Abstract: A wheelchair fixing apparatus (2) according to the present invention includes belts (21) having connecting members (23) which can be attached to and detached from fixing hardware pieces (3) installed on a floor and winding devices (22) for winding up and accommodating the belts (21) and the winding devices (22) are disposed on the wheelchair (1). Therefore, the fixing hardware pieces (3) to which the belts (21) are connected through the connecting members (23) suffice as the floor-side equipment. Moreover, with this apparatus, a user of the wheelchair can perform the fixing operation by himself/herself. Even when a caretaker performs the operation, the burden on the caretaker in performing the operation can be reduced. Furthermore, the apparatus need not be carried by the caretaker, nor need it be ready in advance in a place where the wheelchair (1) is to be fixed.

Abstract: An vehicle-mounted internal combustion engine (1) provided with an EGR line (11) for recirculating exhaust gas, an EGR valve (12) which is arranged in said EGR line (11) and controls an EGR amount, and an EGR controller (41), is constituted so that said EGR controller (41) opens said EGR valve and performs control for scavenging said EGR line (11) at the time of reducing vehicle speed and during idling. With this vehicle-mounted internal combustion engine (1), the sulfuric acid corrosion can be avoided by preventing condensation of moisture in the exhaust gas in the EGR line (11), the EGR valve (12), etc. developed when the internal combustion engine (1) stops running.

Abstract: An vehicle-mounted internal combustion engine (1) provided with an EGR line (11) for recirculating exhaust gas, an EGR valve (12) which is arranged in said EGR line (11) and controls an EGR amount, and an EGR controller (41), is constituted so that said EGR controller (41) opens said EGR valve and performs control for scavenging said EGR line (11) at the time of reducing vehicle speed and during idling.

Abstract: In order to reduce white smoke emissions immediately after start-up, the present invention is a method for executing engine warm-up control using electronic control units, wherein start-up idle control which does not perform the prescribed fast idle control, is executed until a prescribed period of time t1 has elapsed after engine start-up, whereupon the amount of fuel injection is increased to execute fast idle control. Immediately after engine start-up, the fuel injection amount and number of engine revolutions are restricted compared to those during fast idle control, preventing a large amount of fuel injection and high number of revolutions while the piston wall surface temperature is low, and thereby significantly reducing white smoke emissions.

Abstract: A method of determining a degree of oil degradation in the diesel engine depending on an injection end point in such an injection way as to cause the injection 0end point to be earlier that a specific point (TB) and depending on the injection amount after the specific point and the injection end point in such an injection way as to cause the injection end point to be later than the specific point. In every fuel injection, it is judged whether the injection end point is set before or after the specific point, and a current injection degradation value is obtained by using a corresponding map. A cumulative added value is obtained to judge the oil degradation.

Abstract: In order to reduce white smoke emissions immediately after start-up, the present invention is a method for executing engine warm-up control using electronic control units, wherein start-up idle control which does not perform the prescribed fast idle control, is executed until a prescribed period of time t1 has elapsed after engine start-up, whereupon the amount of fuel injection is increased to execute fast idle control. Immediately after engine start-up, the fuel injection amount and number of engine revolutions are restricted compared to those during fast idle control, preventing a large amount of fuel injection and high number of revolutions while the piston wall surface temperature is low, and thereby significantly reducing white smoke emissions.

Abstract: The oil of a diesel engine is exchanged for each running at a predetermined distance. The oil exchange is carried out by estimating the amount of soot generation by combustion based on a running distance, and is not very accurate. The oil is exchanged earlier. Therefore, the oil is consumed wastefully and a cost of maintenance is increased.

Abstract: A system classifies the information added with keywords by discovering the hierarchy relation with respect to all of keywords. There is generated a relation composed of a total link number and links to other keywords and information, each for keyword. The total link numbers of two relations with links are compared with each other thereby determining a high level relation having a larger total link number and a low level relation having a lower total link number, and a hierarchy structure can be discovered by making the link from the low level relation to the high level relation ineffective.