Abstract: An on-board charger for an electric vehicle includes a switch configured to receive an AC voltage, a capacitor connected to the switch and connectable to a traction battery of the electric vehicle, a frequency sensor, and a controller. The frequency sensor is configured to detect during the odd half-cycle of a first cycle of the AC voltage an instantaneous frequency of the AC voltage for the first cycle based on elapsed time between zero-voltage crossings of the odd half-cycle of the first cycle and not based on any other zero-voltage crossings of the AC voltage. The controller is configured to close the switch during the even half-cycle of the first cycle at a first trigger time dependent upon the instantaneous frequency of the AC voltage for the first cycle. The capacitor is enabled to be charged with the AC voltage via the switch while the switch is closed.

Abstract: A battery pack includes a first battery, a second battery remotely separated from the first battery, components to be shared by the batteries, and a battery housing. The batteries and the components are contained within the battery housing. The batteries may be Lithium-Ion (Li-Ion) batteries having different voltages. The components to be shared by the batteries may include a battery module controller (BMC), a common I/O (COM), a cooling system, and protection mechanisms like fuses, transient voltage suppressors, and battery disconnection devices (JB/BDU). An electronic control unit remotely separated from the battery pack is configured to communicate with the battery module controller to control operation of the battery pack.

Abstract: Method and system to improve the calculation of the State of Charge (SOC) of a battery with a model based on an adaptive parabolic function, including a feature to dynamically update the key parameters of the model, to compensate the behavior deviations of the battery from the ideal new battery model as it ages. The battery model has a parabolic region and a linear region.

Abstract: A method for generating a reprogramming file for reprogramming a target electronic control unit (ECU) in a target vehicle comprises: utilizing high-to-low level command conversions specific for the target ECU from the dictionary database to generate Unified Diagnostic Services (UDS) operation transactions from high-level language commands; converting high-level language diagnostic sequence commands into imperative language instructions; compiling the imperative language instructions into binary code corresponding to handling routines; segmenting a binary image of the target ECU into a plurality of data blocks; compiling the plurality of data blocks and respective the UDS operation transactions to provide a plurality of UDS stages, each stage of the plurality of stages comprises one corresponding data block or the plurality of data blocks; and assembling the plurality of UDS stages and the handling routines into the reprogramming file.

Abstract: A method is provided for generating a reprogramming file to reprogram a target electronic control unit (ECU) in a target vehicle. High-level language diagnostic commands are generated utilizing a standardized specification language editor comprising Open Test sequence data eXchange (OTX). High-to-low level command conversions specific for the target ECU generate Unified Diagnostic Services (UDS) operation transactions. The high-level language diagnostic sequence commands are converted into imperative language instructions-that are compiled into binary code corresponding to handling routines. A binary image of the target ECU is segmented into a plurality of data blocks. The plurality of data blocks and respective the UDS operation transactions are compiled to provide a plurality of UDS stages that are assembled into the reprogramming file.

Abstract: A method for generating a reprogramming file for reprogramming a target electronic control unit (ECU) in a target vehicle comprises: utilizing high-to-low level command conversions specific for the target ECU from the dictionary database to generate Unified Diagnostic Services (UDS) operation transactions from high-level language commands; converting high-level language diagnostic sequence commands into imperative language instructions; compiling the imperative language instructions into binary code corresponding to handling routines; segmenting a binary image of the target ECU into a plurality of data blocks; compiling the plurality of data blocks and respective the UDS operation transactions to provide a plurality of UDS stages, each stage of the plurality of stages comprises one corresponding data block or the plurality of data blocks; and assembling the plurality of UDS stages and the handling routines into the reprogramming file.

Abstract: A system for a vehicle having an engine and a battery includes a memory and a controller. The memory has a predicted current expected to be provided by the battery for restarting the engine during a cranking event. The controller is configured to predict a minimum voltage of the battery expected during the cranking event based on the predicted current and to update the predicted current in the memory as a function of the predicted current and an actual current actually provided by the battery for restarting the engine during the cranking event.

Abstract: A system and method are disclosed for monitoring at least one relay contact. The system may include an emitter adapted for communication with a relay contact and configured to emit a signal, and a receiver adapted for communication with the relay contact and configured to detect a signal emitted by the emitter. The system may further include a controller adapted for communication with the emitter and receiver, and configured to determine an open or closed state of the relay contact. The controller may control the emitter to emit a signal, may determine a closed state of the relay contact if the receiver detects the signal, and may determine an open state of the relay contact if the receiver fails to detect the signal.

Abstract: In at least one embodiment, an apparatus for diagnosing a state of a capacitive sensor is provided. The apparatus includes a control unit for being operably coupled to a decoupling device that exhibits a drift condition and to the capacitive sensor. The control unit being configured to determine an impedance of the capacitive sensor and to determine a characteristic of the capacitive sensor based on at least the impedance. The control unit being further configured to determine a characteristic of the decoupling device based on the characteristic of the capacitive sensor and to provide an estimated capacitance based on the characteristic of the decoupling device, the estimated capacitance being indicative of the state of the capacitive sensor.

Abstract: An assembly for providing one or two disconnection switches in any of different electrical supply systems includes a printed circuit board having an internally configurable dual switch arrangement. The dual switch arrangement includes first and second switch areas for first and second groups of solid-state devices, first and second driver areas for first and second switch drivers, and busbars and power terminals. The first switch area includes the first group of solid-state devices and the first driver area includes the first switch driver which drives these solid-state devices as either a normally closed (NC) or a normally opened (NO) disconnection switch. First and second ones of the busbars respectively connect ends of the disconnection switch to first and second ones of the power terminals whereby the disconnection switch is provided in the electrical supply system when the electrical supply system is connected to the first and second power terminals.

Abstract: A battery pack includes a first battery, a second battery remotely separated from the first battery, components to be shared by the batteries, and a battery housing. The batteries and the components are contained within the battery housing. The batteries may be Lithium-Ion (Li-Ion) batteries having different voltages. The components to be shared by the batteries may include a battery module controller (BMC), a common I/O (COM), a cooling system, and protection mechanisms like fuses, transient voltage suppressors, and battery disconnection devices (JB/BDU). An electronic control unit remotely separated from the battery pack is configured to communicate with the battery module controller to control operation of the battery pack.

Abstract: A method of updating a bootloader includes a slave controller that includes a central processing unit in communication with non-volatile memory having a shared memory architecture. The shared memory architecture including a non-volatile application memory block having application code and a non-volatile launcher memory block having bootloader code for initiating the slave controller. The method including a step of storing updated code to an application memory block of the non-volatile memory. The updated code includes a first code section having application code for application functions, a second code section having updated bootupdater code, and a third code section having image code for an updated bootloader. Slave controller receives indication to update the bootloader code stored in the non-volatile launcher memory block and then executes the bootupdater stored in the application memory block to update the bootloader stored in the launcher memory block from the image code for an updated bootloader.

Abstract: In at least one embodiment, an apparatus for providing age-compensation control for a power converter is provided. The apparatus comprises a controller for being coupled to a power converter including a plurality of phases for converting a first input signal into a first output signal. The controller is configured to activate at least one first switch for a first phase from the plurality of phases for converting the first input signal into the first output signal. The controller is further configured to determine an aging condition for the at least one first switch for the first phase based on an equivalent time, Teq of the at least one first switch, wherein Teq corresponds to an amount of time the at least one first switch is active and on an operating temperature of the at least one first switch while the at least one first switch is active.

Abstract: A sensor for monitoring battery current includes a shunt and a current source. The shunt has a resistance with an actual value. The current source is configured to provide a known value of current through the shunt. A controller is configured to generate a measured value of the current through the shunt as a function of a measured value of voltage drop across the shunt caused by the current through the shunt and an assumed value of the resistance of the shunt. The controller is further configured to detect the assumed value of the resistance of the shunt as being different than the actual value of the resistance of the shunt when the known and measured values of the current differ.

Abstract: A memory architecture includes a non-volatile, application memory block having first application code for application functions capable of being called by first application, a non-volatile launcher memory block having second application code for application functions capable of being called by a second application, a non-volatile, shared memory block having shared code for shared functions, and a fixed memory locations dedicated within the shared memory block to store shared function pointers, and a volatile memory storing callback pointers. The second application code is launcher code that is operable to initialize the first application code. At least one volatile memory storing callback pointer is associated with each one of the shared functions. The callback pointers point to callback function code when the first application is executing and to callback function code when the second application is executing.

Abstract: In at least one embodiment, an apparatus for diagnosing a state of a capacitive sensor is provided. The apparatus comprises a measuring circuit for being electrically coupled to a capacitive sensor. The measuring circuit is configured to measure a first impedance of the capacitive sensor at a first frequency and to determine a first capacitance of the capacitive sensor at the first frequency based on the first impedance. The measuring circuit is further configured to compare the first capacitance of the capacitive sensor to a first threshold and to a second threshold to diagnose the capacitive sensor.

Abstract: A system and method are disclosed for monitoring at least one relay contact. The system may include an emitter adapted for communication with a relay contact and configured to emit a signal, and a receiver adapted for communication with the relay contact and configured to detect a signal emitted by the emitter. The system may further include a controller adapted for communication with the emitter and receiver, and configured to determine an open or closed state of the relay contact. The controller may control the emitter to emit a signal, may determine a closed state of the relay contact if the receiver detects the signal, and may determine an open state of the relay contact if the receiver fails to detect the signal.

Abstract: A monitor for monitoring isolation resistance, impedance, or other isolation reflective conditions between vehicle systems as contemplated. The monitor may be useful in assessing insulation resistance between a high-voltage power net and a low-voltage power net. The monitor may be configured to assess a sufficiency of the insulation resistance based on a frequency response of the high-voltage power net.

Abstract: A method and system include a converter such as an analog-to-digital converter (“ADC”) and a controller. The converter is configured to receive a sensor signal, indicative of a physical measured quantity, and generate an output signal based on the sensor signal and the voltage reference. The converter is further configured to alternately receive a calibration voltage in lieu of the sensor signal and generate the output signal based on the calibration voltage and the voltage reference. The controller is configured to compare the output signal based on the calibration voltage and the voltage reference with an expected value of the output signal based on the calibration voltage and an assumed value of the voltage reference to detect variation of the voltage reference, and to compensate the output signal based on the sensor signal and the voltage reference as a function of the detected variation of the voltage reference.

Abstract: A system for minimizing variation of a voltage reference includes a voltage reference generator and a power converter. The voltage reference generator is configured to generate a voltage reference from a supply voltage. The power converter, such as a flyback converter, is configured to supply an adjustable supply voltage to the voltage reference generator. The voltage reference generator generates the voltage reference from the adjustable supply voltage.