Abstract: Molten metal is injected uniformly into a horizontal mold from a feed chamber in a horizontal or vertical direction at a controlled rate, directly on top of the metal already within the mold. A cooling medium is applied to the bottom surface of the mold, with the type and flow rate of the cooling medium being varied to produce a controlled cooling rate throughout the casting process. The rate of introduction of molten metal and the flow rate of the cooling medium are both controlled to produce a relatively uniform solidification rate within the mold, thereby producing a uniform microstructure throughout the casting, and low stresses throughout the casting.

Abstract: An apparatus for floating read bitlines of a static random access memory (SRAM) is disclosed. The SRAM includes a first and second SRAM cell columns, a first and second read bitlines, and a multiplexor. The multiplexor is coupled to the first and second SRAM cell columns via the first and second read bitlines, respectively. The multiplexor is capable of selectively transmitting data from the first or second SRAM cell column via the first or second read bitline, respectively, to an output. In addition, the multiplexor allows the first read bitline and/or the second read bitline to remain uncharged when no data are being read from the first SRAM cell column and/or the second SRAM cell column.

Abstract: Molten metal is injected uniformly into a horizontal mold from a feed chamber in a horizontal or vertical direction at a controlled rate, directly on top of the metal already within the mold. A cooling medium is applied to the bottom surface of the mold, with the type and flow rate of the cooling medium being varied to produce a controlled cooling rate throughout the casting process. The rate of introduction of molten metal and the flow rate of the cooling medium are both controlled to produce a relatively uniform solidification rate within the mold, thereby producing a uniform microstructure throughout the casting, and low stresses throughout the casting.

Abstract: A system and method of selective row energization based on write data, with a selective row energization system including a storage array 102 having M rows 104 and N columns 106; an N-bit data word register 108; a uniform-detect circuit 110 responsive to a data word to generate a uniform word data bit having a first value when the data word is uniform; an M-bit uniform-detect register 112 having M uniform-detect latches 114, each being associated with one of the M rows 104 and storing the uniform word data bit for the data word stored in the associated M row 104; and an M-bit row driver device 116 responsive to the uniform word data bit for each of the M rows 104 to inhibit energization of the M rows 104 for which the uniform word data bit is the first value.

Abstract: Molten metal is injected uniformly into a horizontal mold from a feed chamber in a horizontal direction at a controlled rate, directly on top of the metal already within the mold. A cooling medium is applied to the bottom surface of the mold, with the type and flow rate of the cooling medium being varied to produce a controlled cooling rate throughout the casting process. The rate of introduction of molten metal and the flow rate of the cooling medium are both controlled to produce a relatively uniform solidification rate within the mold, thereby producing a uniform microstructure throughout the casting, and low stresses throughout the casting.

Abstract: A DC casting mold for casting molten metal alloy comprising a cooled tubular body that has a thermally insulated insert attached to its top surface. The thermally insulated insert has a bottom portion with a beveled sidewall, which forms an angle with the horizontal melt surface layer of the molten metal and creates an eddy. The eddy causes a substantial number of oxides that are formed during the casting process to remain in the bottom sidewall portion of the thermally insulated insert of the mold, thereby substantially reducing the number of ingot surface imperfections that promote ingot cracking. In addition, the eddy promotes break-up of the oxides into smaller pieces as the oxides flow toward the cooled inner walls of the cooled tubular body, thereby having limited surface area for growth of oxide folds. A method of casting molten metal alloys with improved surface quality is also disclosed.

Abstract: A method for decreasing the diffusion of dopant atoms in the active region, as well as the interdiffusion of different types of dopant atoms among adjacent doped regions, of optoelectronic devices is disclosed. The method of the present invention employs a plurality of InAlAs and/or InGaAlAs layers to avoid the direct contact between the dopant atoms and the active region, and between the dopant atoms in adjacent blocking structures of optoelectronic devices. A semi-insulating buried ridge structure, as well as a ridge structure, in which the interdiffusion of different types of dopant atoms is suppressed are also disclosed.

Abstract: A method for decreasing the diffusion of dopant atoms in the active region, as well as the interdiffuision of different types of dopant atoms among adjacent doped regions, of optoelectronic devices is disclosed. The method of the present invention employs a plurality of InAlAs and/or InGaAlAs layers to avoid the direct contact between the dopant atoms and the active region, and between the dopant atoms in adjacent blocking structures of optoelectronic devices. A semi-insulating buried ridge structure, as well as a ridge structure, in which the interdiffusion of different types of dopant atoms is suppressed are also disclosed.

Abstract: A method for decreasing the diffusion of dopant atoms in the active region, as well as the interdiffusion of different types of dopant atoms among adjacent doped regions, of optoelectronic devices is disclosed. The method of the present invention employs a plurality of InAlAs and/or InGaAlAs layers to avoid the direct contact between the dopant atoms and the active region, and between the dopant atoms in adjacent blocking structures of optoelectronic devices. A semi-insulating buried ridge structure, as well as a ridge structure, in which the interdiffusion of different types of dopant atoms is suppressed are also disclosed.

Abstract: A building material is composed of a co- or ter-polymer of (i) a material selected from carboxylic acid, sulfonic acid, phosphonic acid, a amide form thereof or mixtures thereof and (ii) at least one polyethylene glycol monoallyl ether sulfate and a binding material of cement or gypsum. This building material can be used throughout the construction industry in many applications because the superplasticizer provides improved fluidity and yet is economical and efficient.

Abstract: A substrate system for receiving a deposit of sprayed metal droplets including a movable outer substrate on which the sprayed metal droplets are deposited. The substrate system also includes an inner substrate disposed adjacent the outer substrate where the sprayed metal droplets are deposited on the outer substrate. The inner substrate includes zones of differing thermal conductivity to resist substrate layer porosity and to resist formation of large grains and coarse constituent particles in a bulk layer of the metal droplets which have accumulated on the outer substrate. A spray forming apparatus and associated method of spray forming a molten metal to form a metal product using the substrate system of the invention is also provided.

Abstract: A method and apparatus is provided for producing a porous metal. The method broadly includes the steps of first, providing a molten metal and second, introducing a gas into said molten metal. The method then includes spray casting the molten metal containing the gas onto a surface thereby producing the porous metal. The method further provides for controlling the amount and size of the porosity contained within the porous metal by controlling the parameters at which the gas is introduced into the molten metal, as well as, controlling the parameters surrounding the spray casting of the molten metal. Additionally, the method also provides for producing a porous metal having either an isolated or interconnected pore structure. The present invention also provides for a porous metal product, as well as a porous aluminum alloy product, made by the described method. The apparatus includes a means for containing the molten metal wherein the containing means has a discharge end.

Abstract: A substrate system for receiving a deposit of sprayed metal droplets including a movable outer substrate on which the sprayed metal droplets are deposited. The substrate system also includes an inner substrate disposed adjacent the outer substrate where the sprayed metal droplets are deposited on the outer substrate. The inner substrate includes zones of differing thermal conductivity to resist substrate layer porosity and to resist formation of large grains and coarse constituent particles in a bulk layer of the metal droplets which have accumulated on the outer substrate. A spray forming apparatus and associated method of spray forming a molten metal to form a metal product using the substrate system of the invention is also provided.

Abstract: A mortar cement composition is composed of a cement or ground portland cement clinker, ground limestone and/or lime, sand, a sufficient amount of water to render the composition flowable, and at least one water-soluble polymer present in the amount having a lower limit of about 0.001 wt % and an upper limit of about 0.04 wt % based on total dry weight of the ingredients, with the proviso that the extent of adsorption of the polymer onto the cement is less than 50%, and wherein the resulting mortar has 8-16% air content and greater than 70 psi flexural bond strength. This mortar cement composition is for use in building structures in all seismic zones.

Abstract: A transient control system for a gas turbine controller that cooperates with a droop speed governor to generate fuel commands regulating fuel flow to combustors of the gas turbine. The transient control system provides compensation for variations in the power output of a gas turbine while the turbine is in transient phase operation. A proportional plus integral controller in the transient control system establishes a power output set point at the initiation of a transfer phase and compares the set point to the current power output of the gas turbine. An output signal indicative of the current power output and its set point generated by the proportional plus integral controller is applied to the droop governor to compensate for variations in the power output of the gas turbine during the transient phase.

Abstract: Heteroepitaxial growth of phosphorus-containing III/V semiconductor material (e.g., InGaAsP) on a non-planar surface of a different phosphorus-containing III/V semiconductor material (e.g., InP) is facilitated by heating the non-planar surface in a substantially evacuated chamber to a mass-transport temperature, and exposing the surface to a flux of at least phosphorus form a solid phosphorus source. This mass-transport step is followed by in situ growth of the desired semiconductor material, with at least an initial portion of the growth being done at a first growth temperature that is not greater than the mass transport temperature. Growth typically is completed at a second growth temperature higher than the first growth temperature. A significant aspect of the method is provision of the required fluxes (e.g., phosphorus, arsenic, indium, gallium) from solid sources, resulting in hydrogen-free mass transport and growth, which can be carried out at lower temperatures than is customary in the prior art.

Abstract: The disclosed novel method of making III/V semiconductor lasers involves cleaving of the wafer along predetermined cleavage planes. A cleavage plane is defined by means of aligned non-continuous depressions. The depressions are spaced from the laser contact regions, and typically are V-grooves produced by photolithography and anisotropic etching. A further surface feature, typically a precisely positioned scribe mark, facilitates cleavage initiation. When carried out in vacuum the novel method can provide high quality, accurately positioned cleavage surfaces, and consequently can facilitate increased yield of high power lasers.

Abstract: A trip oil system automatically controls the fuel shut-off valves in an industrial gas turbine. The trip oil system applies hydraulic pressure to actuate and hold open a fuel shut-off valve so that fuel flows to the combustor of the gas turbine. When the trip oil system relieves the hydraulic pressure, the fuel shut-off valve closes and stops the fuel flow to the combustor. A bank of three solenoid valves controls the application of hydraulic pressure to each fuel shut-off valve. Hydraulic fluid conduits interconnect the three solenoid valves such that no single valve by itself can relieve the hydraulic pressure applied to the fuel shut-off valve. During normal operation of the gas turbine, all three redundant solenoid valves are activated. For the trip oil system to cause the fuel shut-off valve to close, at least two of the solenoid valves must de-energize to relieve pressure to the fuel shut-off valve.

Abstract: A pen/hand torch combination device having a metal cylinder mounted on the pen holder to hold a battery, a holder mounted one end of the metal cylinder to hold a lamp socket with a lamp bulb, an insulator mounted between the cylinder and the holder to hold a pen clip, and a top socket mounted on the holder to hold a reflector above the lamp bulb, wherein when the pen clip is depressed to contact the cylinder, the battery is electrically connected to the lamp socket, causing the lamp bulb turned on; when the pen clip is released from the metal cylinder, the lamp bulb is turned off.

Abstract: This invention relates to a flashlight and in particular to one including, a tubular barrel with internal threads at one end and external threads at another end, a packing ring fitted with the end of the tubular barrel with external threads, a head threadedly engaged with the end of the tubular barrel with external threads, a socket fitted in the head, a light bulb fitted in the socket, a reflector mounted on the socket, a piece of glass disposed on the reflector, and a switch assembly including a switch having a center threaded hole, two packing rings, a tail seat threadedly engaged with the end of the tubular barrel with internal threads and having a hexagonal recess, a hexagonal nut fitted in the hexagonal recess, and a screw having a first threaded portion engaged with the hexagonal nut and a second threaded portion engaged with a center threaded hole of the switch, whereby the flashlight may be switched on or off simply by turning the switch at its tail end.