Abstract: An exhaust gas arrangement includes an exhaust gas system for conveying an exhaust gas stream. The exhaust gas system includes a turbine and an exhaust gas treatment system. The exhaust gas arrangement further includes a working fluid circulation circuit connected to the exhaust gas system for recovery of energy from the exhaust gas stream. The working fluid circulation circuit includes a first heat exchanger which is arranged at a waste heat source for heat exchange between the waste heat source and a working fluid in the working fluid circulation circuit, and a second heat exchanger positioned in the exhaust gas system for heat exchange between the exhaust gas and the working fluid. The second heat exchanger is positioned downstream of the turbine and upstream of a particle filter in the exhaust gas treatment system. An internal combustion engine system and a vehicle including such an exhaust gas arrangement are also disclosed.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine system with heat recovery includes an internal combustion engine with a waste heat passage, an electric motor, a heat recovery assembly including a working fluid circulation circuit with a working fluid, a first heat source which is adapted to be heated by the waste heat passage and adapted to heat the working fluid, and an expander engine, which is operated by the heated working fluid, and a splitting device, which is connected to the electric motor and is adapted to be connected to a drivetrain of a vehicle and which splitting device is further connected to the expander engine, so that the expander engine is enabled to drive the drivetrain and/or the electric motor. The internal combustion engine system further includes at least a second heat source for providing heat to the heat recovery assembly. A vehicle including such an internal combustion engine system is also provided.

Abstract: A two-stroke opposed piston internal combustion engine including a plurality of cylinders, each cylinder being provided with a first piston and a second piston adapted to perform opposed motions in the cylinder, each cylinder being provided with at least one intake port, a communication between an air intake arrangement and the cylinder via the intake port being dependent on the position of the first piston, each cylinder further being provided with at least one exhaust port, a communication between an exhaust guiding arrangement and the cylinder via the exhaust port being dependent on the position of the second piston, at least one of the cylinders being provided with an additional port and an additional port valve, a communication between the cylinder and an additional conduit externally of the cylinder, via the additional port, being controllable with the additional port valve, the air intake arrangement including at least one intake valve for selectively reducing or inhibiting air admittance to at least o

Abstract: An internal combustion engine including a first set of cylinders includes: a first two-stroke compression cylinder housing a first compression piston connected to a first crank shaft; an intermediate two-stroke compression cylinder housing an intermediate compression piston, wherein the second two-stroke compression cylinder is configured to receive compressed gas from the first two-stroke compression cylinder; and a first four-stroke combustion cylinder housing a first combustion piston, wherein the first four-stroke combustion cylinder is configured to receive compressed gas from the intermediate two-stroke compression cylinder; wherein the internal combustion engine further includes a second set of cylinders including: a second two-stroke compression cylinder housing a second compression piston connected to the first crank shaft, wherein the second two-stroke compression cylinder is configured to provide compressed gas to the intermediate two-stroke compression cylinder; and a second four-stroke combustion

Abstract: An internal combustion engine including a first set of cylinders includes: a first two-stroke compression cylinder housing a first compression piston connected to a first crank shaft; a first four-stroke combustion cylinder housing a first combustion piston connected to a second crank shaft, the first four-stroke combustion cylinder being configured to receive compressed gas from the first two-stroke compression cylinder; and a first two-stroke expansion cylinder housing a first expansion piston connected to the first crank shaft, the first two-stroke expansion cylinder being configured to receive exhaust gas from the first four-stroke combustion cylinder, wherein the first compression piston is positioned to reach a lower end position within the first compression cylinder and the first expansion piston is positioned to reach an upper end position within the first expansion cylinder when the first combustion piston reaches a lower end position within the first combustion cylinder; wherein the second crank sha

Abstract: Systems, apparatuses, and methods for providing feedback in an electronic sourcing system. A system is configured to receive a first optimization model whose solution represents an allocation or award of items being bid upon. The first optimization model comprises a plurality of bids and one or more allocation rules representing one or more constraints on the allocation. Subsequent to determining the optimization model is not feasible, the system is configured to compare the one or more allocation rules to a reference allocation. Subsequent to determining an allocation rule of the one or more allocation rules is in conflict with the reference allocation, system is configured to relax the allocation rule in the first optimization model to create a second optimization model, and solve the second optimization model to generate an allocation compatible with the second optimization model.

Abstract: Systems, apparatuses, and methods for providing feedback in an electronic sourcing system. A system is configured to receive bids from users in an electronic sourcing system. Additionally, the system receives one or more rules from the users that describe desired properties of an award of one or more items. Responsive to such input, the system builds a model based at least in part on rules provided by one or more users. If one or more irreducible infeasible sets of constraints are identified in the model, where the one or more sets of irreducible infeasible constraints include the given constraint, information based on said one or more irreducible infeasible sets is output.

Abstract: A method for determining the state of a battery comprising at least two battery strings, wherein said battery strings are connected to a load and to a power supply unit, the method comprising: disconnecting (401) at least one first battery strings from said load; reducing (402) an output voltage of said power supply unit to said load below a first threshold value; discharging (403) at least one second battery string to said load; monitoring (404) the discharging of the at least one second battery string; determining (405) a capacity of said at least one second battery string based on at least in part the monitoring of discharging; and reconnecting (406) said at least one first battery strings to said power supply unit and to said load.

Abstract: Systems, apparatuses, and methods for managing advanced projects such as optimization-based e-sourcing and resource allocation. A number of components and methods allow a user to specify complex content in a tender or project. Advantageously, manual work outside the system and the need for tailoring an existing system by custom programming is decreased.

Abstract: According to an embodiment a method for an SPD (300a; 300b) is provided. The method comprises obtaining (405) a current measurement value I from a measurement of an input or an output current of a victim unit (210) associated with the SPD (300a; 300b). Based on the current measurement value I a determination is made whether to initiate a voltage limitation in the SPD (300a; 300b). In case it is determined to initiate the voltage limitation, the voltage limitation is initiated. An SPD (300; 300b) configured for corresponding operation is also provided. A discovered advantage is that input/output current of a victim unit is much less sensitive to impedance clamping effects compared to SPD voltages. A detection of surge conditions becomes more reliable.

Abstract: The present invention refers to a catalyst for aldehyde production, in particular formaldehyde or acetaldehyde production, through selective oxidation of alkanol, especially methanol or ethanol, with oxygen, said catalyst having a spinel structure. The catalyst typically comprises a Fea+qVb+xMoc+y?zO4 spinel structure wherein ? is an optional cation vacancy and wherein z=3?q?x?y and q×a+x×b+y×c=8 in concentrations corresponding to 0.6<q<3, 0?x<1.5, 0?y?1 and 0?z<1.3 and 2?a?3, 3?b?5 and 3?c?6. The present invention further refers to a process for producing said catalyst and to the use of said catalyst for selective oxidation of alkanol, preferably methanol or ethanol, with oxygen to aldehyde, preferably formaldehyde or acetaldehyde.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine system includes a cylinder block with a plurality of cylinders, a gas intake manifold for providing at least air to the cylinder block and an exhaust gas manifold for exiting the exhaust gas from the cylinder block, wherein the exhaust gas manifold includes at least a main exhaust gas outlet and a waste gate exhaust gas outlet, wherein the main exhaust gas outlet is connected to a main exhaust gas pipe for guiding the exhaust gas to a main exhaust gas after treatment system and the waste gate exhaust gas outlet is connected to a waste gate exhaust gas pipe, and wherein the waste gate exhaust gas pipe is reconnected to the main exhaust gas pipe upstream of the main exhaust gas after treatment system and includes at least one waste gate exhaust gas after treatment unit, such as an oxidation catalyst such as a diesel oxidation catalyst, for catalytically treating the exhaust gas streaming through the waste gate exhaust gas pipe, and to a method for increasing the temperature in an i

Abstract: A waste heat recovery apparatus for use with an internal combustion engine includes a working fluid circuit having a first heating line and a second heating line parallel to the first heating line, a first heat exchanger in the first heating line operatively connected to transfer heat energy to the working fluid from a waste exhaust flow of an internal combustion engine, a second heat exchanger in the second heating line operatively connected to transfer heat energy to the working fluid from recirculating exhaust gas the internal combustion engine, and a recuperative heat exchanger operatively connected to transfer heat energy to the working fluid in the first heating line from the working fluid at a junction of an expander outlet and condenser inlet.

Abstract: An electronic fuse (506, 507) suitable for use in a direct current, DC, applications which is exposed to surges. The electronic fuse (506,507) comprises a current sensor (500) for measuring a current flowing in a current path of the DC system, the electronic fuse comprising a first transistor switch (501) which is arranged in the current path, the first transistor switch comprising at least one parasitic diode (511) having a forward direction which is opposite to an operational DC direction of the current path. The electronic fuse further comprising a controller (502) operatively connected to the current sensor (500) and adapted to control the first transistor switch (501) based on the measured current, and a current restrictor (503,520) which is capable of blocking a current from flowing in the current path in a direction opposite to the operational DC direction.

Abstract: A method for determining the state of a battery comprising at least two battery strings, wherein said battery strings are connected to a load and to a power supply unit, the method comprising: disconnecting (401) at least one first battery strings from said load; reducing (402) an output voltage of said power supply unit to said load below a first threshold value; discharging (403) at least one second battery string to said load; monitoring (404) the discharging of the at least one second battery string; determining (405) a capacity of said at least one second battery string based on at least in part the monitoring of discharging; and reconnecting (406) said at least one first battery strings to said power supply unit and to said load.

Abstract: A method and an arrangement are provided for reducing a NOx-content in the exhaust gas of an internal combustion engine in a vehicle. An exhaust gas recirculation supplies exhaust gas from the exhaust outlet to the intake of the internal combustion engine, and at least two energy absorbers are provided in series in the exhaust flow downstream of the exhaust outlet and absorb energy of the exhaust gas. The exhaust gas is overheated to a first temperature by driving the combustion engine in a range of rotational speed producing hot exhaust gas at the exhaust outlet. The first temperature is sufficient to drive the at least two energy absorbers. A temperature of the exhaust gas is established downstream of the at least two energy absorbers sufficient to remove NOx from the exhaust gas in the exhaust after treatment system with an efficiency of more than 80%.

Abstract: A waste heat recovery apparatus for use with an internal combustion engine includes a working fluid circuit having a first heating line and a second heating line parallel to the first heating line, a first heat exchanger in the first heating line operatively connected to transfer heat energy to the working fluid from a waste exhaust flow of an internal combustion engine, a second heat exchanger in the second heating line operatively connected to transfer heat energy to the working fluid from recirculating exhaust gas the internal combustion engine, and a recuperative heat exchanger operatively connected to transfer heat energy to the working fluid in the first heating line from the working fluid at a junction of an expander outlet and condenser inlet.

Abstract: A victim unit (310, 410) connectable to a surge protective device (300, 400a) via an alternating current system or a direct current system, the victim unit (310) comprises at least one victim unit sensor (313a, 314a, 315) adapted to measure at least one status parameter at the victim unit (310, 410) and a controller (312) operatively connected to the at least one victim unit sensor (313a, 314a, 315). The controller (312) is capable of initiating a voltage limitation of the victim unit (310) by controlling the surge protective device (300, 400a) if one or more of the at least one status parameters indicates that the victim unit (310) has reached a critical state.

Abstract: The present invention refers to a catalyst for aldehyde production, in particular formaldehyde or acetaldehyde production, through selective oxidation of alkanol, especially methanol or ethanol, with oxygen, said catalyst having a spinel structure. The catalyst typically comprises a Feaq+Vb+Moc+y+?zO4 spinel structure wherein ? is an optional cation vacancy and wherein wherein z=3?q?x?y and q×a+x×b+y×c=8 in concentrations corresponding to 0.6<q<3, 0<x<1.5, 0<y<1 and 0<z<1.3 and 2<a<3, 3<b<5 and 3<c<6. The present invention further refers to a process for producing said catalyst and to the use of said catalyst for selective oxidation of alkanol, preferably methanol or ethanol, with oxygen to aldehyde, preferably formaldehyde or acetaldehyde.

Abstract: An electronic fuse (506, 507) suitable for use in a direct current, DC, applications which is exposed to surges. The electronic fuse (506,507) comprises a current sensor (500) for measuring a current flowing in a current path of the DC system, the electronic fuse comprising a first transistor switch (501) which is arranged in the current path, the first transistor switch comprising at least one parasitic diode (511) having a forward direction which is opposite to an operational DC direction of the current path. The electronic fuse further comprising a controller (502) operatively connected to the current sensor (500) and adapted to control the first transistor switch (501) based on the measured current, and a current restrictor (503,520) which is capable of blocking a current from flowing in the current path in a direction opposite to the operational DC direction.