Abstract: A process and apparatus is disclosed for recovering dichlorohydrins from a hydrochlorination reactor effluent stream comprising dichlorohydrins, one or more compounds selected from esters of dichlorohydrins, monochlorohydrins and/or esters thereof, and multihydroxylated-aliphatic hydrocarbon compounds and/or esters thereof, and optionally one or more substances comprising water, chlorinating agents, catalysts and/or esters of catalysts. The reactor effluent stream is distilled to produce a dichlorohydrin-rich vapor phase effluent stream. The dichlorohydrin-rich vapor phase effluent stream is cooled and condensed in two unit operations conducted at two different temperatures and a portion of the liquid phase effluent stream produced by the first unit operation is recycled to the distillation step for reflux. Product streams produced by the process and apparatus are suitable for further processing in a further unit operation, such as dehydrochlorination.

Abstract: Processes and apparatus for purifying brine are provided including (1) providing an aqueous brine solution comprising one or more inorganic salts and one or more organic compounds and (2) conducting at least one unit operation for removing organic compounds from the brine solution to obtain a purified brine solution.

Abstract: A process and apparatus is disclosed for recovering dichlorohydrins from a hydrochlorination reactor effluent stream comprising dichlorohydrins, one or more compounds selected from esters of dichlorohydrins, monochlorohydrins and/or esters thereof, and multihydroxylated-aliphatic hydrocarbon compounds and/or esters thereof, and optionally one or more substances comprising water, chlorinating agents, catalysts and/or esters of catalysts. The reactor effluent stream is distilled to produce a dichlorohydrin-rich vapor phase effluent stream. The dichlorohydrin-rich vapor phase effluent stream is cooled and condensed in two unit operations conducted at two different temperatures and a portion of the liquid phase effluent stream produced by the first unit operation is recycled to the distillation step for reflux. Product streams produced by the process and apparatus are suitable for further processing in a further unit operation, such as dehydrochlorination.

Abstract: Process and apparatus for reducing organic content of brine comprising subjecting a brine solution to at least two purification treatments selected from electrochemical treatment, chlorinolysis, or other chemical oxidation treatment, carbon adsorption, extraction, biological treatment and chrystallizing treatment; wherein the organic content of purified brine is sufficiently low to enable sense of the purified brine in an industrial process.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for converting at least one multihydroxylated-aliphatic hydrocarbon and/or an ester thereof to at least one chlorohydrin and/or an ester thereof, comprising at least one reaction step in which the multihydroxylated-aliphatic hydrocarbon and/or ester thereof is contacted with hydrogen chloride under reaction conditions to produce the chlorohydrin and/or ester thereof, followed by at least one downstream processing step in which the effluents of the reaction step are processed, wherein the downstream processing step is performed in such conditions that the effluents containing the chlorohydrin and/or ester thereof are kept at a temperature of less than 120° C. The invention allows to minimize the liberation of hydrogen chloride from the products of the hydrochlorination reaction, hence reducing the corrosion of the downstream equipment and reducing the need to use costly corrosion resistant materials.

Abstract: A process and apparatus is disclosed for recovering dichlorohydrins from a hydrochlorination reactor effluent stream comprising dichlorohydrins, one or more compounds selected from esters of dichlorohydrins, monochlorohydrins and/or esters thereof, and multihydroxylated-aliphatic hydrocarbon compounds and/or esters thereof, and optionally one or more substances comprising water, chlorinating agents, catalysts and/or esters of catalysts. The reactor effluent stream is distilled to produce a dichlorohydrin-rich vapor phase effluent stream. The dichlorohydrin-rich vapor phase effluent stream is cooled and condensed in two unit operations conducted at two different temperatures and a portion of the liquid phase effluent stream produced by the first unit operation is recycled to the distillation step for reflux. Product streams produced by the process and apparatus are suitable for further processing in a further unit operation, such as dehydrochlorination.

Abstract: A system and method for converting low-jitter, interleaved frame traffic, such as that generated in an IP network, to high jitter traffic to improve the utilization of bandwidth on arbitrated loops such as Fibre Channel Arbitrated Loops. Embodiments of a high jitter scheduling algorithm may be used in devices such as network switches that interface an arbitrated loop with an IP network that carries low-jitter traffic. The high jitter algorithm may use a separate queue for each device on the arbitrated loop, or alternatively may use one queue for two or more devices. Incoming frames are distributed among the queues based upon each frame's destination device. The scheduling algorithm may then service the queues and forward queued frames to the devices from the queues. In one embodiment, the queues are serviced in a round-robin fashion. In one embodiment, each queue may be serviced for a programmed limit.

Abstract: Process and apparatus for reducing organic content of brine comprising subjecting a brine solution to at least two purification treatments selected from electrochemical treatment, chlorinolysis, or other chemical oxidation treatment, carbon adsorption, extraction, biological treatment and chrystallizing treatment; wherein the organic content of purified brine is sufficiently low to enable sense of the purified brine in an industrial process.

Abstract: Processes and apparatus for purifying brine are provided including (1) providing an aqueous brine solution comprising one or more inorganic salts and one or more organic compounds and (2) conducting at least one unit operation for removing organic compounds from the brine solution to obtain a purified brine solution.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for converting at least one multihydroxylated-aliphatic hydrocarbon and/or an ester thereof to at least one chlorohydrin and/or an ester thereof, comprising at least one reaction step in which the multihydroxylated-aliphatic hydrocarbon and/or ester thereof is contacted with hydrogen chloride under reaction conditions to produce the chlorohydrin and/or ester thereof, followed by at least one downstream processing step in which the effluents of the reaction step are processed, wherein the downstream processing step is performed in such conditions that the effluents containing the chlorohydrin and/or ester thereof are kept at a temperature of less than 12O° C. The invention allows to minimize the liberation of hydrogen chloride from the products of the hydrochlorination reaction, hence reducing the corrosion of the downstream equipment and reducing M the need to use costly corrosion resistant materials.

Abstract: A process and apparatus for recovering dichlorohydrins from a mixture comprising dichlorohydrins, water, one or more compounds selected from esters of dichlorohydrins, monochlorohydrins and/or esters thereof, and multihydroxylated-aliphatic hydrocarbon compounds and/or esters thereof, and optionally one or more substances comprising chlorinating agents, catalysts and/or esters of catalysts while minimizing formation of heavies is disclosed.

Abstract: A system and method for late-dropping packets in a network switch. A network switch may include multiple input ports, multiple output ports, and a shared random access memory coupled to the input ports and output ports by data transport logic. Packets entering the switch may be subject to input thresholding, and may be assigned to a flow within a group. A portion of a packet subject to input thresholding may be accepted into the switch and assigned to a group and flow even if, at the time of arrival of the portion, there are not enough resources available to receive the remainder of the packet. This partial receipt of the packet is allowed because of the possibility of additional resources becoming available between the time of receipt of and resource allocation for the portion of the packet and receipt of subsequent portions of the packet.

Abstract: A system and method for managing the allocation of Time Division Multiplexing (TDM) timeslots in a network switch. The network switch may use a TDM cycle comprising multiple timeslots to manage shared resources and to schedule data ingress and egress through the ports of the current configuration, wherein each port is assigned one or more timeslots. The network switch may be reprogrammed to support one of multiple timeslot assignment schemes for one of multiple port configurations. The network switch may support configurations with varying numbers of ports, e.g. 8- and 16-port configurations. A network switch may also support configurations where two or more ports are combined to form one port, for example, a 2 Gbs Fibre Channel port. To meet the requirements of the various configurations, the timeslot assignment scheme may be reprogrammed to meet the scheduling requirements of each of the possible port configurations.

Abstract: The invention provides pyrrole-containing compounds and methods of use thereof. Kits and pharmaceutical compositions comprising the pyrrole compounds of the invention are also provided. The compounds and compositions disclosed herein are preferably used in the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases, cardiovascular diseases, proliferative diseases, and visual disorders. In particular, methods and compositions for the treatment of stroke are disclosed herein.

Abstract: A system and method for managing the allocation of Time Division Multiplexing (TDM) timeslots in a network switch. The network switch may use a TDM cycle comprising multiple timeslots to manage shared resources and to schedule data ingress and egress through the ports of the current configuration, wherein each port is assigned one or more timeslots. The network switch may be reprogrammed to support one of multiple timeslot assignment schemes for one of multiple port configurations. The network switch may support configurations with varying numbers of ports, e.g. 8- and 16-port configurations. A network switch may also support configurations where two or more ports are combined to form one port, for example, a 2 Gbs Fibre Channel port. To meet the requirements of the various configurations, the timeslot assignment scheme may be reprogrammed to meet the scheduling requirements of each of the possible port configurations.

Abstract: A system and method for input thresholding packets in a network switch. A network switch may include multiple input ports, multiple output ports, and a shared random access memory coupled to the input ports and output ports by data transport logic. Packets entering the network switch may be assigned to one of a plurality of threshold groups and to one of a plurality of flows within the threshold group. In one embodiment, each threshold group may be divided into a plurality of levels of operation. As resources are allocated or freed by the threshold group, the threshold group may dynamically move up or down in the levels of operation. Within each level, one or more different values may be used as level boundaries and resource limits for flows within the threshold group. In one embodiment, programmable registers may be used to store these values.

Abstract: A system and method for enabling a network switch to transmit queued packets to a device when opened by the device, and thus to utilize the Fibre Channel Arbitrated Loop (FC-AL) in full-duplex mode when possible. The switch may include a plurality of queues each associated with a device on the FC-AL for queuing incoming packets for the device. The switch may determine a next non-empty queue, open the device associated with the queue, and send packets to the device. The device may send packets to the switch concurrently with receiving packets from the switch, thus utilizing the FC-AL in full-duplex mode. When a device opens the switch to transmit packets to the switch, the switch may determine if there are packets for the device in the queue and, if so, send packets to the device concurrently with receiving packets from the device, thus utilizing the FC-AL in full-duplex mode.

Abstract: A water treatment apparatus has a two components with surfaces that face each other wherein one surface has an annular groove therein. A sealing ring is provided for placement in the annular groove to form a water tight seal between the two components. The sealing ring has an annular body with an inner perimeter and an outer perimeter. One or more fins project away from either the inner perimeter or the outer perimeter for engaging a wall of the annular groove and spacing the respective inner perimeter or outer perimeter away from the wall. During assembly of the water treatment apparatus, the fins and not the entire inner perimeter or an outer perimeter engage the groove wall thereby enabling the sealing ring to be easily pressed into the groove which facilitates the assembly.

Abstract: A system and method for low latency switching of data packets in a network switch. A network switch may include multiple input ports, multiple output ports, and a shared random access memory coupled to the input ports and output ports by data transport logic. Under normal operation, the data transport logic stores packet data into the memory. Later, the packet data is read from the memory and output to a destination output port. To reduce latency when the switch is not congested, the switching logic may be configured to perform a cut-through operation by routing packets directly from input ports to output ports without storing any portion of the packet in the memory. Alternatively, the switch may begin forwarding the stored packet data to the output port before the entire packet has been received or stored in the memory.

Abstract: The invention provides pyrrole-containing compounds and methods of use thereof. Kits and pharmaceutical compositions comprising the pyrrole compounds of the invention are also provided. The compounds and compositions disclosed herein are preferably used in the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases, cardiovascular diseases, proliferative diseases, and visual disorders. In particular, methods and compositions for the treatment of stroke are disclosed herein.