Abstract: A clocking system, comprises a plurality of clocked data processing devices and a clock control circuit controlling a generation of a plurality of clock signals and an application of the clock signals to the plurality of data processing devices, allowing to clock at least one of the data processing devices while freezing all but the at least one of the data processing devices. A method for clocking a plurality of clocked data processing devices comprises controlling a generation of a plurality of clock signals and controlling an application of the clock signals to the plurality of data processing devices, allowing to clock at least one of the data processing devices while freezing all but the at least one of the data processing devices.

Abstract: An electronic system includes multiple data access components (DACs), a semaphores module, and a memory protection unit (MPU). Any of the DACs may issue an access request, which requests access to a shared system resource. A region descriptor associated with the shared system resource specifies default access permissions for the DACs. The semaphores module implements a semaphore for the shared system resource, and produces semaphore signals indicating which one, if any, of the DACs has locked the semaphore for the shared system resource. More particularly, an access evaluation circuit of the MPU receives the default access permissions and the semaphore signals. When the semaphore is properly enabled, as indicated in the region descriptor, the access evaluation circuit produces effective access permissions for the DACs by potentially altering the default access permissions based on the semaphore signals. The MPU grants or denies the access request based on the effective access permissions.

Abstract: A microcontroller unit comprises a reset controller operably coupled to a plurality of logic elements of the microcontroller unit. Low voltage detection logic is operably coupled to the reset controller and arranged to provide a plurality of low voltage interrupt signals to a number of respective logic elements of the microcontroller unit via the reset controller. A method of operating a microcontroller unit is also described.

Abstract: A system comprises signal processing logic that is operably coupled to at least one memory element and is arranged to enable access to the at least one memory element. The signal processing logic is arranged to receive a security key, generate a system key using the received security key and a system specific seed, perform a comparison of the generated system key to a reference key stored in an area of memory of the at least one memory element. The signal processing logic is also arranged to configure a level of access to the at least one memory element based at least partly on the comparison of the generated system key to the reference key stored in memory.

Abstract: A clocking system, comprises a plurality of clocked data processing devices and a clock control circuit controlling a generation of a plurality of clock signals and an application of the clock signals to the plurality of data processing devices, allowing to clock at least one of the data processing devices while freezing all but the at least one of the data processing devices. A method for clocking a plurality of clocked data processing devices comprises controlling a generation of a plurality of clock signals and controlling an application of the clock signals to the plurality of data processing devices, allowing to clock at least one of the data processing devices while freezing all but the at least one of the data processing devices.

Abstract: The invention relates to a biocatalytic method or process for the synthesis of esters of acrylic acid and/or methacrylic acid free of positively chargeable/charged groups, comprising reacting one or more alcohols (alcohol starting materials) which are free of positively chargeable or charged groups with (meth)acrylyl-CoA, preferably in the presence of a catalyst (inorganic, organic or organometallic, or preferably a biocatalyst) capable of effecting the transfer of an alcohol radical from an alcohol starting material as defined above or below to (meth)acrylyl CoA under removal of the CoA moiety transferase activity, such as an enzyme of the transferase or hydrolase class of enzymes. The (meth)acrylyl-CoA is preferably formed by reaction of (meth)acrylic acid or its salts with coenzyme A in the presence of an energy providing substance and a biocatalyst e.g.

Abstract: A microcontroller unit comprises a reset controller operably coupled to a plurality of logic elements of the microcontroller unit. Low voltage detection logic is operably coupled to the reset controller and arranged to provide a plurality of low voltage interrupt signals to a number of respective logic elements of the microcontroller unit via the reset controller. A method of operating a microcontroller unit is also described.

Abstract: A fan blade heating unit including a fan blade designed to be operatively mounted in an electrical ceiling fan for normal rotation with the fan. The fan blade includes a heating element positioned therein for connection to the power source driving the ceiling fan.

Abstract: The invention relates to a biocatalytic method or process for the synthesis of esters of acrylic acid and/or methacrylic acid free of positively chargeable/charged groups, comprising reacting one or more alcohols (alcohol starting materials) which are free of positively chargeable or charged groups with (meth)acrylyl-CoA, preferably in the presence of a catalyst (inorganic, organic or organometallic, or preferably a biocatalyst) capable of effecting the transfer of an alcohol radical from an alcohol starting material as defined above or below to (meth)acrylyl CoA under removal of the CoA moiety transferase activity, such as an enzyme of the transferase or hydrolase class of enzymes. The (meth)acrylyl-CoA is preferably formed by reaction of (meth)acrylic acid or its salts with coenzyme A in the presence of an energy providing substance and a biocatalyst e.g.

Abstract: There is provided a method of treating waste ash, the method comprising the steps of combining waste ash with water to form a waste ash slurry comprising water in an amount of at least 50% by weight; treating the waste ash slurry and/or the waste ash and/or water to be combined with the waste ash to lower the pH thereof; and dewatering the waste ash slurry such that the resultant ash product comprises water in a lower amount than said waste ash slurry. Also provided is an apparatus for use in the method.