Abstract: There is disclosed N-substituted arylamino-phenol-formaldehyde condensates which are substantially free of water, contain not more than 2% by weight of a phenol and possess unobvious properties, e.g., which have the residues of an N-substituted arylamine and 1.5 to 3 moles of formaldehyde for each mole of the said arylamine, contain from about 35% to 63% by weight of phenol residue, contain at least 3.5% by weight of nitrogen, have a melt viscosity of less than 2,000 cps at 175° C., a hydroxyl equivalent of about 195 to 220, a Methanol Tolerance of at least 40%, high solubility in organic solvents commonly used in epoxy formulations, and are self-catalyzing curatives for epoxy resins.

Abstract: There is disclosed N-substituted arylamino-phenol-formaldehyde condensates which are substantially free of water, contain not more than 2% by weight of a phenol and possess unobvious properties, e.g., which have the residues of an N-substituted arylamine and 1.5 to 3 moles of formaldehyde for each mole of the said arylamine, contain from about 35% to 63% by weight of phenol residue, contain at least 3.5% by weight of nitrogen, have a melt viscosity of less than 2,000 cps at 175° C., a hydroxyl equivalent of about 195 to 220, a Methanol Tolerance of at least 40%, high solubility in organic solvents commonly used in epoxy formulations, and are self-catalyzing curatives for epoxy resins.

Abstract: There is disclosed a triazine-phenol-aldehyde condensate which contains at least 15% of nitrogen, has a melt viscosity of not greater than 2,000 cps at 175° C. and a solubility of at least 80% by weight at 25° C. by the 90:10 methanol: water method. Also disclosed are methods for the manufacture of the condensate as well as its use in fire-retardant epoxy resin compositions suitable for the manufacture of laminates for electronic applications. Additionally, disclosed is a composition comprising a physical mixture of a triazine-phenol-aldehyde condensate with benzoguanamine and/or acetoguanamine wherein the mixture contains from about 0.5% to 20% of benzoguanamine, acetoguanamine and mixtures thereof based on the weight of the condensate. There is also disclosed a glycidylated triazine-phenol-aldehyde condensate of this invention.

Abstract: There is disclosed a triazine-phenol-aldehyde condensate which contains at least 15% of nitrogen, has a melt viscosity of not greater than 2,000 cps at 175° C. and a solubility of at least 80% by weight at 25° C. by the 90:10 methanol:water method. Also disclosed are methods for the manufacture of the condensate as well as its use in fire-retardant epoxy resin compositions suitable for the manufacture of laminates for electronic applications. Additionally, disclosed is a composition comprising a physical mixture of a triazine-phenol-aldehyde condensate with benzoguanamine and/or acetoguanamine wherein the mixture contains from about 0.5% to 20% of benzoguanamine, acetoguanamine and mixtures thereof based on the weight of the condensate. There is also disclosed a glycidylated triazine-phenol-aldehyde condensate of this invention.

Abstract: Glyoxal-phenolic condensates, epoxidized products thereof, as well as their method of manufacture are disclosed. The condensates and epoxidized products have exceptionally high fluorescence as well as good ultraviolet absorbance. There is also disclosed compositions and laminates containing the condensates and epoxidized products thereof.

Abstract: The specification discloses a method for the manufacture of a fluorescent polyphenolic product with high UV absorbance, its subsequent epoxidation as well as polyphenolic products and epoxidized derivatives and compositions thereof. The polyphenolic products are prepared by heating glyoxal at a temperature of about 80° C. to about 100° C. with a molar excess of a phenol in the presence of an acidic catalyst which is eliminated from the reaction mixture at a temperature below about 170° C. The total mole ratio of glyoxal to phenol charged to the reaction mixture is about 0.15 to 0.22 moles of glyoxal for each mole of phenol. The glyoxal is added continuously or by stepwise additions to the phenol so as to keep the aldehyde units in the reaction mixture to less than about 70% of the aldehyde units in the total quantity of glyoxal to be charged for making the polyphenol. Water is distilled stepwise or continuously from the reaction mixture.

Abstract: A catalyst composition comprising trifluoromethanesulfonic acid (also referred to as triflic acid) and a sufficient quantity of a substance (also referred to as a retarder) to decrease but not eliminate the catalytic activity of the acid is disclosed. Also disclosed, is a method and composition for condensing a hydroxyaryl with a diene by use of the catalyst composition. The method is capable of producing condensates having: a mole ratio of 1 mole of the diene to one mole of the hydroxyaryl; one mole of diene to two moles of the hydroxyaryl as well as higher molecular weight products such as resins by changes in temperature, time of reaction, type and quantity of retarder and other variables.

Abstract: The specification discloses a method for the manufacture of a fluorescent polyphenolic product with high UV absorbance, its subsequent epoxidation, polyphenolic products, epoxidized derivatives and compositions thereof as well as laminates containing fluorescent polyphenolic products and derivatives thereof. The polyphenolic products are prepared by heating glyoxal at a temperature of about 80° C. to about 100° C. with a molar excess of a phenol in the presence of an acidic catalyst which is eliminated from the reaction mixture at a temperature below about 170° C. The total mole ratio of glyoxal to phenol charged to the reaction mixture is about 0.15 to 0.22 moles of glyoxal for each mole of phenol. The glyoxal is added continuously or by stepwise additions to the phenol so as to keep the aldehyde units in the reaction mixture to less than about 70% of the aldehyde units in the total quantity of glyoxal to be charged for making the polyphenol.

Abstract: The specification discloses a method for the manufacture of a fluorescent polyphenolic product with high UV absorbance, its subsequent epoxidation as well as polyphenolic products and epoxidized derivatives and compositions thereof. The polyphenolic products are prepared by heating glyoxal at a temperature of about 80° C. to about 100° C. with a molar excess of a phenol in the presence of an acidic catalyst which is eliminated from the reaction mixture at a temperature below about 170° C. The total mole ratio of glyoxal to phenol charged to the reaction mixture is about 0.15 to 0.22 moles of glyoxal for each mole of phenol. The glyoxal is added continuously or by stepwise additions to the phenol so as to keep the aldehyde units in the reaction mixture to less than about 70% of the aldehyde units in the total quantity of glyoxal to be charged for making the polyphenol. Water is distilled stepwise or continuously from the reaction mixture.

Abstract: The specification discloses epoxidized products and compositions of a polyphenol of a phenol and glyoxal wherein the polyphenol prior to epoxidation has an ultraviolet (UV) absorbance of at lest 0.260 at 365 nanometers (nm) and/or at least 0.400 at 350 nm.

Abstract: Disclosed are acid hardenable phenolic resin compositions and novolac compositions modified with about 5 to about 15% by weight of at least one reactive diluent selected from the group consisting of benzylic alcohol, benzylic ether, ethylene glycol, 1,3-butylene glycol, monoallyl or methylallyl ethers of poly(methylol) alkanes, monoallyl ether of glycerine, allyl or methallyl glycidyl ether, N-acylated arylamine, N-acylated naphthylamine, N-substituted arylsulfonamide, and N-substituted arylamine. The reactive diluent can be used to improve impact resistance and flexibility of the acid hardenable phenolic resin. Preferably, the methods for modifying mix life of acid hardenable phenolic resin by use of aryl phosphite and benzylic alcohol, and methods for modifying novolac resins, as well as methods for making the present compositions and products, such as coiled filament pipe and laminate panels, employing the compositions are also disclosed.

Abstract: A binder composition of a phenolic novolac resin and a (lower) alkoxylated triazine-formaldehyde resin curing agent is disclosed. The triazine resins have sufficient carbon atoms in the alkoxy groups so as to provide a curing agent having a water solubility of less than 15%. The binder cures at high temperatures so as to provide improved flow and prolonged workability to the composition. The compositions are useful in refractory applications having a need for high temperature curing agents such as for maintenance and repair within refractory vessels by gunning/spraying, manufacture of electrodes by the Soderberg method, and for use in blast furnace tap holes.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a phenolic resin composition suitable for use in bonding refractory materials, such as sand, in the production of foundry moulds and cores and also in treating subterranean formations. The phenolic resin composition comprises an esterified phenolic compound, a phenolic novolak resin and a base, which will react to provide final cure in the presence of water or other polar solvent. The composition, once reacted, will bond granular refractory materials. The esterified phenolic compound contains at least one esterified methylol group positioned ortho or para to a phenolic hydroxyl group or an esterified phenolic hydroxyl group. Included within the invention are anhydrous precursors to the reactive phenolic resin composition and also foundry moulding compositions which incorporate the reactive phenolic resin compositions. Other embodiments of the invention include methods for making foundry moulds and cores and methods for curing the reactive phenolic resin composition.

Abstract: Compositions containing an aryl phosphite and water to hydrolyze the aryl phosphite provide controlled and extended work time when used as hardening agents for the ambient temperature hardening of phenolic resins and for rapid hardening of such resins at modestly elevated temperatures. Pre-solvolysis with small quantities of water, alkanols of 1 to 4 carbon atoms or alkylene glycols of 2 to 4 carbon atoms improve compatibility of trisubstituted phosphites with the resin. Pre-hydrolysis of the phosphites as well as addition of furfuryl alcohol or alkylene glycols of 2 to 4 carbon atoms accelerate the hardening (curing) of the resin. Various compounds such as: carboxylic acid amides, urea, dicyandiamide, N-methylolated amides, N-alkyl 2-pyrrolidinones having 1 to 4 carbon atoms in the alkyl group, those having an internal epoxide group, alkanols, and Schiff bases retard the ambient temperature hardening of the resin with the aryl phosphite hardening agents.

Abstract: Compositions containing an aryl phosphite and water to hydrolyze the aryl phosphite provide controlled and extended work time when used as hardening agents for the ambient temperature hardening of phenolic resins and for rapid hardening of such resins at modestly elevated temperatures. Pre-solvolysis with small quantities of water, alkanols of 1 to 4 carbon atoms or alkylene glycols of 2 to 4 carbon atoms improve compatibility of trisubstituted phosphites with the resin. Pre-hydrolysis of the phosphites as well as addition of furfuryl alcohol or alkylene glycols of 2 to 4 carbon atoms accelerate the hardening (curing) of the resin. Various compounds such as: carboxylic acid amides, urea, dicyandiamide, N-methylolated amides, N-alkyl 2-pyrrolidinones having 1 to 4 carbon atoms in the alkyl group, those having an internal epoxide group, alkanols, and Schiff bases retard the ambient temperature hardening of the resin with the aryl phosphite hardening agents.

Abstract: Compositions containing aryl phosphites and water to hydrolyze the aryl phosphite provide controlled and extended work time when used as hardening agents for the ambient temperature hardening of phenolic resins and for rapid hardening of such resins at modestly elevated temperatures. Pre-solvolysis with small quantities of water, alkanols of 1 to 4 carbon atoms or alkylene glycols of 2 to 4 carbon atoms improve compatibility of trisubstituted phosphites with the resin. Pre-hydrolysis of the phosphites as well as addition of furfuryl alcohol or alkylene glycols of 2 to 4 carbon atoms accelerate the hardening (curing) of the resin. Various compounds such as: carboxylic acid amides, urea, dicyandiamide, N-methylolated amides, N-alkyl 2-pyrrolidinones having 1 to 4 carbon atoms in the alkyl group, those having an internal epoxide group, alkanols, and Schiff bases retard the ambient temperature hardening of the resin with the aryl phosphite hardening agents.

Abstract: There are disclosed methods and compositions for accelerating the hardening of phenolic resole resins having a pH of about 4.5 to 9.5 with lightburned magnesium oxide or magnesium hydroxide, with or without the addition of an ester functional hardening agent. Acceleration of hardening is achieved by incorporating into said compositions an effective quantity of a material which: increases the solubility of magnesium in the hardenable mixture; by certain amines; or by certain chelating agents. Accelerator compounds include those which provide chloride, sulfamate, nitrate, formate, and phosphite anions as well as selected tertiary amines.

Abstract: There are disclosed methods and compositions for retarding the ambient temperature hardening of a phenolic resole resin alone or with an aggregate when such resin is contacted with a nitroalkane and a hardening agent such as lightburned magnesium oxide, an organic ester functional hardening agent, and mixtures of lightburned magnesium oxide and an organic ester functional hardening agent in an alkaline medium. There is also disclosed a hardener composition for phenolic resole resins wherein the hardener composition consists essentially of a solution of a nitroalkane in an organic ester functional hardening agent.

Abstract: There are disclosed methods and compositions for retarding the room temperature gelation and eventual hardening of phenolic resole resins when such resins are mixed with lightburned magnesium oxide or magnesium hydroxide hardening agents with or without an ester functional hardening agent. Retardation of gelation and hardening is achieved by incorporating into said mixture a compound which decreases the solubility of magnesium in said mixture. Additionally, hardening at higher temperatures, thermal curing, as well as refractories, coated abrasives, polymer concrete, and other methods and compositions of this invention are disclosed.

Abstract: The present invention is a specific combination of components having unique properties both in composition and benefits. Such a combination has been found in alkali or alkaline earth metal nitrates, alkanolamines and alkali or alkaline earth metal thiocyanates. In such combinations it has also been found that alkaline and alkali earth thiosulfates and chlorides below the concentration level where corrosion is promoted may advantageously be substituted for all or part of the thiocyanates and that diethanolamine, N,N-di(hydroxyethyl)glycine (bicine) and N,N-di(hydroxyethyl)-.beta.-aminopropionic acid (DAPA) and certain alkanolamines and alkanolamino acids and derivatives may advantageously be substituted for all or part of the triethanolamine.