Abstract: The present disclosure provides a system and a method for providing mobility management and out-of-coverage indication in a conventional Land Mobile Radio (LMR) system. A radio provides its location and user group data to the disclosed system through its traffic channel when the channel is idle. Knowledge of the radio's current location and user group data is used to provide dynamic call routing and data management within the disclosed system. The disclosed system and method may provide operability similar to that of a trunking system by providing mobility management and out-of-coverage indication while providing low-cost benefits through operation of a conventional system.

Abstract: A system and method for providing communication in a distributed LMR system architecture is provided herein, wherein the system includes a plurality of LMR subsystems interconnected by a data network. In some embodiments, a subsystem may include a distributed simulcast architecture comprising a plurality of LMR sites, each site having a subsystem controller and a plurality of repeaters. In one embodiment, one subsystem controller operates in an active mode and the remaining subsystem controllers operate in standby to provide redundancy. The repeaters include integrated voter comparator and simulcast controller functionality and circuitry. In some embodiments, the repeaters are operable in an active or standby mode, wherein repeaters in the active mode perform voter comparator and simulcast controller functionality. The distributed simulcast architecture provides simulcast controller and voter comparator redundancy, network failure redundancy, and site redundancy.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a system and a method for providing mobility management and out-of-coverage indication in a hybrid system comprised of conventional LMR sites and trunking LMR sites. If a radio is located at a conventional site, the radio provides its location and user group data to the disclosed system through its traffic channel when the channel is idle. If the radio is located at a trunking site, the radio provides its location and user group data to the disclosed system through the trunking site's control channel. Knowledge of the radio's current location and user group data is used to provide dynamic call routing and data management within the disclosed system. The disclosed system and method provides seamless communication between a trunking site and a conventional site while concurrently enhancing the hybrid system to provide mobility management and out-of-coverage indication features typically associated with a stand-alone trunking system.

Abstract: A method and system for authentication of sites in a land mobile radio (LMR) system and encryption of messages exchanged by the sites. In some embodiments, the method includes transmitting a certificate created by a trusted authority by applying a function to a first site public key using the trusted authority's private key to generate a reduced representation, which is encrypted with the trusted authority's private key. Other sites may receive the certificate, decrypt it using the trusted authority's public key, and authenticate the first site. The method may further include generating a session key, encrypting it with the public key of the first site, and transmitting the encrypted session key to the first site. The first site decrypts the encrypted session key with the first site's private key, and transmits a message encrypted with the shared session key to other sites for decryption using the session key.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a system and a method for providing mobility management and out-of-coverage indication in a conventional Land Mobile Radio (LMR) system. A radio provides its location and user group data to the disclosed system through its traffic channel when the channel is idle. Knowledge of the radio's current location and user group data is used to provide dynamic call routing and data management within the disclosed system. The disclosed system and method may provide operability similar to that of a trunking system by providing mobility management and out-of-coverage indication while providing low-cost benefits through operation of a conventional system.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a system and a method for providing mobility management and out-of-coverage indication in a hybrid system comprised of conventional LMR sites and trunking LMR sites. If a radio is located at a conventional site, the radio provides its location and user group data to the disclosed system through its traffic channel when the channel is idle. If the radio is located at a trunking site, the radio provides its location and user group data to the disclosed system through the trunking site's control channel. Knowledge of the radio's current location and user group data is used to provide dynamic call routing and data management within the disclosed system. The disclosed system and method provides seamless communication between a trunking site and a conventional site while concurrently enhancing the hybrid system to provide mobility management and out-of-coverage indication features typically associated with a stand-alone trunking system.

Abstract: A method and system for authentication of sites in a land mobile radio (LMR) system and encryption of messages exchanged by the sites. In some embodiments, the method includes transmitting a certificate created by a trusted authority by applying a function to a first site public key using the trusted authority's private key to generate a reduced representation, which is encrypted with the trusted authority's private key. Other sites may receive the certificate, decrypt it using the trusted authority's public key, and authenticate the first site. The method may further include generating a session key, encrypting it with the public key of the first site, and transmitting the encrypted session key to the first site. The first site decrypts the encrypted session key with the first site's private key, and transmits a message encrypted with the shared session key to other sites for decryption using the session key.

Abstract: An integrated Land Mobile Radio (LMR) system enables communication between a trunking LMR system and a conventional LMR system. The trunking LMR system includes a trunking site controller including a first network gateway router. The trunking LMR system includes at least one trunking control channel and a plurality of trunking traffic channel. The trunking traffic channels each are assigned to a specific trunking LMR subscriber by the trunking site controller to enable the trunking LMR subscribers to communicate with one another. The conventional LMR system includes a conventional site controller including a second network gateway router connected to the first network gateway router by a data network. The conventional LMR system includes a plurality of conventional traffic channels. The conventional traffic channels are each assigned to a specific conventional LMR subscriber by the conventional site controller to enable the conventional LMR subscribers to communicate.

Abstract: A method and system are provided for peer-to-peer communication among a plurality of sites in a land mobile radio (LMR) system. The sites are interconnected by a data network, such as an IP network. When a site, referred to as the initiating site, intends to communicate with other sites, the initiating site transmits a call request message. The call request message is multicast over the data network to the intended recipients. The initiating site receives an acknowledgement message from the other sites confirming their willingness to communicate with the initiating site. The initiating site then sends a voice message, via multicasting, to the other sites interested in the call.

Abstract: A method and system is provided for peer-to-peer communication among a plurality of sites in a land mobile radio (LMR) system. The sites are interconnected by a data network, such as an IP network. When a site, referred to as the initiating site, intends to communicate with other sites, the initiating site transmits a call request message. The call request message is multicast over the data network to the intended recipients. The initiating site receives an acknowledgement message from the other sites confirming their willingness to communicate with the initiating site. The initiating site then sends a voice message, via multicasting, to the other sites interested in the call.

Abstract: The invention relates to photoprotective personal care compositions. It is an object of the present invention to provide for benefits of photoprotection over the visible light region while giving the skin a pleasing even appearance. This is achieved by using a selective combination of an inorganic pigment particle that has a specific light scattering property (reflection of incident light predominantly in the blue region) and an organic dye that has a specific light absorption property (absorption of incident light predominantly in the blue region).

Abstract: The invention relates to personal care compositions for improved skin appearance especially for dark skinned consumers. The personal care composition of the present invention comprises a selective combination of an inorganic pigment particle that has a specific light scattering property (reflection of incident light predominantly in the red region) and an organic dye that has a specific light absorption property (absorption of incident light predominantly in the blue region). This selective combination provides for the highly pleasing even skin appearance.

Abstract: An exemplary land mobile radio dispatch console and method are provided. In one embodiment, the console has the capability to process and handle Requests To Talk (RTT) and emergencies. In another embodiment, the console has the capability to provide a history. In another embodiment, the console provides the capability for operators to configure and save patches of predefined groups for later use. In another embodiment, the console includes a telephone interconnect interface component, and combinations of features mentioned above.

Abstract: A method and system for authentication of sites in a land mobile radio (LMR) system and encryption of messages exchanged by the sites. In some embodiments, the method includes transmitting a certificate created by a trusted authority by applying a function to a first site public key using the trusted authority's private key to generate a reduced representation, which is encrypted with the trusted authority's private key. Other sites may receive the certificate, decrypt it using the trusted authority's public key, and authenticate the first site. The method may further include generating a session key, encrypting it with the public key of the first site, and transmitting the encrypted session key to the first site. The first site decrypts the encrypted session key with the first site's private key, and transmits a message encrypted with the shared session key to other sites for decryption using the session key.

Abstract: A method and system for authentication of a plurality of sites in a land mobile radio (LMR) system and for encryption of messages exchanged by the sites. The plurality of sites are connected by a data network (e.g., IP network). The method includes transmitting by a first site its certificate. The certificate is created by a trusted authority by applying a selected function to the public key, the ID and other relevant information of the first site with the trusted authority's private key to generate a reduced representation and then encrypting the reduced representation with the trusted authority's private key. The method further includes receiving, by the other sites in the LMR system, the certificate transmitted by the first site. The method further includes decrypting, by the other sites, the certificate transmitted by the first site and authenticating the first site, wherein the certificate is decrypted using the trusted authority's public key.

Abstract: An integrated Land Mobile Radio (LMR) system enables communication between a trunking LMR system and a conventional LMR system. The trunking LMR system includes a trunking site controller including a first network gateway router. The trunking LMR system includes at least one trunking control channel and a plurality of trunking traffic channel. The trunking traffic channels each are assigned to a specific trunking LMR subscriber by the trunking site controller to enable the trunking LMR subscribers to communicate with one another. The conventional LMR system includes a conventional site controller including a second network gateway router connected to the first network gateway router by a data network. The conventional LMR system includes a plurality of conventional traffic channels. The conventional traffic channels are each assigned to a specific conventional LMR subscriber by the conventional site controller to enable the conventional LMR subscribers to communicate.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a system and method for simulating a land mobile radio system having a plurality of radio sites. The simulation system may comprise an IP network providing an IP-based interface between components within the system such as, for example, a first server designed to simulate one or more radio sites, a second server designed to simulate one or more subscriber units, and a controller interface for providing commands for controlling the simulated subscriber units. Each site in the first server may include one or more site applications each associated with an IP address, and each subscriber unit in the second server is associated with a plurality of IP addresses for communicating with the site applications over the IP network.

Abstract: A method and system is provided for peer-to-peer communication among a plurality of sites in a land mobile radio (LMR) system. The sites are interconnected by a data network, such as an IP network. When a site, referred to as the initiating site, intends to communicate with other sites, the initiating site transmits a call request message. The call request message is multicast over the data network to the intended recipients. The initiating site receives an acknowledgement message from the other sites confirming their willingness to communicate with the initiating site. The initiating site then sends a voice message, via multicasting, to the other sites interested in the call.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a system and a method for providing mobility management and out-of-coverage indication in a hybrid system comprised of conventional LMR sites and trunking LMR sites. If a radio is located at a conventional site, the radio provides its location and user group data to the disclosed system through its traffic channel when the channel is idle. If the radio is located at a trunking site, the radio provides its location and user group data to the disclosed system through the trunking site's control channel. Knowledge of the radio's current location and user group data is used to provide dynamic call routing and data management within the disclosed system. The disclosed system and method provides seamless communication between a trunking site and a conventional site while concurrently enhancing the hybrid system to provide mobility management and out-of-coverage indication features typically associated with a stand-alone trunking system.

Abstract: An integrated Land Mobile Radio (LMR) system enables communication between a trunking land mobile radio (trunking LMR) system and a conventional land mobile radio (conventional LMR) system. The trunking LMR system includes a trunking site controller including a first network gateway router. The trunking LMR system includes at least one trunking control channel and a plurality of trunking traffic channel. The trunking traffic channels each are assigned to a specific trunking LMR subscriber by the trunking site controller to enable the trunking LMR subscribers to communicate with one another. The conventional LMR system includes a conventional site controller including a second network gateway router connected to the first network gateway router by a data network. The conventional LMR system includes a plurality of conventional traffic channels.