Abstract: The present invention provides facilities for tagging files or data with attribute information in the form of a file tag (TAGINFO) which contains an identifier for text information (TEXTFLAG) and an attribute (COSID) for identifying encoding schemes. TXTFLAG is an auto conversion flag. Furthermore, a runtime attribute (process CCSLD) is assigned to a process specifying the runtime encoding scheme. A conversion is done automatically by an auto conversion function if both CCSIDs allow a conversion. Files having no file tag are tagged with a virtual file tag by means of an automatic tagging (AUTOTAG) function using heuristic rules for determining whether the data or file contains text or binary information. Old applications must work with untagged files as before. Existing applications should be able to benefit from auto conversion and thereby to be enabled to process new, tagged files without code changes.

Abstract: The present invention relates to handling of performance problems arising in computer networks and in particular, to precise definition of packet traversal time. The basic idea of the present invention comprises the principle to perform a calibration phase, in which the difference between the computer clocks on the client and the server computer is calculated, using a statistical method. This allows to calculate request and response time separately.

Abstract: The present invention proposes a computerized method and means for providing an improved handling of messages directed to an user of an electronic messaging system.

Abstract: The invention relates to an element, comprising a substrate with a surface roughness of less than 5 nm, with saturated bonds on the surface and an MPt3 film applied to at least one side of the substrate, with a magnetic anisotropy perpendicular to the plane of the film, with M=a metal of the 5th to 9th sub-group of the periodic table, nickel or gadolinium. The invention further relates to a method for production of the above and the use of said elements as a magnetic component, for example as a magnetic sensor or as a magneto-optical storage element.

Abstract: The invention relates to a superfinishing tool having a shank (2), as well as at least one rigid cutting edge (16) and at least one guide rib (30) on the periphery. In addition, or alternatively, the cutting edge (16) and/or the guide rib(s) (30) can be configured to form a single-piece solid tool with the shank (2). The guide beads or ribs guarantee steady, stable functioning of the tool in spite of high rotational speed and/or hardness of the workpiece. An additional advantage is provided by producing the tool as a solid tool, i.e. made of solid hard metal.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for preparing trifluorobenzoic acids of the formula in which R is a straight-chain or branched alkyl radical having 1 to 6 C-atoms, an unsubstituted phenyl radical, a substituted phenyl radical which contains one or two alkyl or alkoxy groups having in each case 1 to 4 C atoms, or an araliphatic radical having 7 to 12 C atoms, which comprises reacting a compound of the formula in which R1 and R2 are identical or different and are —CN, —COOR3, where R3 is H, Li, Na, K, MgCl, MgBr, MgI, ½Mg, ½Ca or an alkyl radical having 1 to 6 C atoms, or —CONR4R5, where R4 and R5 are identical or different and are an alkyl radical having 1 to 6 C atoms, with at least one organometallic compound of the formula CuR, CuLiR2, MgXR, ZnR3, LiR, AlX2R, AlXR2AlR3 Al2Cl3R3, where R is as defined in formula (1) and X is Cl, Br or I, in the presence of an inert solvent at from −80 to +150° C.

Abstract: The present invention provides facilities for tagging files or data with attribute information in the form of a file tag (TAGINFO) which contains an identifier for text information (TXTFLAG) and an attribute (CCSID) for identifying encoding schemes. TXTFLAG is an auto conversion flag that inhibits automatic conversion between encoding schemes when switched off, while CCSID is an encoding scheme identifier. Furthermore, a runtime attribute (process CCSID) is assigned to a process specifying the runtime encoding scheme. A conversion is done automatically by an auto conversion function if both CCSIDs allow a conversion. Files having no file tag are tagged with a virtual file tag (default tag) by means of an automatic tagging (AUTOTAG) function using heuristic rules for determining whether the data or file contains text or binary information. Old applications must work with untagged files as before.

Abstract: The present invention relates to handling of performance problems arising in computer networks and in particular, to precise definition of packet traversal time. The basic idea of the present invention comprises the principle to perform a calibration phase, in which the difference between the computer clocks on the client and the server computer is calculated, using a statistical method. This allows to calculate request and response time separately.

Abstract: The invention relates to a friction and sinking cutting tool comprising a base member (2) to which a cutting blade (20) is exchangeably clampingly fixed by means of a clamping screw and which is adjustable in terms of its radial position by an adjusting member (40) through the intermediary of an adjusting means (30). The adjusting means (30) is a cutting blade carrier extending into a recess in the base member, and the adjusting member (40) is a differential screw which is in threaded engagement with the adjusting means. Alternatively, the adjusting means (30) can be a cutting blade carrier extending into a recess of the base member and the adjusting member (40) can be a ball member or clamping member which has automatic shape fitting engagement with a complementary recess in the adjusting means such that a movement of the adjustment member causes a movement of the cutting blade (20) in the same direction.

Abstract: A cutting tool in the form of a drill bit or end-milling tool has an elongated body formed with at least one cutting edge defined by a flank of a flute running primarily along a rotation axis of the body and having leading and trailing flanks one of which is formed with wavelike and spaced projections and recesses. The depth of these grooves and, hence, the height of the projections increases toward the end cutting edge to break up chips.

Abstract: A rotary cutting tool, e.g. a drill bit, has a generally cylindrical working head consisting of ultrahard incisive material such as cubic polycrystalline diamond or boron nitride. The working head has at least peripheral cutting edges which may extend onto an adjoining carrier of hard metal secured thereto along a transverse interface; the carrier may be bonded at another junction to a tool body or may itself constitute such a body. Also disclosed is a method of making such a tool, particularly a drill with a working head of 5 mm or less, according to which a prefabricated block, consisting of interconnected ultrahard and metallic blanks for the head and its carrier, is soldered inside an aligning sleeve onto a cylindrical extension of the tool body whereupon the extension and the block are jointly machined to form the tool.

Abstract: A multiple-toothed drill bit having at least three teeth is provided with front end cutting edges having respective outer and inner cutting edge sections oriented angularly to each other and meeting at respective frontwardmost cutting points located in a common plane, and with an axial centering spur having laterally outwardly and rearwardly inclined center cutting edges merging with the inner front end cutting edge sections via respective frontwardly concave cutting edge sections.

Abstract: A drill bit of the multigroove type has a shaft with at least three flutes forming respective lateral cutting edges and as many generally radial frontal ridges, one of them extending to or possibly beyond the shaft axis while the others terminate short of same. Each frontal ridge forms an outer and an inner cutting edge adjoining each other at an obtuse angle in a forwardly pointing peak, these peaks lying at different distances from the axis. The peak closest to the axis is axially foremost and the corresponding inner cutting edge includes the smallest angle with the axis to act as a centering blade; with more than three ridges this centering blade can be duplicated in diametrically opposite positions. The outer cutting edges all lie on a common conical surface centered on the axis.

Abstract: A drill for electronic conductor plates with a cylindrical drill head which is arranged at the front end of a shank, and which in particular has a working diameter of from 0.5 to 1.2 mm. The rear end of the cylindrical drill head is in the direction toward the drill shank followed by a first shank section of a shorter outer diameter. The drill head and the next following first shank section comprise guiding passages for the drilled out material, especially continuous helical grooves in the manner customary with spiral drills. The drill is characterized primarily in that the first shank section adjacent the drill head conically tapers from the rear end of the drill head in the direction toward the rear end of the drill shank.