Abstract: A piezoelectric component with at least one fully active piezoelement has electrode layers and interposed piezoelectric layers. guided to a lateral edge of the piezoelement and contacted there. An insulating layer applied for electric contacting has an electric through-plating. An electrically conductive gas-phase deposition layer is applied directly to the electrode layer guided up to the lateral surface of the piezoelement by way of deposition from the gas phase in order to improve electric contacting. An external electrode is applied to the gas-phase deposition layer. In the case of several superposed stacked piezoelements (piezoactuator in multi-layer design), the external electrode functions as a collector electrode which connects the electrode layers to each other. The structure enables secure contacting of the electrode layers. A fully active piezoceramic multi-layer actuator with the described contacting may be used in automobile technology for activating fuel-injection valves.

Abstract: The invention relates to a high-lifting capacity piezoelectric actuator (1) comprising an piezoelectric layer (10) and a second layer (20) whose material gradient is directed to the thickness. An electric field produces different extension degrees in said piezoelectric layer (10) and in the second layer (30), thereby increasing the lifting capacity of the piezoelectric actuator (1) in combination with an impressed mechanical prestressing. The inventive piezoelectric actuator is used at a low voltage, for example, for bio and medical engineering (micropumps, microvalves), in industrial electronic engineering (pneumatic valves) and for microactuators and micromotors.

Abstract: A piezoelectric actuator (1) with an improved stroke capability, achieved by the utilization of the deformation characteristics of specially structured piezoceramic layers (10) and the simultaneous influence of a mechanical pre-stress and an electric field. A method for producing the piezoelectric actuators (1) is described. The piezoelectric actuators are suitable for a low-voltage operation, for example in the fields of biotechnology and medical technology (micro-pumps, micro-valves), industrial electronics (pneumatic valves) and the fields of micro-actuators and micro-motors.

Abstract: The embodiments relate to a piezoelectric component including at least one fully active piezoelectric element comprising electrode layers and piezoelectric layers arranged therebetween. The electrode layers are conveyed to a lateral edge of the piezoelectric element and contacted there. The external electrode is attached in a structured fashion for electrical contacting and/or a structured external electrode is made available: The external electrode essentially includes two components, namely the contacting field and the contacting path. In the event of several piezoelectric elements (piezoelectric actuator in multilayer structure) stacked one above the other, the contacting path functions as a collector electrode, which connects the contacting fields of the piezoelectric elements to one another. The insulation path exists for the electrical insulation of the contacting path from electrode layers which are not to be contacted.

Abstract: A method for producing a correlation between a first state of a piezoelectric component (1, 20) comprising a piezoceramic element and a second state of the component comprises the following steps: a) a first group of components respectively in the first state is prepared (101), b) at least one defined characteristic of each component of the first group is determined (102), c) the piezoceramic element of the components of the first group is polarised, and a corresponding component of a second group in the second state is thus created from each component of the first group (103), d) at least one defined characteristic of each component of the second group is determined (104), and e) the correlation is produced by comparing the defined characteristics of each component of the first group with the defined characteristic of the corresponding component of the second group (105).

Abstract: A planar fuel cell module including a module base unit having a plurality of recesses each adapted to receive a fuel cell therein is described. The recesses can disposed in a linear or two-dimensional planar arrangement. The module base unit also includes a strip conductor for providing electrical connection to the fuel cells. A fuel cell including an anode structure and a cathode structure is received in each of the recesses of the modular base unit. The fuel cells are disposed in each of the recesses such that the fuel cells form fit to a contour of each of the recesses. In some embodiments the anode structure and the cathode structure can be disposed offset at an angle relative to one another and can be accessible from the same side of the fuel cell. A very thin overall arrangement of a fuel cell is provided.

Abstract: Piezoelectrical bending converter with at least one monolithic layered composite, includes a piezoelectric-active ceramic layer with a lateral dimension change which may be generated by application of an electrical field and at least one further piezoelectric-active ceramic layer with a further lateral dimension change, different from the lateral dimension change. An electrode layer is arranged between the ceramic layers, for generation of the electric fields. The layered composite preferably comprises several piezoelectric-active layers and electrode layers arranged between the above. The shift is thus obtained as a gradient of the dimension changes in the direction of the stack of the layered composite. The dimension changes for the ceramic layers and the gradient may be adjusted by the generation of the electrical fields. In order to achieve a shift it is necessary not to have a piezoelectric-inactive layer.

Abstract: A piezoactuator, includes at least one stacked piezoelement, with at least two electrode layers, arranged one over the other along a stacking direction of the piezoelement, at least one piezoelectric layer, arranged between two of the electrode layers and at least one pre-tensioning device, for introduction of force into a volume of the piezoelectric layer via at least one force introduction surface on the piezoelectric layer, which is arranged on at least one of the surface sections facing the pretensioning device. The force introduction surface is smaller than the surface section of the piezoelectric layer and the volume is a partial volume of the piezoelectric layer. The production of the piezoactuator is achieved by introduction of a force into the partial volume of the piezoelectric layer via the force introduction surface on the piezoelectric layer.

Abstract: A method for producing a correlation between a first state of a piezoelectric component (1, 20) comprising a piezoceramic element and a second state of the component comprises the following steps: a) a first group of components respectively in the first state is prepared (101), b) at least one defined characteristic of each component of the first group is determined (102), c) the piezoceramic element of the components of the first group is polarised, and a corresponding component of a second group in the second state is thus created from each component of the first group (103), d) at least one defined characteristic of each component of the second group is determined (104), and e) the correlation is produced by comparing the defined characteristics of each component of the first group with the defined characteristic of the corresponding component of the second group (105).

Abstract: An additional contacting (30) for a piezoelectric component (10) is formed as a multilayer structure, wherein the piezoelectric component (10) is formed by a stack (16) of alternatingly arranged piezoelectric ceramic layers (11) and electrode layers (12, 13). The additional contacting (30) has a series of connecting elements (31) for connecting a metallization (15) of the electric component (10) to an electrical connecting element (19). In order to minimize mechanical loads during dynamic operation of the piezoelectric component (10), the additional contacting (30) is configured as an individual, structured component (32), especially in the form of a structured foil. Said structured foil (32) advantageously has a current conduction path (33) which is common to the connecting elements (31) and a contacting zone formed in the area of static base plate (17), wherein the additional contacting (30) is connected to the electrical connecting element in the area of said contacting zone.

Abstract: A piezoactuator, includes at least one stacked piezoelement, with at least two electrode layers, arranged one over the other along a stacking direction of the piezoelement, at least one piezoelectric layer, arranged between two of the electrode layers and at least one pre-tensioning device, for introduction of force into a volume of the piezoelectric layer via at least one force introduction surface on the piezoelectric layer, which is arranged on at least one of the surface sections facing the pretensioning device. The force introduction surface is smaller than the surface section of the piezoelectric layer and the volume is a partial volume of the piezoelectric layer. The production of the piezoactuator is achieved by introduction of a force into the partial volume of the piezoelectric layer via the force introduction surface on the piezoelectric layer.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method and a device for the positionally correct winding up of a metal strip in a coiling device, the hot strip being fed to the coiling device by a driving device with driving rollers, the driving rollers being tiltable in relation to one another by a controller by means of actuators for changing the gap between the driving rollers, and the controller being fed the position of the edge of the hot strip upstream of the driving device as a measured variable and as a setpoint reference variable, an optimization of the winding result of the rolled strip coil being achieved by the surface geometry of the rolled strip being determined as a measured variable and fed to the controller.

Abstract: Piezoelectrical bending converter with at least one monolithic layered composite, includes a piezoelectric-active ceramic layer with a lateral dimension change which may be generated by application of an electrical field and at least one further piezoelectric-active ceramic layer with a further lateral dimension change, different from the lateral dimension change. An electrode layer is arranged between the ceramic layers, for generation of the electric fields. The layered composite preferably comprises several piezoelectric-active layers and electrode layers arranged between the above. The shift is thus obtained as a gradient of the dimension changes in the direction of the stack of the layered composite. The dimension changes for the ceramic layers and the gradient may be adjusted by the generation of the electrical fields. In order to achieve a shift it is necessary not to have a piezoelectric-inactive layer.

Abstract: The invention relates, inter alia, to an additional contact (30) for a piezoelectric component (10) in the form of a multilayer structure and to a corresponding component, wherein the piezoelectric component (10) is formed by a stack (17) of alternating piezoelectric ceramic layers and electrode layers. The additional contact (30) has a contact element (31) with a contact zone (33) for connection to an electrical connecting element (20) and with a fastening zone (34) for connection to a metallized part (15, 16). In order to minimize harmful tensile/pressure loads in the additional contact (30), the additional contact (30), especially the contact element (31), is shaped so as to allow for a load distribution of the critical tensile loads, for example by means of at least one bend (32) in the contact element (31).

Abstract: An additional contacting (30) for a piezoelectric component (10) is formed as a multilayer structure, wherein the piezoelectric component (10) is formed by a stack (16) of alternatingly arranged piezoelectric ceramic layers (11) and electrode layers (12, 13). The additional contacting (30) has a series of connecting elements (31) for connecting a metallization (15) of the electric component (10) to an electrical connecting element (19). In order to minimize mechanical loads during dynamic operation of the piezoelectric component (10), the additional contacting (30) is configured as an individual, structured component (32), especially in the form of a structured foil. Said structured foil (32) advantageously has a current conduction path (33) which is common to the connecting elements (31) and a contacting zone formed in the area of static base plate (17), wherein the additional contacting (30) is connected to the electrical connecting element in the area of said contacting zone.

Abstract: Method of measuring and/or controlling flatness during rolling. The flatness deviation is measured and expressed using orthogonal polynomials. A controlled variable is generated using an Internal Mode Control by comparing the expressed deviation with values of orthogonal polynomials supplied by a model. The comparison provides a control difference to control variables that influence bending, pivoting and axial displacement of the rolls and by multizone cooling.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method and a device for the positionally correct winding up of a metal strip in a coiling device, the hot strip being fed to the coiling device by a driving device with driving rollers, the driving rollers being tiltable in relation to one another by a controller by means of actuators for changing the gap between the driving rollers, and the controller being fed the position of the edge of the hot strip upstream of the driving device as a measured variable and as a setpoint reference variable, an optimization of the winding result of the rolled strip coil being achieved by the surface geometry of the rolled strip being determined as a measured variable and fed to the controller.

Abstract: A piezo actuator with an actuator body has at least one electrically conductive multi-layer film with a rigid electrical terminal element. The multi-layer film controls expansion and attraction of the actuator body. An electrical conduction layer of the multi-layer film has at least one recess to increase flexibility. The recesses in the conduction layer are, for example, photolitho-graphically produced.

Abstract: Method of measuring and/or controlling flatness during rolling, in which the flatness errors are broken down into independent components.

Abstract: A piezo actuator (1) is disclosed that has a contact lug (20, 21) for the electrical contacting of an electrode (14, 15) of an actuator member (11). Due to an expansion and contraction of the actuator member, a mechanical stress occurs in the contact lug that is minimized in that the contact lug has a device for adapting the expanse to a dimension of the expansion and contraction. The device is, for example, a deformation material in the form of a wire weave. The piezo actuator is utilized for the drive of an injection valve in an internal combustion engine.