Abstract: A display substrate includes an insulation substrate, a common electrode, a cell gap maintaining part, a liquid crystal (LC) alignment support part and an oxide alignment layer. The common electrode is formed on the insulation substrate. The cell gap maintaining part is formed on the common electrode. The LC alignment support part of an organic material is formed on the common electrode. The oxide alignment layer is formed on the LC alignment support part. Therefore, the alignment speed and response speed of liquid crystal molecules may be enhanced.

Abstract: A liquid crystal composition includes a biaxial liquid crystal molecule and has improved response speed.

Abstract: An apparatus for jetting an alignment agent includes a jetting head having a jetting hole, an alignment agent externally provided onto a substrate and a viscosity controlling part controlling a viscosity of the alignment agent stored in the jetting head to facilitate jetting of the alignment agent. The alignment agent is jetted to the substrate through the jetting hole. The apparatus improves the efficiency of jetting the alignment agent.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display is provided with a control pattern to allow liquid crystal and a sealing agent to desirably flow during a liquid crystal injection process. The liquid crystal display includes an insulating substrate, a plurality of thin film transistors formed on the insulating substrate, a liquid crystal injection opening formed in a portion outside a region where the plurality of thin film transistors is formed, a first display panel including a plurality of control patterns formed in the liquid crystal injection opening, and a second display panel disposed to face the first display panel.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device includes: a first insulating substrate having a first alignment film formed thereon; a second substrate which faces the first substrate having a second alignment film formed thereon; and a liquid crystal layer in a vertically aligned mode disposed between the first alignment film and the second alignment film, at least one of the first alignment film and the second alignment film comprising a silicon oxide layer of which a dielectric constant is 5 to 14.

Abstract: A print plate includes a surface including a central region and a peripheral region surrounding the central region, a panel print section and an alignment print section. The panel print section includes a plurality of panel spacer recesses disposed in the central region. The alignment print section includes a plurality of alignment spacer recesses disposed in the peripheral region. The alignment spacer recesses are spaced apart from each other.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a display substrate includes forming a plurality of thin film transistors (TFTs) on a first substrate in a matrix, forming a plurality of pixel electrodes connected to the TFTs, forming a connecting pad to receive a common voltage, forming an organic pattern on the connecting pad, depositing an inorganic alignment layer covering the organic pattern on the first substrate, and removing the organic pattern and the inorganic alignment layer remaining on the organic pattern.

Abstract: The present invention provides a liquid crystal display (“LCD”) panel and manufacturing method thereof. The LCD panel in accordance with the present invention includes a lower substrate including a thin film transistor and a pixel electrode, an upper substrate including a common electrode facing the lower substrate, a liquid crystal layer formed between the upper and lower substrates, and an alignment layer formed of an inorganic substance containing silicon (Si), oxygen (O), and carbon (C) on the upper and lower substrates. The transmittance of light through the LCD panel is high and is practically independent of the deposition temperature of the SiOC alignment layer over a wide range of deposition temperatures. The deposition of the alignment layer can be performed over a wide range of deposition temperatures while maintaining high levels of light transmission.

Abstract: Provided are a method of printing an alignment layer of a liquid crystal display and an alignment layer printing apparatus for performing the method. The method includes disposing a mother plate on a stage and aligning a plurality of heads with a one side surface of the stage. Each head comprises a plurality of nozzles to eject alignment solution. The method further includes inspecting an ejection of alignment solution ejected from the nozzles by operating the heads for a predetermined time, and if non-ejection of alignment solution from one of the nozzles is detected, circulating the alignment solution in the heads.

Abstract: A process of printing an alignment layer of a liquid crystal display is disclosed. The process of printing an alignment layer of a liquid crystal display includes disposing a substrate on a stage, aligning an inkjet head on the upper surface of the substrate, and printing alignment liquid ejected from the plurality of nozzles on the upper surface of the substrate. During the printing of alignment liquid, the stage or inkjet head is reciprocated in a first direction and the inkjet head is reciprocated in the second direction. The inkjet head includes a plurality of nozzles from which alignment liquid is ejected.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display apparatus includes first and second substrates, a fence, a liquid crystal layer and a plurality of spacers. The first substrate includes a display region for displaying an image. The second substrate faces the first substrate. The fence is disposed between the first substrate and the second substrate. The fence surrounds the display. The spacers maintain the distance between the first and second substrates. The spacers have a gradually increasing compression ratio in a direction from a center of the display region to an edge of the display region. The liquid crystal display apparatus maintains a uniform cell gap, even though a compressive stress of a center portion of the liquid crystal display apparatus is different with a compressive stress of an edge portion of the liquid crystal display apparatus. Therefore, display quality is enhanced.

Abstract: A spacer-printing apparatus includes a printing roller and a moving part. The printing roller has opposite edges connected by a curved surface and spacers are attached to the curved surface. The moving part is connected with the printing roller and respectively and alternately moves opposite edges up and down. The printing roller has a shape of a portion of cylinder, so that a radius is increased without the increase in volume and weight thereof.

Abstract: A method for forming alignment films in LCDs includes forming a conductive film on an LCD substrate, forming an inorganic alignment film on the conductive film, and etching the alignment film with an etching apparatus that includes a nozzle that sprays a plasma at atmospheric pressure onto a surface of the alignment film without using a mask pattern so as to form an etched region in the alignment film that exposes a portion of the underlying conductive film therethrough. The novel method enables LCD alignment films having sharp thickness profiles to be patterned easily and accurately, reduces the time required to manufacture LCDs, and minimizes the number of devices required to manufacture the LCDs.

Abstract: A system for determining the amount of LC that is dropped on a display panel is presented. The system can adjust the amount of the LC to be dropped based on a real-time feedback on the amount of LC that is currently being dropped. The amount of LC that is being dropped is detected by utilizing a light source and a CCD camera. Because LC is not consumed wastefully and the detection interval is shortened with this system, the amount of LC that is dropped can be controlled more accurately and manufacturing cost is reduced.

Abstract: An alignment layer for an LCD includes a thin layer of silicon oxide SiOx. The silicon oxide layer horizontally aligns liquid crystals thereon when the value of x is in the range from about 1.0 to about 1.5, but vertically aligns the liquid crystals when the value of x is in a range from about 1.5 to about 2.0. The alignment layer is readily formed on a large area of the substrate through chemical vapor deposition or evaporation deposition. Because the alignment layer is thermally and physically stable, the operational characteristics of the liquid crystal display employing this alignment layer are improved. In addition, the alignment layer has a thickness of about 500 to about 3000 angstroms thereby improving light transmittance of the LCD having the alignment layer.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display apparatus includes first and second substrates, a fence, a liquid crystal layer and a plurality of spacers. The first substrate includes a display region for displaying an image. The second substrate faces the first substrate. The fence is disposed between the first substrate and the second substrate. The fence surrounds the display. The spacers maintain the distance between the first and second substrates. The spacers have a gradually increasing compression ratio in a direction from a center of the display region to an edge of the display region. The liquid crystal display apparatus maintains a uniform cell gap, even though a compressive stress of a center portion of the liquid crystal display apparatus is different with a compressive stress of an edge portion of the liquid crystal display apparatus. Therefore, display quality is enhanced.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display apparatus includes first and second substrates, a fence, a liquid crystal layer and a plurality of spacers. The first substrate includes a display region for displaying an image. The second substrate faces the first substrate. The fence is disposed between the first substrate and the second substrate. The fence surrounds the display. The spacers maintain the distance between the first and second substrates. The spacers have a gradually increasing compression ratio in a direction from a center of the display region to an edge of the display region. The liquid crystal display apparatus maintains a uniform cell gap, even though a compressive stress of a center portion of the liquid crystal display apparatus is different with a compressive stress of an edge portion of the liquid crystal display apparatus. Therefore, display quality is enhanced.

Abstract: A display panel includes a pair of substrates separated by a liquid crystal layer, a polarization layer formed on one of the substrates, a color filter formed on the polarization layer, and a common electrode formed on the color filter wherein, the polarization layer substitutes for the conventional black matrix so that when the substrates are sealed together ultraviolet rays used to harden the sealant are not blocked by the black matrix.

Abstract: An apparatus for manufacturing a liquid crystal display includes a first roller, a second roller that engages the first roller, a third roller that is disposed substantially opposite to the second roller, wherein the first roller is interposed between the second and third roller and the third roller engages the first roller, a liquid chemical agent supplier that supplies a liquid chemical agent to the first roller, and a printing table on which a substrate contacting the third roller is mounted. The liquid chemical agent includes an aligning agent or spacer ink.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display apparatus includes first and second substrates, a fence, a liquid crystal layer and a plurality of spacers. The first substrate includes a display region for displaying an image. The second substrate faces the first substrate. The fence is disposed between the first substrate and the second substrate. The fence surrounds the display. The spacers maintain the distance between the first and second substrates. The spacers have a gradually increasing compression ratio in a direction from a center of the display region to an edge of the display region. The liquid crystal display apparatus maintains a uniform cell gap, even though a compressive stress of a center portion of the liquid crystal display apparatus is different with a compressive stress of an edge portion of the liquid crystal display apparatus. Therefore, display quality is enhanced.