Abstract: A method for fabricating an AlGaInP semiconductor light emitting device having a substrate and a multilayer structure including an AlGaInP first semiconductor layer formed on the substrate. The method comprises the steps of removing part of the multilayer structure so that the first semiconductor layer is exposed, irradiating with plasma beams an oxide film formed on the exposed first semiconductor layer with the substrate temperature being kept at 500.degree. C. or less, so as to remove the oxide film from the first semiconductor layer and growing a second semiconductor layer on the first semiconductor layer.

Abstract: On a GaAs substrate (Al.sub.Y Ga.sub.1-Y).sub.0.5 In.sub.0.5 P crystal layers (0.ltoreq.Y.ltoreq.1) is formed to be lattice-matched with the substrate. By radiating As molecular beams on the surface of the crystal layers while heating the layered substrate to a temperature at which In in the crystal layers evaporates, the portion near the surface of the crystal layers is changed into an Al.sub.Y Ga.sub.1-Y As crystal layer (0.ltoreq.Y.ltoreq.1) of a thickness of several molecules, on which layer an Al.sub.X Ga.sub.1-X As crystal layer (0.ltoreq.X.ltoreq.1) is formed. Since the surface of the Al.sub.Y Ga.sub.1-Y As crystal layer has been purified, the formed Al.sub.X Ga.sub.1-X As crystal layer has a high crystallinity, allowing production of a light emitting diode, a semiconductor laser device and the like with high efficiency.

Abstract: A semiconductor device comprising a (111)B single-crystalline semiconductor substrate which is misoriented toward (110), and epitaxial layers grown on the substrate by molecular beam epitaxy, whereby the crystallinity and luminescence efficiency of epitaxial layers are significantly improved.

Abstract: A projecting device is disclosed which has plural element lens systems arranged in at least two rows in a staggered fashion in two grooved blocks, with one row displaced relative to the adjacent row by a distance equal to half the pitch of the adjacent row. Each lens system is composed of at least one bar lens for imaging a part of the object as a part of the corresponding image. An opaque elastomer material fills the space between the rows for preventing light from entering into the space while allowing the positional relation between the rows to be fine-adjusted.

Abstract: This specification discloses a projection device in which bar lenses of plastic, each having a great length in the direction of its optical axis as compared with its effective diameter, of the lenses are arranged in the form of a predetermined array. The bar lenses are shielded from the outside atmosphere by a holding member capable of easily setting the lenses. Further, transparent plates, such as glass plates or the like, are provided at the incidence end and the emergence end to seal the holding member, so that there occurs no deterioration of the predetermined optical performance resulting from variations in the environmental humidity which would otherwise cause variations in the plastic material.

Abstract: This specification discloses a projection device in which a plurality of element lens systems for projecting a part area of an object onto a predetermined part area on the image plane at erect one-to-one magnification are arranged parallel to one another in a plane perpendicular to the optical axis. Each element lens system is a telecentric system comprising three thin lenses of the same shape arranged in the direction of the optical axis, and an intermediate lens is provided at a position deviated from the intermediate point between the object side lens and the image plane side lens.

Abstract: A projecting device having an array, in a plane perpendicular to the optical axis, of plural element lens systems each axially provided with two bar lenses of an axial length larger than the effective diameter thereof, characterized by the presence of an intermediate ring positioned between two bar lenses for extracting the effective beam emerging from the first bar lens and entering the second bar lens and providing a determined light intensity distribution on the projection plane.

Abstract: In a slit exposure type copying machine, a projection device basically includes transmission type element lens systems each including a lens having a great length in the direction of the optic axis thereof as compared with the effective diameter thereof. A part area of an original is projected upon a predetermined part area on an image plane and the light intensity distribution of the projected part area has a predetermined central area controlled by lens aperture eclipse and extending diametrically from at least the optic axis and a marginal area lying outwardly of the central area and weak in light intensity. A plurality of such element lens systems are substantially equidistantly arranged in the lengthwise direction of the slit in a plane perpendicular to the optic axis so that the marginal areas in at least the element lens systems are superposed upon one another.

Abstract: This specification discloses a compact projection device in which lens systems extending in the direction of the optic axis for projecting a part area of an object upon a predetermined part area on an image plane (hereinafter referred to as element lens systems) are initially set by a lens holding member having groove portions or hole portions extending in the direction of the optic axis, the distributions of intensity of light of the element lens systems on the image plane are controlled by an aperture eclipse such that the intensity of light is weaker in the marginal area than at least in the central area, a plurality of such element lens systems are arranged in a predetermined direction in a plane perpendicular to the optic axis and the distributions of intensity of light of the element lens systems are suitably superposed upon one another at least in the marginal area to provide uniformity of the distribution of the exposure amount integrated in the scanning direction with respect to the lengthwise direct

Abstract: A printing hammer unit is produced by forming a group of hammers having hammer portions secured to resilient members of electrically conductive material connected together by connecting portions and also forming a base integrally secured to the resilient members at locations thereof spaced apart from the hammer portions, and by removing at least a part of the connecting portions to break the electrical connection between at least one of the resilient members secured to the hammer portions and the other resilient members.