Abstract: An implantable medical device (IMD) includes therapy delivery circuitry, sensing circuitry, and processing circuitry. The processing circuitry is configured to determine one or more sleep apnea therapy parameters, control the therapy delivery circuitry to deliver sleep apnea therapy via a first set of electrodes implantable within the patient in accordance with the one or more sleep apnea therapy parameters, and at least one of: (1) monitor a cardiac signal sensed with the sensing circuitry, or (2) determine one or more cardiac therapy parameters, and control the therapy delivery circuitry to deliver cardiac therapy via a second set of electrodes implantable within the patient in accordance with the one or more cardiac therapy parameters.

Abstract: An example method includes receiving one or more physiological signals; detecting an apnea event based on the one or more physiological signals; determining that the apnea event cannot be characterized as one of a normal, OSA (obstructive sleep apnea), CSA (central sleep apnea), or combination OSA/CSA event; and outputting an electrical stimulation as a default based on determining that the apnea event cannot be characterized as a normal event, an OSA event, a CSA event, or combination OSA/CSA events.

Abstract: Disclosed is a system for stimulation of a subject. The stimulation may be to provide therapy to treat the subject. Stimulation may be of selected muscle groups and/or portions.

Abstract: A sleep apnea and obesity comorbidity treatment system includes a transceiver and a control module. The control module is configured to: receive sensor data, where the sensor data is indicative of a glucose level of a patient and a ketones level of the patient, transmit the sensor data to a remote feedback device, receive feedback information from the remote feedback device based on the sensor data, and where the feedback information provides indications to the patient to maintain or alter a behavior of the patient based on the glucose level and the ketones level, and based on the feedback information, performing an operation to maintain or alter at least one of a diet or physical activity of the patient.

Abstract: An implantable neurostimulator system including an electrical lead having formed thereon a pair of bipolar electrodes, the electrical lead is configured for placement of the pair of bipolar electrodes proximate protrusor muscles of a patient. The system also includes a pulse generator electrically connected to the electrical lead and configured to deliver electrical energy to the pair of bipolar electrodes, the pulse generator having mounted therein a sensor configured to detect one or more physiological parameters, a memory, a control circuit, and a telemetry circuit.

Abstract: A first medical device for obstructive sleep apnea therapy includes therapy delivery circuitry coupled to a first set of electrodes implantable proximate to a first hypoglossal nerve within a tongue of the patient and configured to deliver a first electrical stimulation signal to the first hypoglossal nerve that causes the tongue of the patient to advance and includes information to communicate to a second medical device implantable within the head or neck of the patient and coupled to a second set of electrodes implantable proximate to a second hypoglossal nerve within the tongue of the patient; and sensing circuitry coupled to the first set of electrodes and configured to receive a second electrical stimulation signal, delivered to the second hypoglossal nerve by the second medical device, that includes information that the second medical device communicates to the first medical device.

Abstract: Disclosed is a system for stimulation of a subject. The stimulation may be to provide therapy to treat the subject. Stimulation may be of selected muscle groups and/or portions.

Abstract: Apnea events may be detected based on a primary biomarker, e.g., respiration, in the one or more physiological signals. The apnea events may be characterized as one of an obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) event, a central sleep apnea (CSA) event, or a combination OSA/CSA event based on a secondary biomarker, e.g., a frequency spectrum or a morphology of the respirations in the one or more physiological signals. A first electrical stimulation may be provided to treat OSA in response to a first one or more of the apnea events being characterized as OSA events. A second electrical stimulation may be provided to treat CSA in response to a second one or more of apnea events being characterized as CSA events. A third electrical stimulation may be provided to treat combination OSA/CSA in response to a third one or more of the apnea events being characterized as combination OSA/CSA events.

Abstract: Aspects of this disclosure describe methods and systems for nerve stimulation using a balloon catheter. The balloon catheter includes a catheter, an inflatable balloon with a surface, and a set of electrodes positioned along the surface of the inflatable balloon. The balloon catheter may be positioned in a vessel of a patient, such as the esophagus. The patient may be concurrently undergoing mechanical ventilation. The balloon catheter is secured in the vessel by inflating the inflatable balloon. When the inflatable balloon is inflated, the surface of the inflatable balloon and the set of electrodes is positioned at an internal wall of the vessel. Stimulation is provided to a nerve near the vessel, via the set of electrodes, based on stimulation parameters. Values for the stimulation parameters may be adjusted based on breathing parameters of the patient. The stimulation parameters may also be adjusted to wean a patient off mechanical ventilation.

Abstract: Apnea events may be detected based on a primary biomarker, e.g., respiration, in the one or more physiological signals. The apnea events may be characterized as one of an obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) event, a central sleep apnea (CSA) event, or a combination OSA/CSA event based on a secondary biomarker, e.g., a frequency spectrum or a morphology of the respirations in the one or more physiological signals. A first electrical stimulation may be provided to treat OSA in response to a first one or more of the apnea events being characterized as OSA events. A second electrical stimulation may be provided to treat CSA in response to a second one or more of apnea events being characterized as CSA events. A third electrical stimulation may be provided to treat combination OSA/CSA in response to a third one or more of the apnea events being characterized as combination OSA/CSA events.

Abstract: A system for treatment of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is described. The system includes an introducer needle having an elongated body. The introducer needle is configured to create an opening in a tongue of a patient for implantation of a lead for treating OSA. One or more electrically conductive areas are located on the elongated body. A medical device is configured to deliver a stimulation signal via the introducer needle through the one or more electrically conductive areas to the tongue of the patient to stimulate one or more motor points of a protrusor muscle within the tongue of the patient.

Abstract: A medical device system and method are disclosed for treating obstructive sleep apnea. The system includes a pulse generator and a medical electrical lead including multiple electrodes carried by a distal portion of an elongated lead body. The method includes advancing the distal portion within protrusor muscle tissue below the oral cavity and delivering electrical stimulation pulses via the electrodes to sustain a protruded state throughout a delivery time period to sustain a protruded state of a patient's tongue throughout the therapy delivery time period. The therapy delivery time period may span multiple respiration cycles.

Abstract: This disclosure is directed to devices, systems, and techniques for monitoring a patient condition. In some examples, a medical device system includes processing circuitry configured to determine a plurality of pulse transit time (PTT) intervals, determine, based on an accelerometer signal, a posture of a patient from a plurality of postures corresponding to each PTT interval of the plurality of PTT intervals, classify each PTT interval of the plurality of PTT intervals based on the respective posture of the patient corresponding to the respective PTT interval, and monitor, based on the classified plurality of PTT intervals, a patient condition.

Abstract: Apnea events may be detected based on a primary biomarker, e.g., respiration, in the one or more physiological signals. The apnea events may be characterized as one of an obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) event, a central sleep apnea (CSA) event, or a combination OSA/CSA event based on a secondary biomarker, e.g., a frequency spectrum or a morphology of the respirations in the one or more physiological signals. A first electrical stimulation may be provided to treat OSA in response to a first one or more of the apnea events being characterized as OSA events. A second electrical stimulation may be provided to treat CSA in response to a second one or more of apnea events being characterized as CSA events. A third electrical stimulation may be provided to treat combination OSA/CSA in response to a third one or more of the apnea events being characterized as combination OSA/CSA events.

Abstract: A system for treatment of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is described. The system includes an introducer needle having an elongated body. The introducer needle is configured to create an opening in a tongue of a patient for implantation of a lead for treating OSA. One or more electrically conductive areas are located on the elongated body. A medical device is configured to deliver a stimulation signal via the introducer needle through the one or more electrically conductive areas to the tongue of the patient to stimulate one or more motor points of a protrusor muscle within the tongue of the patient.

Abstract: Systems and methods for evaluating neuromodulation via hemodynamic responses are disclosed herein. A system configured in accordance with embodiments of the present technology can include, for example, a neuromodulation catheter comprising an elongated shaft having a distal portion, and a plurality of electrodes spaced along a distal portion. The system can further include a controller communicatively coupled to the electrodes. The controller can be configured to apply first and second stimuli at and/or proximate to a target site within a blood vessel before and after delivering neuromodulation energy to the target site, and detect, via at least one of the electrodes, vessel impedance resulting from the first and second stimuli to determine a baseline impedance and a post-neuromodulation impedance. The controller can further be configured to assess the efficacy of the neuromodulation based, at least in part, on a comparison of the baseline impedance and the post-neuromodulation impedance.

Abstract: A medical device system and method are disclosed for treating obstructive sleep apnea. The system includes a pulse generator and a medical electrical lead including multiple electrodes carried by a distal portion of an elongated lead body. The method includes advancing the distal portion within protrusor muscle tissue below the oral cavity and delivering electrical stimulation pulses via the electrodes to sustain a protruded state throughout a delivery time period to sustain a protruded state of a patient's tongue throughout the therapy delivery time period. The therapy delivery time period may span multiple respiration cycles.

Abstract: This disclosure is directed to devices, systems, and techniques for monitoring a patient condition. In some examples, a medical device system includes processing circuitry configured to determine a plurality of pulse transit time (PTT) intervals, determine, based on an accelerometer signal, a posture of a patient from a plurality of postures corresponding to each PTT interval of the plurality of PTT intervals, classify each PTT interval of the plurality of PTT intervals based on the respective posture of the patient corresponding to the respective PTT interval, and monitor, based on the classified plurality of PTT intervals, a patient condition.

Abstract: A method of implanting a lead includes inserting a needle through tissue near a chin of a patient and through a tongue of the patient, inserting an introducer through an opening created by the needle, and inserting the lead through the introducer, the lead comprising an elongated member and one or more electrodes in a distal portion of the elongated member such that the one or more electrodes are implantable proximate to one or more motor points of a protrusor muscle within the tongue of the patient, wherein inserting the lead comprises inserting the lead to have a shape of one of a helix, a compound helix, a wave shape, or saw-tooth shape, or to have a loop in the lead.

Abstract: An implantable neurostimulator (INS) and method of use, the INS including an electrical lead having formed thereon at least a pair of bi-polar electrodes, wherein the electrical lead is configured for placement of the pair of bi-polar electrodes proximate protrusor muscles of a patient, a pulse generator electrically connected to the electrical lead and configured to deliver electrical energy to the pair of bi-polar electrodes, the pulse generator having mounted therein a sensor and a control circuit, and the sensor is configured to generate signals representative of an orientation of the pulse generator and communicate the signals to the control circuit and the control circuit is configured to determine the orientation of the pulse generator and deliver electrical energy to the bi-polar electrodes when the determined orientation correlates to a pre-determined orientation.