Abstract: A method and an arrangement are provided for reducing a NOx-content in the exhaust gas of an internal combustion engine in a vehicle. An exhaust gas recirculation supplies exhaust gas from the exhaust outlet to the intake of the internal combustion engine, and at least two energy absorbers are provided in series in the exhaust flow downstream of the exhaust outlet and absorb energy of the exhaust gas. The exhaust gas is overheated to a first temperature by driving the combustion engine in a range of rotational speed producing hot exhaust gas at the exhaust outlet. The first temperature is sufficient to drive the at least two energy absorbers. A temperature of the exhaust gas is established downstream of the at least two energy absorbers sufficient to remove NOx from the exhaust gas in the exhaust after treatment system with an efficiency of more than 80%.

Abstract: A waste heat recovery apparatus for use with an internal combustion engine includes a working fluid circuit having a first heating line and a second heating line parallel to the first heating line, a first heat exchanger in the first heating line operatively connected to transfer heat energy to the working fluid from a waste exhaust flow of an internal combustion engine, a second heat exchanger in the second heating line operatively connected to transfer heat energy to the working fluid from recirculating exhaust gas the internal combustion engine, and a recuperative heat exchanger operatively connected to transfer heat energy to the working fluid in the first heating line from the working fluid at a junction of an expander outlet and condenser inlet.

Abstract: A victim unit (310, 410) connectable to a surge protective device (300, 400a) via an alternating current system or a direct current system, the victim unit (310) comprises at least one victim unit sensor (313a, 314a, 315) adapted to measure at least one status parameter at the victim unit (310, 410) and a controller (312) operatively connected to the at least one victim unit sensor (313a, 314a, 315). The controller (312) is capable of initiating a voltage limitation of the victim unit (310) by controlling the surge protective device (300, 400a) if one or more of the at least one status parameters indicates that the victim unit (310) has reached a critical state.

Abstract: The present invention refers to a catalyst for aldehyde production, in particular formaldehyde or acetaldehyde production, through selective oxidation of alkanol, especially methanol or ethanol, with oxygen, said catalyst having a spinel structure. The catalyst typically comprises a Feaq+Vb+Moc+y+?zO4 spinel structure wherein ? is an optional cation vacancy and wherein wherein z=3?q?x?y and q×a+x×b+y×c=8 in concentrations corresponding to 0.6<q<3, 0<x<1.5, 0<y<1 and 0<z<1.3 and 2<a<3, 3<b<5 and 3<c<6. The present invention further refers to a process for producing said catalyst and to the use of said catalyst for selective oxidation of alkanol, preferably methanol or ethanol, with oxygen to aldehyde, preferably formaldehyde or acetaldehyde.

Abstract: An electronic fuse (506, 507) suitable for use in a direct current, DC, applications which is exposed to surges. The electronic fuse (506,507) comprises a current sensor (500) for measuring a current flowing in a current path of the DC system, the electronic fuse comprising a first transistor switch (501) which is arranged in the current path, the first transistor switch comprising at least one parasitic diode (511) having a forward direction which is opposite to an operational DC direction of the current path. The electronic fuse further comprising a controller (502) operatively connected to the current sensor (500) and adapted to control the first transistor switch (501) based on the measured current, and a current restrictor (503,520) which is capable of blocking a current from flowing in the current path in a direction opposite to the operational DC direction.

Abstract: The present invention concerns a process for the production of a cellulosic product comprising providing a fiber-containing suspension, wherein at least about 60% by weight of the fibers are cellulosic fibers, and dewatering the suspension on a wire to form a cellulosic fiber web, the process further comprising adding silica-based particles to the formed web and a wet strength agent to the suspension and/or to the formed web. The invention also concerns a product obtainable by the process. The invention further concerns a dispersion comprising silica-based particles and a substantially aldehyde-free wet strength agent. A further aspect of the invention concerns a dispersion comprising silica-based particles having a specific surface area ranging from about 1000 to about 1700 m2/g and a wet strength agent. Still another aspect of the invention concerns the use of the dispersion as an additive in a papermaking process.

Abstract: A method and an arrangement are provided for reducing a NOx-content in the exhaust gas of an internal combustion engine in a vehicle. The combustion engine includes at least one cylinder, an intake for the supply of air, an exhaust outlet for discharging exhaust gases into an exhaust after treatment system for reducing emissions of the internal combustion engine. An exhaust gas recirculation supplies exhaust gas from the exhaust outlet to the intake of the internal combustion engine, and at least two energy absorbers are provided in series in the exhaust flow downstream of the exhaust outlet and absorb energy of the exhaust gas. The exhaust gas is overheated to a first temperature by driving the combustion engine in a range of rotational speed producing hot exhaust gas at the exhaust outlet. The first temperature is sufficient to drive the at least two energy absorbers.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine exhaust gas system includes an EGR arrangement adapted to lead a first flow of exhaust gas, the EGR flow, from an outlet side of the engine to an inlet side of the engine, an exhaust gas conduit adapted to lead away a second flow of exhaust gas, the exhaust flow, from the outlet side of the engine, and an energy recovering unit, such as a turbo, associated with the exhaust gas conduit. The unit is adapted to recover exhaust gas energy from the exhaust flow. The system includes a heat exchanger adapted to allow heat exchange between at least a part of the EGR flow and at least a part of the exhaust flow, the heat exchanger being associated with the exhaust gas conduit at a position downstream the energy recovering unit.

Abstract: The present invention concerns a process for the production of a cellulosic product comprising providing a fiber-containing suspension, wherein at least about 60% by weight of the fibers are cellulosic fibers, and dewatering the suspension on a wire to form a cellulosic fiber web, the process further comprising adding silica-based particles to the formed web and a wet strength agent to the suspension and/or to the formed web. The invention also concerns a product obtainable by the process. The invention further concerns a dispersion comprising silica-based particles and a substantially aldehyde-free wet strength agent. A further aspect of the invention concerns a dispersion comprising silica-based particles having a specific surface area ranging from about 1000 to about 1700 m2/g and a wet strength agent. Still another aspect of the invention concerns the use of the dispersion as an additive in a papermaking process.

Abstract: A device for use in an exhaust aftertreatment system for an internal combustion engine is provided. The device comprises a particulate filter system having a particulate filter (DPF) for the collection of particles from the engine and a heating unit for the intermittent burning of soot at a temperature suitable for soot combustion. The particulate filter system is arranged to switch between an operating mode for the collection of soot and an operating mode for active regeneration. A bypass line extends between the inlet and outlet of the particulate filter system. A valve disposed in the bypass line allows opening or closing of an exhaust gas flow through the bypass line, in dependence on the operating mode of the particulate filter system, by a control member.

Abstract: The invention relates to a composition used for enhancing softness in paper products. The composition comprises (i) an oil, fat or wax (i) at least one non-ionic surfactant (iii) at least one anionic compound selected from anionic microparticles and anionic surfactants (iv) at least one polymer which is cationic, non-ionic or amphoteric wherein the non-ionic surfactant is added in an amount of from about 60 to about 1000 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of the polymer. The invention also relates to a process for production of paper comprising adding said composition to a cellulosic suspension or to a wet or dry paper web.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine exhaust gas system includes an EGR arrangement adapted to lead a first flow of exhaust gas, the EGR flow, from an outlet side of the engine to an inlet side of the engine, an exhaust gas conduit adapted to lead away a second flow of exhaust gas, the exhaust flow, from the outlet side of the engine, and an energy recovering unit, such as a turbo, associated with the exhaust gas conduit. The unit is adapted to recover exhaust gas energy from the exhaust flow. The system includes a heat exchanger adapted to allow heat exchange between at least a part of the EGR flow and at least a part of the exhaust flow, the heat exchanger being associated with the exhaust gas conduit at a position downstream the energy recovering unit.

Abstract: A method for providing an oil change indication to an operator of an internal combustion engine having an exhaust-after-treatment system requiring regeneration, The method includes detecting regeneration events performed on the exhaust-after-treatment system; detecting oil temperature events each time unit an oil temperature is over a threshold value, and providing the oil change indication to the operator as a function of the detected regeneration events and the detected oil temperature events.

Abstract: The invention relates to a composition used for enhancing softness in paper products. The composition comprises (i) an oil, fat or wax (i) at least one non-ionic surfactant (iii) at least one anionic compound selected from anionic microparticles and anionic surfactants (iv) at least one polymer which is cationic, non-ionic or amphoteric wherein the non-ionic surfactant is added in an amount of from about 60 to about 1000 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of the polymer. The invention also relates to a process for production of paper comprising adding said composition to a cellulosic suspension or to a wet or dry paper web.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for regeneration of a nitrogen oxide storage catalyst for a direct injected compression ignition engine. According to the invention, regeneration can be accomplished by adjusting air flow into the engine and controlling fuel injection to give a number of small part-injections during an expansion stroke of an engine cylinder.

Abstract: A method for providing an oil change indication to an operator of an internal combustion engine having an exhaust after treatment system requiring regeneration, The method includes detecting regeneration events performed on the exhaust after treatment system; detecting oil temperature events each time unit an oil temperature is over a threshold value, and providing the oil change indication to the operator as a function of the detected regeneration events and the detected oil temperature events.

Abstract: Method of controlling the injection of a fluid into an internal combustion engine, comprising a piston reciprocating in a cylinder between top and bottom dead center points, and a nozzle arranged in the cylinder. The method includes injecting a fluid with an initial injection pressure into the cylinder, the fluid being ignited, so that the pressure in the cylinder increases, thereby causing the piston to be displaced towards the top dead center point, and effecting at least one injection pause during injection. The injection, immediately after the injection pause, is effected so that the injection pressure has increased in an interval of more than 0 bar and up to 2000 bar relative to an injection pressure prevailing immediately prior to the injection pause, and the injection pause is effected for a duration corresponding to an angle of rotation of an engine crankshaft in the interval 1°-30°.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method of controlling the injection of a fluid into an internal combustion engine (1), comprising a piston (3) reciprocating in a cylinder (2) between top and bottom dead center points, and a nozzle (4) arranged in the cylinder (2). The method comprises the steps of injecting a fluid with an initial injection pressure (NOP1) into the cylinder (2), said fluid being ignited, so that the pressure in the cylinder (2) increases, thereby causing the piston (3) to be displaced towards the bottom dead center point in the cylinder (2), and that a least one injection pause (U1) is effected during the injection of the fluid.

Abstract: A method for preparing a wet strength agent comprising a first step of reacting a nitrogen-containing polymer with a hydrophobic compound to form hydrophobic side-chain substituents on the polymer, a second step of reacting the hydrophobised nitrogen-containing polymer obtained with a crosslinker to form a cationic nitrogen-containing resin, and a third step comprising forming of particles by emulsion polymerisation of one or more ethylenically unsaturated monomers in the presence of the wet strength resin formed. The invention further relates to a wet strength agent and resin. It further relates to the use of said agent and resin in cellulosic suspensions, the production of paper, preferably tissue paper, and paper, preferably tissue paper comprising a wet strength resin or agent.