Abstract: The object of the invention is to provide a light-emitting diode that is excellent in terms of thermal radiation properties and is capable of suppressing cracks in the substrate during joining and emitting light with high luminance by applying a high voltage, a light-emitting diode lamp, and a method of manufacturing a light-emitting diode. The above object is achieved by using a light-emitting diode (1) having a heatsink substrate (5) joined to a light-emitting portion (3) including a light-emitting layer (2), in which the heatsink substrate (5) is formed by alternately laminating a first metal layer (21) and a second metal layer (22); the first metal layer (21) has a thermal conductivity of 130 W/m·K or higher and is made of a material having a thermal expansion coefficient substantially similar to the thermal expansion coefficient of a material for the light-emitting portion (3); and the second metal layer (22) is made of a material having a thermal conductivity of 230 W/m·K or higher.

Abstract: A semiconductor light-emitting device with a new layer structure is disclosed, where the current leaking path is not caused to enhance the current injection efficiency within the active layer. The device provides a mesa structure containing active layer and a p-type lower cladding layer on a p-type substrate and a burying layer doped with iron (Fe) to bury the mesa structure, where the burying layer shows a semi-insulating characteristic. The device also provides an n-type blocking layer arranged so as to cover at least a portion of the p-type buffer lower within the mesa structure. The n-type blocking layer prevents the current leaking from the burying layer to the p-type buffer layer, and the semi-insulating burying layer that covers the rest portion of the mesa structure not covered by the n-type blocking layer prevents the current leaking from the n-type blocking layer to the n-type cladding layer within the mesa structure.

Abstract: A light-emitting diode includes a substrate, a compound semiconductor layer including a p-n junction-type light-emitting part formed on the substrate, an electric conductor disposed on the compound semiconductor layer and formed of an electrically conductive material optically transparent to the light emitted from the light-emitting part and a high resistance layer possessing higher resistance than the electric conductor and provided in the middle between the compound semiconductor layer and the electric conductor. In the configuration of a light-emitting diode lamp, the electric conductor and the electrode disposed on the semiconductor layer on the side opposite to the electric conductor across the light-emitting layer are made to assume an equal electric potential by means of wire bonding. The light-emitting diode abounds in luminance and excels in electrostatic breakdown voltage.

Abstract: A light-emitting diode includes a substrate, a compound semiconductor layer including a p-n junction-type light-emitting part formed on the substrate, an electric conductor disposed on the compound semiconductor layer and formed of an electrically conductive material optically transparent to the light emitted from the light-emitting part and a high resistance layer possessing higher resistance than the electric conductor and provided in the middle between the compound semiconductor layer and the electric conductor. In the configuration of a light-emitting diode lamp, the electric conductor and the electrode disposed on the semiconductor layer on the side opposite to the electric conductor across the light-emitting layer are made to assume an equal electric potential by means of wire bonding. The light-emitting diode abounds in luminance and excels in electrostatic breakdown voltage.

Abstract: A moving image compression-coding device has a pixel determination module configured to determine whether a color of each pixel in a macro block having a plurality of pixels in an input image is a predetermined color, a pixel counter configured to count a number of the pixels having the predetermined color in the macro block, a macro block determination module configured to determine whether a color of the macro block is considered to be the predetermined color according to the count result, and a compression-coded data generator configured to compression-code the input image with a compression ratio depending on the determination result.

Abstract: A sender produces a background video image 4 from a reference video image 1 and a depth map 3 and synthesizes the background video image 4 in a background buffer 5. A projection converting matrix 6 for synthesizing is calculated. A receiver receives the reference video image 1, the depth map 3 and the projection converting matrix 6. The receiver produces a free viewpoint video image 11 and a background video image 12. The background buffer 13 is dynamically renewed. The free viewpoint video image 11 and the image in the background buffer 13 are synthesized with each other, and the background video image in the concealed regions in the free viewpoint video image are complemented to obtain the complemented image 14.

Abstract: A sender produces a background video image 4 from a reference video image 1 and a depth map 3 and synthesizes the background video image 4 in a background buffer 5. A projection converting matrix 6 for synthesizing is calculated. A receiver receives the reference video image 1, the depth map 3 and the projection converting matrix 6. The receiver produces a free viewpoint video image 11 and a background video image 12. The background buffer 13 is dynamically renewed. The free viewpoint video image 11 and the image in the background buffer 13 are synthesized with each other, and the background video image in the concealed regions in the free viewpoint video image are complemented to obtain the complemented image 14.

Abstract: A light emitting diode which includes a laminate including an n-type cladding layer, an emission layer which has a quantum well structure having a well layer and a barrier layer, an intermediate layer and a p-type cladding layer in this order, wherein the composition of each of the layers is represented by the composition formula: (AlXGa1-X) YIn1-YP (0?X?1, 0<Y?1), and the composition of the barrier layer is represented by the composition formula: (AlXGa1-X) YIn1-YP (0.5?X?1, 0<Y?1).

Abstract: A video encoding apparatus includes a calculator to calculate a bit rate every time interval of input encoded data from the number of encoded bits of each of a plurality of time intervals derived from the input encoded data by division in a decoding time direction, the input encoded data including variable bit rate encoded data encoded at a variable bit rate beforehand, a calculator to subtract the input bit rate from the first transmission bit rate to obtain a second transmission bit rate every time interval, and an encoder to encode video data according to the second transmission bit rate to output encoded data.

Abstract: An image coding method includes setting an input parameter indicating a coding control scheme and a color conversion scheme, the coding control scheme including at least one of an adaptive quantization scheme, a coding mode decision scheme and a motion detection scheme, and the color conversion scheme indicating a color conversion based on a variation of a level of a coding parameter changing based on the coding control scheme, analyzing an input image based on the coding control scheme to compute the coding parameter, processing the input image by color conversion based on the color conversion scheme and the coding parameter, selecting one of a preview mode and a non-preview mode based on a user instruction, and coding the input image in the non-preview mode and coding a processed image in the preview mode based on the coding control scheme of the input parameter and the coding parameter.

Abstract: The LD of the invention provides a semiconductor stack including the current confinement region with the active mesa and the semi-insulating burying regions putting the active mesa therebeteen and the conductive region in contiguity with the current confinement region. The current confinement region and the conductive region are provided on epitaxially grown cladding layer. Two semiconductor regions, which are physically isolated to each other and each includes the semiconductor substrate, are provided on the semiconductor stack. One of regions comes in contact with one of burying regions and the active mesa, while, the other semiconductor regions comes in contact with the other of burying regions and the conductive region.

Abstract: The image coding apparatus is provided to realize image coding with little calculation quantity and through rate distortion optimization thereby maintaining a favorable image quality. The image coding apparatus includes a processing unit that conducts frequency transform and quantization on a block in a predetermined manner for a plurality of coding modes, each mode having a different coding process, a cost calculating unit that calculates a predictive coded quantity and coding distortion in a coding mode using a result of the quantization conducted by the processing unit and a residue to obtain a cost regarding the coding mode, a minimum coding cost selecting unit that selects a minimum coding cost among the coding costs calculated for respective coding modes, and a coding unit that conducts coding on the blocks in a coding mode associated with the minimum coding cost selected by the minimum coding cost selecting unit.

Abstract: The image coding apparatus is provided to realize image coding with little calculation quantity and through rate distortion optimization thereby maintaining a favorable image quality. The image coding apparatus includes a processing unit that conducts frequency transform and quantization on a block in a predetermined manner for a plurality of coding modes, each mode having a different coding process, a cost calculating unit that calculates a predictive coded quantity and coding distortion in a coding mode using a result of the quantization conducted by the processing unit and a residue to obtain a cost regarding the coding mode, a minimum coding cost selecting unit that selects a minimum coding cost among the coding costs calculated for respective coding modes, and a coding unit that conducts coding on the blocks in a coding mode associated with the minimum coding cost selected by the minimum coding cost selecting unit.

Abstract: A semiconductor light-emitting device with a new layer structure is disclosed, where the current leaking path is not caused to enhance the current injection efficiency within the active layer. The device provides a mesa structure containing active layer and a p-type lower cladding layer on a p-type substrate and a burying layer doped with iron (Fe) to bury the mesa structure, where the burying layer shows a semi-insulating characteristic. The device also provides an n-type blocking layer arranged so as to cover at least a portion of the p-type buffer lower within the mesa structure. The n-type blocking layer prevents the current leaking from the burying layer to the p-type buffer layer, and the semi-insulating burying layer that covers the rest portion of the mesa structure not covered by the n-type blocking layer prevents the current leaking from the n-type blocking layer to the n-type cladding layer within the mesa structure.

Abstract: A light-emitting diode includes a substrate, a compound semiconductor layer including a p-n junction-type light-emitting part formed on the substrate, an electric conductor disposed on the compound semiconductor layer and formed of an electrically conductive material optically transparent to the light emitted from the light-emitting part and a high resistance layer possessing higher resistance than the electric conductor and provided in the middle between the compound semiconductor layer and the electric conductor. In the configuration of a light-emitting diode lamp, the electric conductor and the electrode disposed on the semiconductor layer on the side opposite to the electric conductor across the light-emitting layer are made to assume an equal electric potential by means of wire bonding. The light-emitting diode abounds in luminance and excels in electrostatic breakdown voltage.

Abstract: When a fitting piece slips out of a rail groove of a guide rail in connection with an excessive load on a shutter curtain is restored to the rail groove, the restoration is reliably set and noiselessly carried out. A posture holding bar and fitting pieces, which are spaced from both right and left sides of the posture holding bar at a predetermined interval, are provided at the lower end portion of the shutter curtain. A first guide body guides the posture holding bar to the opposing site to the rail groove in the process of an opening/closing operation of the shutter curtain. A second guide body guides the fitting piece at the lower end portion of the shutter curtain to the opposing side to the rail groove in conformity with a timing at which the posture holding bar is positionally regulated to the opposing side to the rail groove by the first guide body is provided at the upper side of the rail groove constituting the guide rail.

Abstract: A bits assignment unit assigns target bits to pictures of an input image by analyzing the input image. A prediction unit predicts a buffer occupancy of a hypothetical decoder buffer based on the target bits. A segmentation unit generates segments by temporarily dividing the input image. Each segment has a plurality of pictures. An initial delay calculation unit calculates an initial delay of each segment based on the buffer occupancy. The initial delay is a difference between a decode start time of a first picture of each segment and a transfer completion time of a last picture of a previous segment to the decoder buffer. An encoder generates segmented bit streams by encoding each segment based on the target bits and the initial delay. A connection unit generates one bit stream by connecting the segmented bit streams.

Abstract: A video encoding method includes encoding n pictures included in a video image using a first quantization parameter, calculating first number-of-encoded-bits information indicating number of encoded bits of every picture type, multiplexing a set frame rate by an average first-number-of-encoded-bits per picture calculated from the first-number-of-encoded-bits information to obtain a first bit rate, encoding the n pictures using a second quantization parameter, calculating second number-of-encoded-bits information indicating number of encoded bits of every picture type, multiplexing the set frame rate by an average second number-of-encoded-bits per picture calculated from the first-number-of-encoded-bits information to obtain a second bit rate, calculating a third quantization parameter, using the first bit rate, first quantization parameter, second bit rate, second quantization parameter and target bit rate, and performing the rate control using the third quantization parameter as an initial value.

Abstract: A video encoding apparatus provides with a generator to generate a decoded image corresponding to an image obtained by decoding an encoded image obtained by encoding an original image by a first prediction scheme, a selector to select one of the original image and the decoded image as an input image according to a flicker of an image, and an encoder to encode the input image by a second prediction scheme to generate encoded data.

Abstract: When a fitting piece slipping out of a rail groove of a guide rail in connection with an excessive load on a shutter curtain is restored to the rail groove, the restoration is set to be reliably and noiselessly carried out. An posture holding bar 14 and fitting pieces 5 which are spaced from both right and left sides of the posture holding bar 14 at a predetermined interval are provided at the lower end portion of the shutter curtain 1, and a first guide body 15 for guiding the posture holding bar 14 to the opposing site to the rail groove 9a in the process of an opening/closing operation of the shutter curtain 1, and a second guide body 16 for guiding the fitting piece 5 at the lower end portion of the shutter curtain 1 to the opposing site to the rail groove 9a in conformity with a timing at which the posture holding bar 14 is positionally regulated to the opposing site to the rail groove 9a by the first guide body 15 are provided at the upper side of the rail groove 9a constituting the guide rail 4.