Abstract: In the method for operating an interference multiple access communications system, wherein the improvement comprises the steps of employing a distributed scheduler within a Media Access Controller (MAC) for Multiuser Detection (MUD) enabled Mobile Ad-hoc Networks (MANETS) to increase spectral efficiency by increasing spectral use and providing a way to dynamically allocate virtual channels to achieve maximum channel reuse in different network topologies and different link patterns and to ameliorate any hidden or exposed node problems.

Abstract: A method of providing medium access control for a wireless mobile ad hoc network includes defining a TDMA network timing frame including a data (DATA) zone having one or more time slots structured to support multiuser detection (MUD) of concurrent transmissions during each slot, a negative acknowledgment (NACK) zone during which nodes transmit requests for retransmission of packets destined to but not successfully received by the nodes, a broadcast (BC) zone during which network management messages are broadcast to the nodes, and a control (CTRL) zone. A primary master (PM) node is selected and operates as a source of network time for all the nodes. Each node synchronizes its time to that of the PM node during the CTRL zone in a distributed manner, by exchanging control messages with the PM node or other nodes located one or more hops from the PM node.

Abstract: A lithium-ion battery comprises a positive electrode, a negative electrode, an electrolyte system and an ion-selective conducting layer disposed between the positive electrode and the negative electrode. The ion-selective conducting layer consists of high polymers and an inorganic lithium salt having lithium-ion conductivity, or consists of the inorganic lithium salt. The inorganic lithium salt includes LimMnOx, wherein the values of the m and n ensure the LimMnOx an electrically neutral compound, M is selected from at least one of B, P, Si, Se, Zr, W, Ti, Te, Ta, Al and As. The lithium-ion battery has a conduction layer having preference-selective conductivity for the lithium ions and disposed between the positive electrode and the negative electrode. The selective-conduction layer has improved mobility for lithium ions. Metal ions generated from the oxidized metal current collector at the negative electrode due to the over-charging of the battery can be blocked.

Abstract: The invention is generally related to MCs containing sorghum centromere sequences. In addition, the invention provides for methods of generating plants transformed with these MCs. MCs with novel compositions and structures are used to transform plants cells which are in turn used to generate the plant. Methods for generating the plant include methods for delivering the MC into plant cell to transform the cell, methods for selecting the transformed cell, and methods for isolating plants transformed with the MC.

Abstract: Blends of syndiotactic 1,2-polybutadiene and rubbery elastomers are prepared by a process that comprises polymerizing 1,3-butadiene monomer into syndiotactic 1,2-polybutadiene within a rubber cement of an elastomeric terpolymer by using a chromium-based, molybdenum-based, or iron-based catalyst composition. Polymer composition comprising the blend with improved properties is also provided.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the field of wireless communications technologies, and discloses a method and device for pre-coding and a method and device for decoding. The present invention implements an interference alignment method with excellent performance, can effectively increase the capacity of a multi-user interference system and reduce the mutual interference among users, The method for pre-coding includes: calculating a pre-coding matrix for each transmitting end according to a sum of mean square errors of data vectors to be transmitted by each transmitting ends; and using the pre-coding matrix to pre-code the data to be transmitted by each transmitting end. The present invention has broad application prospects, for example, can be used in LTE and LTE-Advanced CoMP technology.

Abstract: Apparatus, computer-readable storage medium and a method executed by a computer for tracing the memory accesses of an object-oriented program comprises assigning a unique identification to each class object created from at least one class in the object-oriented program by modifying a class definition of the at least one class. In response to an unloading of one of the class objects, obtaining class unloading related information from a runtime environment of the object-oriented program and obtaining the unique identification of the unloaded class object according to the returned information. Then releasing memory space assigned to the unloaded class object for storing the memory access information of the unloaded class object.

Abstract: A method of forming printed circuit boards and packaging substrates. After blind vias are created in a dielectric layer, a first seed layer is provided in the vias and on the dielectric layer. Copper is applied to fill the vias and to form a copper layer over the vias and over the first seed layer. The first seed layer and the copper layer are removed and a second seed layer is formed on the dielectric layer and the exposed surfaces of the vias. A wire pattern is then formed using a photo-sensitive thin film applied to the second seed layer, and the wires in the wire pattern are thickened. The photo-sensitive thin film and the exposed portions of the second seed layer are removed to form a first conductive pattern of wires. The process may be repeated to form a second conductive pattern of wires on the first pattern.

Abstract: Carbon nanotubes were prepared by coating a substrate with a coating solution including a suitable solvent, a soluble polymer, a metal precursor having a first metal selected from iron, nickel, cobalt, and molybdenum, and optionally a second metal selected from aluminum and magnesium, and also a binding agent that forms a complex with the first metal and a complex with the second metal. The coated substrate was exposed to a reducing atmosphere at elevated temperature, and then to a hydrocarbon in the reducing atmosphere. The result was decomposition of the polymer and formation of carbon nanotubes on the substrate. The carbon nanotubes were often in the form of an array on the substrate.

Abstract: A mode-locked fiber laser comprising a multicomponent glass fiber doped with a trivalent rare-earth ion of thulium and/or holmium and including a fiber-optic based passive saturable absorber that contains an adhesive material mixed with a saturable absorbing components and is disposed along the length of an optical fiber such as to assure that a mode propagating within the fiber spatially overlaps with the volume occupied by the saturable absorbing components.

Abstract: A multiple interface smart card adaptor is described for mobile phones to take advantage of at least wireless and contactless communications.

Abstract: A micropower passive electronic lock cylinder including an immovable cylinder body (3), a rotatable plug (1), and an electronic control circuit part is described. An electronic control circuit board (13) electrically connected with a micromotor (14) and locating switches (15, 16) is arranged in the rotatable plug (1). A lock pin (8), which is controlled by a displacement limiting cam (5) driven by the micromotor (14), moves between the immovable cylinder body (3) and the rotatable plug (1) to release or block the rotatable plug (1).

Abstract: A method for extracting an object out of each image in a group of digital images that contain the object, includes providing a group of digital images, each containing the object with a background; selecting a seed image from the group of digital images, and displaying the seed image to a user; the user providing at least one marking for the seed image, which corresponds to a subset of pixels in the seed image that indicates whether the set of pixels belongs to a part of object of interest or a part of the background; producing from the seed image and the marking a statistical model that can be used for separating the object of interest from the background in the group of images; and applying the statistical model to each image in the group of digital images to produce a cutout of the object of interest from each digital image.

Abstract: Techniques for data gathering in large-scale wireless sensor networks are described. A data collection device receives aggregate data from at least one sensor node of a group of N sensor nodes. The aggregate data includes M weighted sums. Each of the M weighted sums includes a respective sum of N products each of which being a product of a respective coefficient and a sensor reading from a respective one of the N sensor nodes. M and N are positive integers and M is less than N. Computation is performed on the aggregate data to recover sensor readings from the N sensor nodes.

Abstract: An input device, including two or more ultrasonic transducers (UTs) driven by a driving signal (DS) for respectively sending a transmitting signal to sense an object; a driving circuit unit (DCU) generating the DS; a receiving circuit unit (RCU) determining whether echo signals (ESs) respectively returned from the two or more UTs are greater than a threshold value; a diplexer receiving and transmitting the DS to the two or more UTs, or receiving and transmitting the ESs to the RCU; and a control unit controlling the DCU to generate the DS, controlling the operation of the diplexer, and obtaining a relative motion information between the object and at least one of the two or more UTs according to all of ESs greater than the threshold value and determined by the RCU, so as to correspondingly output an input signal, is provided.

Abstract: A method for displaying related information in a mobile communication terminal includes: acquiring information of the contact stored in the mobile communication terminal, searching for media information in the mobile communication terminal according to the information of the contact and acquiring media information matched with the information of the contact, and displaying the media information matched with the information of the contact. The method and terminal involved in the present invention enable a mobile communication terminal user to search for media information related to a contact through the contact and meanwhile can further view the information of the contact related to the media information through the media information, by associating media files with contacts.

Abstract: Disclosed are methods and systems for improving actuator performance by reducing tensile stresses in piezoelectric thin films. In one embodiment, a piezoelectric actuator includes a substrate, a first electrode positioned on the substrate, a piezoelectric thin film positioned on the first electrode, and a second electrode positioned on the piezoelectric thin film. The displacement capability of the actuator is enhanced by reducing the tensile stresses of the piezoelectric thin film. In some embodiments, a constant DC voltage applied to the piezoelectric actuator generates compressive in-plane stresses, which counteract the tensile in-plane stresses. As a result, the overall tensile stresses in the actuator are reduced, and the actuator displacement is improved.

Abstract: As to enhance the rendering while minimizing needed computation time, the method comprises the steps of determining noise information, said noise information being representative of noise level estimated for at least a part of said image; the noise information being determined for the achromatic component of the image; sampling said part of the image according to said noise information; and rendering said at least a part of the image according to said sampling.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present invention provide a micro and millimeter waves circuit, including: a multi-layer circuit board, a heat substrate, and a circuit module. The multi-layer circuit board is opened with a window. The heat substrate includes a base. The multi-layer circuit board is attached to the base. The heat substrate further includes a projecting part extending from the base into the window of the multi-layer circuit board. The circuit module is received in the window and placed on the projecting part. The circuit module is electrically connected with an outer conductor layer of the multi-layer circuit board.

Abstract: A system and method for conditioning air within an air handling system of a building is provided. The building has a hot water source and a cold water source. The conditioning system includes at least one heating-cooling unit connected to the air handling system, a primary water storage device, at least one heat pump, and a controller. The heating-cooling unit, which includes at least one chilled beam, is operable to transfer heat into or out of air passing within the air handling system of the building. The primary water storage device is operable to store a volume of water within a predetermined temperature range. The primary water storage device is in communication with the hot water source and the cold water source. The heat pump is connected to the primary water storage device and the chilled beam. The controller is adapted to selectively drive the heat pump to transfer heat between the primary water storage device and the chilled beam.