive element and a second transparent substrate. The second electrochromic elements are arranged orthogonally with the first electrochromic elements. The control element is provided for switching the voltage of the first and second transparent conductive elements. The sensing element is provided for sensing a rotating direction of the 3D image display device and transmitting a sensing signal to the control element to change the color of the first or second electrochromic element, so as to produce a parallax barrier.

Abstract: A 3D/2D display device switching module installed to the front side of a display device includes a first axle and a second axle installed on both sides of the display device respectively, and a thin film unit looped between the two axles. The first axle is coupled to a first power source. The thin film unit has a transparent area and at least one grating area. After the first power source drives the first axle to rotate clockwise or counterclockwise, the transparent area or the grating area is switched to align with the display device to produce a 3D/2D display effect. In addition, the present invention further includes a containing box installed at the backside of the display device for stacking and accommodating the thin film unit with more different types of grating areas.

Abstract: A 2D/3D image switching display device includes an image display unit and an image switching unit coupled to a surface of the image display unit, and the image switching unit includes a first substrate, a second substrate, first and second conducting elements corresponding to the first and second substrates respectively, and an electrochromic unit installed between the first and second substrates, and the electrochromic unit includes a first electrochromic layer and a second electrochromic layer combined with each other, such that when the image display unit switches its display from the display of planar images to stereo images, the electrochromic layers turn to a dark light-shading condition for a better light-shielding effect, and moire patterns will not be produced after naked eyes receive left and right eye images of a stereo image, and the display device can display stereo images directly without requiring an additional parallax barrier device.

Abstract: In an electrochromic module and a stereo image display device having the electrochromic module, the electrochromic module includes a first substrate, a second substrate, at least one electrochromic layer and at least one ion layer. The first substrate upper surface includes at least one first electrically conductive element disposed between the first substrate and the second substrate. The ion layer is formed on a surface of the electrochromic layer and prepared by mixing and dissolving at least one organic material and at least one inorganic material in a solvent. The ion layer not only serves as an ion provider, but also acts as an electrochromic material of an accessory color change layer for improving the difference of the optical transmittance. By the shifting and transmission of electrons between the organic and inorganic materials, the electrochromic module has the advantages of fast and uniform color change and smaller driving voltage.

Abstract: In an electrochromic module combined with organic and inorganic materials and a display device combined with the module, the display device has the electrochromic module installed on a surface of an image display module, and the electrochromic module comprises a first transparent substrate, a second transparent substrate, and a transparent conductive element and an electrochromic layer disposed between the substrates, and the electrochromic layer is made of mixing an organic material and an inorganic material into a solvent. With the transfer of electrons between the organic and inorganic materials, the valence of ions of the materials is changed. By gaining electrons for a reduction, and losing electrons for an oxidation, a color change is achieved, and the invention has the advantages of high speed, uniformity, and a low driving voltage.

Abstract: In an electrochromic module and a display device integrated with the electrochromic module, the electrochromic module is installed on a surface of the display device and includes a first transparent substrate and a second transparent substrate. A transparent conductive element and an electrochromic layer are disposed between the two substrates, and the material of the electrochromic layer is prepared by dissolving an indicator into a solvent, and electrons are used to change the valence of ions inside the material, such that a coloration is resulted from reduction and oxidation caused by supplying and removing electrons to the ions respectively, and the electrochromic coloration rate is quicker and more uniform than present existing electrochromic materials. Unlike achromic mechanism that produces a decoloration by the oxidation and reduction of organic electrochromic materials, the electrochromic module and the display device have the advantages of a quick decoloration and a small driving voltage.

Abstract: Methods and systems are provided for diagnosing faults of a rotor of an electric motor. A current is obtained for an inverter using a sensor. A preliminary angle is determined by a control unit or processor using a resolver angle of the rotor. A transformation is conducted by the control unit or processor using a transformation angle that is equal to a multiplier multiplied by the preliminary angle. A fault condition is identified via the control unit or processor using the transformation.

Abstract: A manufacturing method of a 3D display device and a grating device provides a photopolymerization polymer solution, an electrochromic solution and at least one transparent conductive substrate are provided; mixes a specific quantity X of the photopolymerization polymer solution with a specific quantity Y of the electrochromic solution to produce a grating manufacturing solution; places the grating manufacturing solution between two transparent conductive substrates or at a side of a transparent conductive substrate; projects light through a photomask onto the grating manufacturing solution which is cured to form a transparent fence-shaped isolating element, and a portion of the grating manufacturing solution remains at a fluid state. The devices are manufactured in a primary manufacturing step to improve the manufacturing efficiency.

Abstract: In an electrochromic unit and a display device using the electrochromic unit, the electrochromic unit includes a first transparent substrate, a second transparent substrate, and a transparent conductive element and an electrochromic layer formed between the substrates, and electrons are used for changing the valence of ions of an electrochromic material, such that a reduction is resulted by supplying electrons and an oxidation is resulted by removing electrons to change colors, and the electrochromic coloration rate is quicker and more uniform and the driving voltage is smaller than those of the present existing electrochromic materials. A coloration/decoloration electrochromism can be achieved in a different way than the method of applying the dual addition and dual removal of ions and electrons in organic/inorganic electrochromic material.

Abstract: A 2D/3D image switching display device includes an image display unit and an image switching unit coupled to the image display unit. The image switching unit includes first and second transparent substrates and first and second transparent conducting elements installed on the first and second transparent substrates respectively. An electrochromic layer and an electrolytic layer are formed on the first and second transparent substrates sequentially. The electrochromic layer produce a color change according to the switching status of the image display unit After a stereo image divided into left and right eye images is received by naked eyes, no moire pattern will be produced, so that no additional light shielding device using a parallax barrier is required for displaying stereo images, and the 2D/3D image switching display device can change a light-shielding angle for adjusting a stereo image display according to the viewing angle.

Abstract: In a touch panel manufacturing method and a structure thereof, an icon layer is formed at the periphery of a transparent substrate surface, and a plurality of first conducting wires and a plurality of second conducting wires are installed on a first lateral surface and a second lateral surface of the icon layer respectively, and the first conducting wires are covered onto transparent substrate surface, and a plurality of insulating blocks are arranged with an interval from each other on the first conducting wires, and finally a plurality of first sensing blocks and a plurality of second sensing blocks are formed, and the plurality of first sensing blocks are covered onto the first conducting wires on both sides of the insulating blocks, and the plurality of second sensing blocks are connected to other two sides of the insulating blocks.