Abstract: In some embodiments, the PC-HEMT based microelectronic sensors are used in recording physiological and non-physiological sounds as hypersensitive microphones. Recording the physiological sounds is associated with the S1/S2 heart split phenomena and phonocardiography.

Abstract: In some embodiments, a microelectronic sensor includes an open-gate pseudo-conductive high-electron mobility transistor and used for air quality monitoring. The transistor comprises a substrate, on which a multilayer hetero-junction structure is deposited. This hetero-junction structure comprises a buffer layer and a barrier layer, both grown from III-V single-crystalline or polycrystalline semiconductor materials. A two-dimensional electron gas (2DEG) conducting channel is formed at the interface between the buffer and barrier layers and provides electron current in the system between source and drain electrodes. The source and drain contacts are non-ohmic (capacitively-coupled) and connected to the formed 2DEG channel and to the electrical metallizations, the latter are placed on top of the transistor and connect it to the sensor system. The metal gate electrode is placed between the source and drain areas on or above the barrier layer, which may be recessed or grown to a specific thickness.

Abstract: n some embodiments, an open-gate pseudo-conductive high-electron mobility transistor (PC-HEMT) includes a multilayer hetero-junction structure made of III-V single-crystalline or polycrystalline semiconductor materials. This structure includes at least one buffer layer and a barrier layer, and is deposited on a substrate layer. The PC-HEMT further includes a two-dimensional electron gas (2DEG) or two-dimensional hole gas (2DHG) conducting channel formed at the interface between the buffer layer and the barrier layer, source and drain contacts, either ohmic or non-ohmic, connected to the 2DEG or 2DHG conducting channel, electrical metallizations for connecting the PC-HEMT to an electric circuit, and an open gate area between the source and drain contacts.

Abstract: In some embodiments, an electrical circuit element, defined as “optoelectronic pixel”, comprises at least one silicon nanowire decorated with optoelectronically active particles and open for contact with a medium for sensing; a metal electrode open for contact with said medium and used for feeding a high-frequency sinusoidal stimulation in impedance measurements and for sensing properties of said medium; implanted source and drain electrodes connected to said silicon nanowire and leaving the gate area and parts of said electrode open for contact with said medium; electrical metal contacts for connecting said pixel to an electrical circuit; and a reference electrode open for contact with said medium for creating a three-electrode-cell system and providing a constant gate potential in the circuit. In addition, some embodiments provide an optoelectronic sensor and wearable-patch sensor based on the array of the optoelectronic pixels, and the readout methods for these sensors.

Abstract: In some embodiments, an inverting amplifier includes four electrical circuit elements (or “pixels”), with two pixels used as sensing elements and two pixels used as adjustable resistors for adjusting amplification factor to operate all pixels at the same amplification factor and cancelling out variations from processing. The sensing pixels include a silicon nanowire exposed to liquid or gas medium for sensing, a metal electrode partially open for contact with the medium and used for feeding a high-frequency sinusoidal stimulation in impedance measurements and for sensing properties of the medium, implanted source and drain electrodes connected to the nanowire, and electrical metal contacts attached to the electrodes and connecting the pixel to an electrical circuit. The two compensation pixels include an n-type or p-type silicon nanowire, implanted source and drain electrodes connected to the nanowire, and electrical metal contacts attached to the electrodes and connecting the pixel to an electrical circuit.

Abstract: In some embodiments, a microelectronic sensor includes an open-gate pseudo-conductive high-electron mobility transistor and used for biometric authentication of a user. The transistor comprises a substrate, on which a multilayer hetero-junction structure is deposited. This hetero-junction structure comprises a buffer layer and a barrier layer, both grown from III-V single-crystalline or polycrystalline semiconductor materials. A two-dimensional electron gas (2DEG) conducting channel is formed at the interface between the buffer and barrier layers and provides electron current in the system between source and drain electrodes. The source and drain contacts, which maybe either ohmic or non-ohmic (capacitively-coupled), are connected to the formed 2DEG channel and to electrical metallizations, the latter are placed on top of the transistor and connect it to the sensor system.

Abstract: An electrical circuit element, defined as “pixel”, can include at least one silicon nanowire open for contact with a medium for sensing; a metal electrode open for contact with said medium and used for feeding a high-frequency sinusoidal stimulation in impedance measurements and for sensing properties of said medium; implanted source and drain electrodes connected to said silicon nanowire and leaving the gate area and parts of said electrode open for contact with said medium; electrical metal contacts for connecting said pixel to an electrical circuit; and a reference electrode open for contact with said medium for creating a three-electrode-cell system and providing a constant gate potential in the circuit. Some embodiments provide a microelectronic sensor and wearable-patch sensor based on the array of these pixels. Also, some embodiments provide methods for performing DC readout, AC readout and a triple readout combining both DC and AC readouts and temperature sensing.

Abstract: In some embodiments, an electrical circuit element, defined as “optoelectronic pixel”, comprises at least one silicon nanowire decorated with optoelectronically active particles and open for contact with a medium for sensing; a metal electrode open for contact with said medium and used for feeding a high-frequency sinusoidal stimulation in impedance measurements and for sensing properties of said medium; implanted source and drain electrodes connected to said silicon nanowire and leaving the gate area and parts of said electrode open for contact with said medium; electrical metal contacts for connecting said pixel to an electrical circuit; and a reference electrode open for contact with said medium for creating a three-electrode-cell system and providing a constant gate potential in the circuit. In addition, some embodiments provide an optoelectronic sensor and wearable-patch sensor based on the array of the optoelectronic pixels, and the readout methods for these sensors.

Abstract: Techniques for multiplexed bioassays include a substrate in which is formed a microchannel in fluid communication between an entry port and an exit port. A first portion of the microchannel is configured to supply multiple different labeled probes, each selected to complex with one of a corresponding plurality of different analytes. A second portion of the microchannel comprises multiple corresponding different supplementary probes covalently bound to the substrate. A supplementary probe is selected to bind to a part of a corresponding analyte, which part is exposed when the corresponding analyte is complexed with a corresponding labeled probe. The techniques include a sensor configured to detect signals emitted from the labeled probes in the second portion of the microchannel.

Abstract: A micro-fluidic device is defined including a channel for conveying blood fluid. A container is defined within the channel for capturing debris generated from the puncture of skin.

Abstract: Techniques for redundant microfluidic measurements include a substrate in which is formed a microchannel in fluid communication between an entry port and an exit port. The microchannel includes a redundant portion that has multiple sub-channels. A first sub-channel is configured to pass a first fraction of a total flow passing through the entry port. The apparatus also includes a sensor configured to detect separate signals emitted from within the first sub-channel and from within a different sub-channel in the redundant portion of the microchannel.

Abstract: A micro-pillar array assembly including an inlet for receiving a biological fluid including components of the biological fluid, an outlet, and a cavity formed between the inlet and the outlet, the cavity further comprising a plurality of micro-pillar arrays positioned to remove cellular components of the biological fluid to produce a resulting fluid. Another assembly, a method and a system are also disclosed.

Abstract: A detection device and method for detecting one or more analytes of interest in a test sample are provided. Some embodiments use analyte-specific binding partners that are conjugated to quantum dots (Qdots) for use in detecting the presence and/or quantity of the analytes of interest in a test sample. FRET based methods may to used enhance the quantum dot (Qdot) signal through complexing of the quantum dots with lanthanide chelates, such as terbium. Some embodiments of the invention provide a novel disposable testing device that contains, all in one, the components necessary for carrying out the novel assay detection system of the invention. The disposable testing device may be used at home, for example, to detect and quantitate, at ultrasensitive levels, multiple analytes in a biological sample with no requirement for professional assistance.