Abstract: A borescope apparatus comprising a flexible insertion section, a jet port formed at the insertion section, a moving device for supplying a compressed fluid to the jet port, whereby the insertion section is moved by an impellent force of the fluid ejected from the jet port, and a stabilizing device for steadily maintaining the position of the insertion section.

Abstract: A borescope apparatus comprises an insertion section having a bending portion and a flexible portion, a bending mechanism for bending the bending portion under the pressure of supplied fluid, a pressurized fluid supplying unit for supplying the fluid to the jet port and the bending mechanism and a flow control unit for controlling the fluid supplied to jet ports which are provided in the distal end of either the bending portion or flexible portion and the bending mechanism.

Abstract: A borescope apparatus having a borescope and a pressurized fluid supply device. The borescope has an operation unit and an insertion unit. The insertion unit comprises a bending tube portion, a jet port member coupled to a proximal end of the bending tube portion, and a flexible tube portion. The bending tube portion can be bent by operating the operation unit. The jet port member has a jet port. A pressuring fluid is supplied from the fluid supply unit to the jet port member, and is ejected through the jet port. The flexible tube portion can be bent by a jet of the fluid from through the jet port independently of the bending tube portion.

Abstract: The endoscope of the present invention, in which the flexibility of a part of a signal wire inserted through the insertable part is varied, is provided with a flexible insertable part to be inserted into a body cavity. A solid state imaging device obtains an optical image of an observed part through an observing window provided in the tip part of the insertable part. A signal wire inserted through the above mentioned insertable part, is electrically connected to the above mentioned solid state imaging device and has parts with different flexibility.

Abstract: This solid state imaging apparatus is provided within the tip part of an insertable part of an endoscope and is provided with an image forming optical system for forming images. This image forming optical system forms an optical image on the imaging surface of a solid state imaging chip provided in the rear of this image forming optical system. This solid state imaging chip is affixed to a circuit substrate extending substantially at right angles with the imaging surface and electrically connected with the solid state imaging chip. This circuit substrate is connected with a signal cable transmitting input and output signals of the solid state imaging chip.

Abstract: In order to enable to sufficiently deflect the viewing direction for a distal end having an end surface substantially perpendicular to the optical axis of an objective optical system and minimize aberrations produced due to the deflecting action, the objective optical system for endoscopes comprises at least one surface designed as a deflecting surface or an eccentric surface on the image side of the surface nearest the object to be observed out of the surfaces of the optical components composing the objective optical system so that the light is refracted at least twice for deflecting the viewing direction.

Abstract: A semiconductor strain gauge bridge circuit device is disclosed to include a bridge circuit of semiconductor strain gauges, a first zero-point temperature compensation circuit connected to one of a pair of output terminals of the bridge circuit and including a voltage-dividing resistor circuit generating a voltage substantially equal to a potential appearing at the one output terminal at a predetermined temperature, and a second zero-point temperature compensation circuit connected to the other of the output terminals and including a resistive element having a temperature characteristic similar to that of the semiconductor strain gauges.

Abstract: There is a bridge circuit which is driven by a constant-current including a thermistor. The bridge circuit is constituted by strain gages defined by P-type diffused layers. Strain gages which constitute in combination the bridge circuit are defined by diffused resistor layers having a surface impurity concentration which is set so as to fall within the range from 2.3.times.10.sup.18 to 2.5.times.10.sup.18 atoms/cm.sup.3. The B constant of the thermistor is selected so as to fall within the range from 1400K to 2400K.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing semiconductor absolute pressure sensor units includes anodically bonding a silicon sensor wafer (10) and a silicon cap wafer (12) with a borosilicate glass layer (32) disposed therebetween so as to surround respective sensor chips on the silicon sensor wafer (10) by introducing a matrix shaped conductive layer (28) in contact with and in alignment with the borosilicate glass layer (32), the matrix shaped conductive layer (28) is used as a negative electrode during anodic bonding operation so that a high bonding strength is obtained and sodium ions contained in the borosilicate glass layer (32) are kept away from bond regions after completing the anodically bonding operation.

Abstract: An endoscope insertion assisting device comprising a guide tube part provided with a hollow path through which an elongate endoscope insertion part can be inserted, a fitting part formed on the base side of this guide tube part and removably fitted with an endoscope operating part and a position adjusting mechanism varying at least one of the distance position along the longitudinal direction and the angular position around this longitudinal direction of this fitting part with respect to the guide tube part.

Abstract: An endoscope apparatus holding apparatus provided with an attaching means detachably attachable to such object to be inspected as a jet engine, a holding means for holding an endoscope or an endoscope insertion assisting means through which the endoscope is inserted and a means for adjusting the distance between the holding means and attaching means so as to be able to inspect the object position with a simple operation.

Abstract: An apparatus for detecting a focused condition of an optical system, in which a light-receiving means arranged at a fixed position corresponding to a focus position photometrically detects a focused condition. A light beam having a definite shape is projected onto an object to be imaged by a light projection means. The reflected light beam is conducted along an optical axis of the optical system, deflected, and detected by the light receiving means for determining whether a focused condition exists. Several embodiments are disclosed for projecting a light spot of high contrast of the object and for detecting a focused condition on the basis of the intensity distribution of light received by the light-receiving means. The apparatus may be applied to an endoscope and other optical systems.

Abstract: An endoscope apparatus includes an insertion section to be inserted into a desired object of inspection, and a substantially cylindrical insertion guide for assisting insertion of the insertion section into the object. A threaded portion and an engaging portion are formed around the distal end portion of the insertion section. The guide has a guide body removably fitted around the distal end portion of the insertion section. The body has a threaded portion engaged with the threaded portion of the insertion section and a plurality of jugs which are pressed inward by a cylindrical cover fitted around the body to engage the engaging portion, thereby preventing the body from moving.

Abstract: An endoscope apparatus includes an insertion section adapted to be inserted into a desired region. A distal end structure is fixed to the distal end of the insertion section. The structure has a support portion on which a solid-state image sensor is mounted to be movable in a direction parallel to a light receiving surface of the sensor. The sensor is pressed against the support portion by a leaf spring, thereby being prevented from moving in a direction perpendicular to the light receiving surface. A connector is fixed to the proximal end of the insertion section and detachably connected to a control unit.

Abstract: The photosensor is provided with a light-receiving surface for receiving a reflected image of an object and in which an aperture is provided. The aperture is positioned so as to receive a focused image and means are provided to prevent light from leaking directly to the light-receiving surface from the aperture. Prevention of light leakage permits focusing to be detected at high precision.