Abstract: A method is provided for absorbing electromagnetic radiation using a polyaniline composition, wherein the radiation is infrared, visible light, ultraviolet, radar, or microwave radiation. Also provided is a method for reducing the detectability by radar of an object by increasing the absorption of radar waves and thereby decrease the reflection of the radar waves by applying to the object a polyaniline composition or a partially protonated salt thereof.

Abstract: Broadly, the present invention takes advantage of the ability of self-protonated sulfonated polyaniline (SPAN) to sense and/or modulate pH of a medium in the vicinity of a SPAN electrode. Accordingly, one aspect of the present invention is directed to a method for sensing pH of a medium in the vicinity of a sensing electrode wherein a SPAN electrode and a counter-electrode are placed in a medium and an indicia of said SAN correlative with the pH of said medium is monitored. As another aspect of the present invention, the pH of a medium in the vicinity of a sensing electrode is modulated by placing a SPAN electrode in the medium and applying a voltage to the electrode to controllably emit or absorb protons from said electrode to modulate the pH of the medium in the vicinity of the electrode. As a further aspect of the present invention, the activity/state of a biosensor/catalyst is sensed for the activity/state correlative with pH.

Abstract: Sulfonic acid-substituted polyaniline compositions, ammonium salts thereof, and uses therefor are disclosed. The ammonium salts of the sulfonic acid-substituted polyaniline compositions are used as interim materials in the processing of conducting sulfonated polyaniline compositions. The ammonium salts of the sulfonic acid-substituted polyaniline compositions are also used to either reversible or irreversible NH.sub.3 filters, sensors, temperature indicators and the like.

Abstract: Sulfonic acid-substituted polyaniline salt compositions, processes for their preparation and uses therefor are disclosed. The sulfonated polyaniline salt compositions have fast electronic and optical responses to electrochemical potentials, improved environmental stability, and improved solubility. A process for producing the sulfonated polyaniline salt compositions comprises reacting a sulfonated polyaniline polymer with an aqueous basic solution. The sulfonated polyaniline compositions are useful for absorption of electromagnetic radiation, as a high density erasable data storage medium for use in information storage and processing applications, and to provide electronic, chemical, electrochemical, and optical microelectronic devices which use and control the chemical and physical properties of the sulfonated polyaniline salt compositions.

Abstract: Sulfonic acid-substituted polyaniline salt compositions and uses therefor are disclosed. The sulfonated polyaniline salt compositions have fast electronic and optical responses to electrochemical potentials, improved environmental stability, and improved solubility. The sulfonated polyaniline salt compositions are useful as an ionic electrolyte polymer.

Abstract: A composition for absorbing electromagnetic radiation (such as microwave, infrared, visible light radiation ultraviolet radiation), wherein said electromagnetic radiation possesses a wavelength generally in the range of from about 1000 Angstroms to about 50 meters, wherein said composition comprises a polyaniline composition of the formula ##STR1## where y can be equal to or greater than zero and R' and R.sub.2 are independently selected from the group consisting of --H, --OCH.sub.3, --CH.sub.3, --F, --Cl, --Br, --I, --NR.sup.3.sub.2, --NHCOR.sub.3, --OH, --O, --SR.sup.3, --OR.sup.3, --OCOR.sup.3, --NO.sub.2, --COOH, --COOR.sup.3, --COR.sup.3, --CHO, and --CN, where R.sup.3 is a C.sub.1 to C.sub.a alkyl, aryl or aralkyl group.

Abstract: Self-prontonated sulfonic acid-substituted polyaniline compositions, processes for their preparation and uses therefor are disclosed. The sulfonated polyaniline compositions have faster electronic and optical responses to electrochemical potentials comparing to its parent polyaniline, improved environmental stability, and improved solubility than the parent polymer, polyaniline. A process for producing the sulfonated polyaniline compositions comprises reacting the polyaniline polymer with concentrated sulfuric acid. The sulfonated polyaniline compositions are useful for switching an electrochemical response between a conducting and a nonconducting state. The sulfonated polyaniline compositions are also useful for conduction of electricity, absorption of electromagnetic radiation, modulation of electromagnetic beams and modification of the electromagnetic response of sulfonated polyaniline compositions by chemical or electrochemical means.

Abstract: Methods for producing fibers of self-protonated sulfonic acid-substituted polyaniline compositions. The sulfonated polyaniline compositions have faster electronic and optical responses to electrochemical potentials comparing to its parent polyaniline, improved environmental stability, and improved solubility than the parent polymer, polyaniline.

Abstract: Multicomponent polymeric compositions comprising self-prontonated sulfonic acid-substituted polyaniline compositions or derivatives thereof and at least one insulating polymer are disclosed. The sulfonated polyaniline compositions have faster electronic and optical responses to electrochemical potentials, improved environmental stability, and improved solubility than the parent polymer, polyaniline. The multicomponent sulfonated polyaniline/insulating polymer compositions are useful in electronic, chemical, electrochemical, and optical microelectric applications which use and control the chemical and physical properties of the sulfonated polyaniline compositions.

Abstract: Sulfonic acid-substituted polyaniline compositions and their derivatives are produced by reacting a polyaniline polymer with SO.sub.3 gas. The sulfonated polyaniline compositions have faster electronic and optical responses to electrochemical potentials and improved environmental stability solubility than the parent polyaniline polymer.

Abstract: A composition for absorbing electromagnetic radiation, wherein said electromagnetic radiation possesses a wavelength generally in the range of from about 1000 Angstroms to about 50 meters, wherein said composition comprises a polyaniline composition of the formula ##STR1## where y can be equal to or greater than zero, and R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are independently selected from the group containing of H, --OCH.sub.3, --CH.sub.3, --F, --Cl, --Br, --I, NR.sup.3 .sub.2, --NHCOR.sup.3, --OH, --O.sup.-, SR.sup.3, --OCOR.sup.3, --NO.sub.2, --COOH, --COOR.sup.3, --COR.sup.3, --CHO, and --CN, where R.sup.3 is a C.sub.1 to C.sub.8 alkyl, aryl or aralkyl group.

Abstract: An insulating host polymer is heavily loaded with resistive short fibers to form resistive films in the resistance range of 10.sup.2 to 10.sup.8 ohms/square having thicknesses in the range of 1.0 micron to 500 microns. The particular choice of resistive short fibers and film forming binder provides specific systems of needed resistivity and mechanical properties. Fibers are chosen having a bulk resistivity lower than a required resistivity of the resulting film and are loaded in an amount above a percolation threshold of the fibers in the film. Fine tuning of the resistivity is made by adjusting the amount of fibers in the film.

Abstract: An erasable optical information storage apparatus is disclosed and the process for making such an apparatus is disclosed. The apparatus utilizes the photoabsorption and electrochemical absorption characteristics of the polyaniline class to polymers to provide an easily accessible and erasable information storage unit.

Abstract: A process to produce oriented, crystalline polyaniline films using simultaneous heat treatment and stressing of polyaniline films. Films stressed while being held at elevated temperatures (T.gtoreq.110.degree. C.), showed anisotropic x-ray, IR and visible optical response.

Abstract: An electrical component is made from an electrically insulating polymer matrix filled with electrically insulating fibrous filler which is capable of heat conversion to electrically conducting fibrous filler and has at least one continuous electrically conductive path formed in the matrix by the in situ heat conversion of the electrically insulating fibrous filler. In a preferred embodiment, the fibrous filler is thermally stabilized polyacrylonitrile fibers and the conductive path is formed by in situ heat converted thermally stabilized polyacrylonitrile fibers which have been converted by directing a laser beam through a mask having a predetermined pattern to melt the polymer and to heat convert the thermally stabilized polyacrylonitrile fibers.

Abstract: There are described novel charge transfer compounds having high electrical conductivity which are represented by the formula [A].sub.x.sup.+ [B].sub.y.sup.- where A is represented by the formula ##STR1## where R.sub.1 -R.sub.4 may be the same or different and may be H or CH.sub.3 and B is 7,7,8,8-tetracyanoquinodimethane, X is 1 and Y is 1 or 2.