Abstract: Apparatuses, methods, and systems are disclosed for authenticating with a mobile communication network. One apparatus includes a memory comprising instructions executable by a processor to cause the apparatus to receive, from a remote unit, a first request to start authentication via a non-3GPP access network and to send, to the remote unit, an EAP-Start packet to initiate an EAP-5G session between the apparatus and the remote unit for exchanging NAS messages between the remote unit and an AMF via the apparatus. Here, the EAP-5G session utilizes EAP-5G packets having an expanded EAP type and a 3GPP vendor ID, the NAS messages being encapsulated within the EAP-5G packets. The apparatus further receives, from the remote unit, an EAP-5G response packet including a NAS request message and a first set of AN-Params including a PLMN ID of the mobile communication network and NSSAI.

Abstract: Apparatuses, methods, and systems are disclosed for registering with a mobile communication network (“MCN”) through another MCN. A network entity in a first MCN may include at least one processor coupled with at least one memory and configured to cause the network entity to receive a first request message including an indication that the data connection is to facilitate a UE to register with a second MCN; select a gateway function in the second MCN; initiate an access procedure with the gateway function; relay authentication messages between the gateway function and the UE; establish the data connection in the first MCN in response to a successful completion of the access procedure; and transmit an accept message indicating that the data connection with the first MCN is successfully established, where the registration of the UE with the second MCN is completed via the established data connection.

Abstract: Apparatuses, methods, and systems are disclosed for provisioning a remote unit via a smart contract in a blockchain network. One apparatus includes a processor and a transceiver, wherein the processor controls the transceiver to emit a first event in response to receiving a first blockchain message from a first blockchain address and collect a plurality of second blockchain messages. Here, the first event including information about a remote unit and each second blockchain message containing a subscription offer for the remote unit. The transceiver emits a second event in response to receiving a third blockchain message from the first blockchain address. Here, the third blockchain message including user selection of one of the collected subscription offers. The transceiver receives a fourth blockchain message containing provisioning data for the remote unit and emits a third event after successfully validating the fourth blockchain message.

Abstract: Apparatuses, methods, and systems are disclosed for configuring disaster assistance information. One method includes determining, at a first network function, the occurrence of a disaster condition. The method includes determining disaster detection assistance information, determining disaster roaming assistance information, or a combination thereof. The method includes transmitting a configuration message to a device. The configuration message includes: the disaster detection assistance information; the disaster roaming assistance information; or a combination thereof.

Abstract: Apparatuses, methods, and systems are disclosed for selecting a non-3GPP access network using announced supported S-NSSAIs. One apparatus includes a transceiver and a processor that decides to connect with a first network slice in a first Public Land Mobile Network via a non-3GPP access network. The transceiver sends a first request to each N3AN in a first list of N3ANs, the first request requesting cellular network information, and receives a first response from at least one N3AN in the first list of N3ANs. The processor constructs a second list of N3ANs based on the first response and selects a first N3AN from the second list of N3AN. The transceiver sends a registration request to the first PLMN via the first N3AN, where the registration request indicates that registration with the first network slice is required.

Abstract: Apparatuses, methods, and systems are disclosed for monitoring a QoS parameter. One apparatus includes a processor and a transceiver that receives a request to monitor a QoS parameter for a data connection of a remote unit. The processor modifies a downlink packet to include an indication for a QoS monitoring report. The transceiver receives a QoS monitoring result from an access network node in response to delivery of the modified downlink packet and the processor determines a value of the QoS parameter based on delivery information of the downlink packet.

Abstract: Apparatuses, methods, and systems are disclosed for RTT determination based on analytics. One apparatus includes a processor that establishes a multiaccess data connection with a UPF in a mobile communication network. The multiaccess data connection enables data communication via a non-3GPP access network and via a 3GPP access network. The apparatus includes a transmitter that transmits a first performance measurement functionality message to the UPF. The first performance measurement functionality message triggers a request of a first type of analytics from a network data analytics function. The apparatus includes a receiver that receives a second performance measurement functionality message from the UPF in response to the network data analytics function providing the first type of analytics. The second performance measurement functionality message contains estimated RTT values for the non-3GPP access network and/or the 3GPP access network.

Abstract: Apparatuses, methods, and systems are disclosed for determining mobile network policy freshness. One method includes accessing a first policy associated with a first mobile network, a first policy identifier, and a freshness parameter. The method includes determining, based on the freshness parameter, whether the first policy is fresh. The method includes transmitting a registration message to a second mobile network. The registration message includes the first policy identifier in response to determining that the first policy is not fresh.

Abstract: Apparatuses, methods, and systems are disclosed for WLAN access network selection. One apparatus includes a transceiver and a processor that identifies a first data flow that matches a first URSP rule. Here, the first URSP rule indicates that the first data flow is to be transmitted over a N3AN, where the first URSP rule contains a reference to a first rule. The processor selects a first N3AN by applying the first WLANSP rule. The transceiver transmits the first data flow via the selected N3AN.

Abstract: Apparatuses, methods, and systems are disclosed for associating the start of an encrypted data flow with an application. One apparatus includes a memory storing instructions executable by a processor to cause the apparatus to authenticate an encrypted traffic detection function (“ETDF”) of the remote unit and to provide the remote unit with a list of application identifiers for which encrypted traffic detection information is to be provided, in response to successfully authenticating the ETDF of the remote unit. The instructions are executable by the processor to cause the apparatus to generate detection information for each application in the list of application identifiers and to send the list of application identifiers and the detection information for each application in the list of application identifiers to a network function in the mobile communication network.

Abstract: Apparatuses, methods, and systems are disclosed for registering with a mobile communication network (“MCN”) through another MCN. One apparatus includes a processor and a transceiver, wherein the apparatus is registered with a first MCN. The processor determines to register with a second MCN via the first MCN and sends a request to establish a data connection with the first MCN. The processor receives a command from the first MCN that initiates an authentication procedure with the first MCN and a registration procedure for registering the apparatus with the MCN. The processor exchanges a plurality of authentication messages with the first MCN, each of the authentication messages containing a signaling message for registering the apparatus with the second MCN, and completes the registration with the second MCN via the data connection in response to successfully establishing the data connection.

Abstract: Apparatuses, methods, and systems are disclosed for selecting a non-3GPP access network. One apparatus includes a memory coupled to a processor configured to cause the apparatus to generate a list indicating a set of PLMNs and a respective trusted connectivity type associated with each PLMN of the set of PLMNs, select a PLMN from the set of PLMNs, select a trusted connectivity type associated with the selected PLMN, and select a non-3GPP access network from a set of non-3GPP access networks based on the non-3GPP access network supporting the selected trusted connectivity type associated with the selected PLMN and a priority of the non-3GPP access network. Additionally, the processor causes the apparatus to perform a connection procedure with the selected PLMN using the selected trusted connectivity type and via the selected non-3GPP access network.

Abstract: Apparatuses, methods, and systems are disclosed for determining what type of network connection to establish from an operating system (“OS”) specific connection capability. One apparatus includes a processor and a transceiver that communicates with a mobile communication network over one or more access networks. The processor receives a first request to establish a network connection. Here, the first request includes a first connection capability, the first connection capability being an OS-specific parameter indicating a preferred connection characteristic. The processor selects a routing policy rule based on the first connection capability and sends (via the transceiver) a second request to the mobile communication network to establish a first type of network connection. Here, the first type of network connection is indicated by the selected routing policy rule.

Abstract: Apparatuses, methods, and systems are disclosed for measuring access network performance (“ANP”) parameters for a multi-access data connection. One apparatus includes a transceiver that communicate with at least one function in a mobile communication network and a processor coupled to the transceiver. The processor is configured to cause the apparatus to: receive, from a network function, a policy request message indicating a remote unit requesting a multi-access data supports access network performance measurements; derive at least one traffic steering rule that contains an ANP parameter; determine measurement assistance information for the remote unit in response to the at least one traffic steering rule that contains an ANP parameter; and return the at least one traffic steering rule that contains an ANP parameter and the measurement assistance information in response to the policy request message.

Abstract: For establishing network connections via a trusted gateway function, a method includes relaying a first set of messages of a first type between a remote unit and a mobile communication network via a non-3GPP access network, sending a connection setup request to the remote unit via the non-3GPP access network, and relaying subsequent messages of the first type between the remote unit and the mobile communication network via the non-3GPP access, where the first set of messages are encapsulated with a first encapsulation protocol and where the first set of messages initiate a registration procedure to the mobile communication network, where the connection request setup contains information for activating a second encapsulation protocol, where the subsequent messages are encapsulated with the second encapsulation protocol, and where the subsequent messages complete the registration procedure.

Abstract: Apparatuses, methods, and systems are disclosed for domain name system determination. One method (600) includes transmitting (602), from a first network function, first instructions to a second network function. The first instructions indicate forwarding DNS requests received from an application in a first device to the first network function. The method (600) includes receiving (604), from the second network function, a first DNS request received from an application in the first device based on the first instructions. The DNS request includes a FQDN. The method (600) includes determining (606) to use network analytics from a third network function to determine an application server for the FQDN. The method (600) includes transmitting (608) a first request to the third network function. The first request includes: a request for data network performance analytics; the FQDN: a device identity of the first device; and/or a current location of the first device.

Abstract: Apparatuses, methods, and systems are disclosed for access network selection using a selection policy rule with network slice selection assistance information. One apparatus includes a processor and a transceiver that communicates with a mobile communication network via at least one access network. The processor receives at least one WLANSP rule, the at least one WLANSP rule containing a S-NSSAI list and a selection criteria set containing at least one SSID in a preferred SSID list. The processor detects a request to establish a data connection with a first network slice in the mobile communication network over a WLAN access network. The processor selects a first WLAN access network identified by a first SSID based on the at least one WLANSP rule and establishes a data connection with the first network slice in the mobile communication network over the first WLAN access network.

Abstract: Apparatuses, methods, and systems are disclosed for WLAN selection. One apparatus includes a transceiver and a processor coupled to the transceiver. The processor is configured to cause the apparatus to receive WLAN selection/routing signaling from a serving PLMN and to identify whether the apparatus is connected to a WLAN. The processor is further configured to cause the apparatus to determine whether to accept the WLAN selection/routing signaling based on whether the apparatus is connected to a WLAN and/or a based on a device configuration. In various embodiments, the WLAN selection/routing signaling is a LWA command, a RCLWI command, or a LWIP command.

Abstract: Apparatuses, methods, and systems are disclosed for data packet steering on a multi-access data connection. One apparatus includes a processor, a first transceiver and a second transceiver that communicate with a mobile communication network via a first access network and a second access network, respectively. The processor determines to establish a multi-access data connection that includes a first user-plane connection over the first access network and a second user-plane connection over the second access network. The processor receives steering rules for the multi-access data connection and generates a first data packet to be sent over the multi-access data connection. The processor transmits the first data packet over a selected one of the first and second user-plane connections, the selection based a first steering rule that applies to the first data packet.

Abstract: Apparatuses, methods, and systems are disclosed for suspending services in a first core network while attached to a second core network. One apparatus includes a processor configured to cause the apparatus to: A) receive a first message indicating to release a connection associated with a remote unit and a set of paging restrictions associated with the remote unit; B) set an idle state for the remote unit, the idle state indicating to refrain data transmission to the remote unit and refrain from paging the remote unit according to the set of paging restrictions; and C) transmit a second message in response to the first message, the second message indicating an acceptance of the set of paging restrictions.