Abstract: Disclosed herein is a catalyst comprising a binder; and a catalytic composition, the catalytic composition comprising a first catalyst composition that comprises a zeolite; and a second catalyst composition that comprises a catalytic metal disposed upon a porous inorganic material, wherein the porous inorganic material is a metal oxide, an inorganic oxide, an inorganic carbide, an inorganic nitride, an inorganic hydroxide, an inorganic oxide having a hydroxide coating, an inorganic carbonitride, an inorganic oxynitride, an inorganic boride, an inorganic borocarbide, or a combination comprising at least one of the foregoing inorganic materials; wherein the catalyst is in the form of an extrudate or foam.

Abstract: A system includes a fuel converter comprising a catalyst composition, and the catalyst composition can convert fuel into a hydrocarbon reductant stream; a separation system that separates the hydrocarbon reductant stream into a first reductant sub-stream that comprises short chain hydrocarbon molecules, and a second reductant sub-stream that comprises long chain hydrocarbon molecules; a selective catalytic reduction catalyst reactor in fluid communication with the fuel converter, and the catalyst reactor has an inner surface that defines a first zone and a second zone, and the first zone is configured to receive the second reductant sub-stream, and the second zone is configured to receive the first reductant sub-stream; and an exhaust stream that flows into the first zone contacts the second reductant sub-stream before flowing into the second zone and contacting the first reductant sub-stream.

Abstract: An emission reduction apparatus is provided that includes a fuel conversion unit configured to convert a first portion of fuel from a fuel tank into a set of reducing agents that includes hydrogen, an exhaust path configured to convey an exhaust stream containing nitrogen oxides away from an engine, a transport system configured to transport each of a second portion of fuel from the fuel tank, the set of reducing agents, and the hydrogen into the exhaust path such that a mixture is formed, and the catalytic material configured to aid in a conversion of at least a portion of the nitrogen oxides in the exhaust stream of the mixture into nitrogen.

Abstract: A system includes an exhaust conduit configured to conduct a stream of exhaust gas, wherein the exhaust conduit comprises a selective catalytic reduction catalyst reactor comprising a first catalyst composition; an fuel source configured to introduce a fuel into the exhaust gas stream within the exhaust conduit upstream of the selective catalytic reduction catalyst reactor; a catalytic partial oxidation reformer in fluid communication with the exhaust gas stream and upstream from the selective catalytic reduction catalyst reactor, wherein the catalytic partial oxidation reformer can introduce a hydrogen-rich syngas co-reductant into the exhaust gas stream, when a temperature of the exhaust fluid is less than a determined threshold temperature.

Abstract: A catalyst system for the reduction of NOx is disclosed. One embodiment of the catalyst system is based on a catalyst in a first zone, including a catalyst support, gallium, and at least one promoting metal; and a catalyst in the second zone following the first zone. The second-zone catalyst includes a second catalyst support and a zeolite material. The catalyst system further includes a gas stream comprising an organic reductant, such as a hydrocarbon material or a compound containing oxygen or nitrogen. A method for reducing NOx, utilizing the catalyst system, is also described.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a catalytic composition comprising a first catalyst composition portion that comprises a zeolite; and a second catalyst composition portion that comprises a catalytic metal disposed upon a porous inorganic substrate; the first catalyst composition portion and the second catalyst composition portion being in an intimate mixture.

Abstract: A filter includes a membrane having pores and that is air permeable. A nanoparticle precursor is dispersed throughout the pores, and the nanoparticle precursor is responsive to a stimulus to form a catalytically active nanoparticle. An associated method is also provided.

Abstract: A system is provided for operating a diesel engine with reduced emissions of NOx. The system comprises a fuel tank adapted to directly or indirectly supply a first premixed fuel stream and a second premixed fuel stream, wherein each fuel stream comprises a primary fuel component and a reductant component. An engine is in fluid communication with the fuel tank, whereby the engine is configured to receive the first premixed fuel stream and create an exhaust stream. The system includes an emission treatment unit to treat the exhaust stream, and a separation unit configured to receive the second premixed fuel stream. The separation unit is also configured to separate the second premixed fuel stream into a first fraction stream and a second fraction stream, and supply the first fraction stream to the exhaust stream. The first fraction stream comprises a higher concentration of the reductant component than the second fraction stream.

Abstract: A system is provided for the on-board production of reductants. The system comprises a fuel tank adapted to directly or indirectly supply a first fuel stream and a second fuel stream. An engine is in fluid communication with the fuel tank, and is configured to receive the first fuel stream and create an exhaust stream. The system further includes an emission treatment unit to treat the exhaust stream. A fuel conversion unit is configured to receive the second fuel stream, and also receive a stream comprising oxygen to partially oxidize at least a portion of the second fuel stream thereby forming reductants. In addition, the fuel conversion unit is configured to supply a reductant stream comprising the reductants to the exhaust stream. The invention further provides a method for the on-board production of reductants including supplying a first fuel stream to an engine, wherein the engine is configured to create an exhaust stream.

Abstract: An article includes a membrane having pores and that is air permeable. A nanoparticle precursor is dispersed throughout the pores, and the nanoparticle precursor is responsive to a stimulus to form a catalytically active nanoparticle. An associated method is also provided.

Abstract: A method is provided for operating a diesel engine with reduced emissions. The method comprises combusting a first biodiesel blend fuel in a diesel engine resulting in the production of diesel exhaust gases containing NOx. The diesel exhaust gases are admixed with a second biodiesel blend fuel, and the second biodiesel blend fuel is hydrolyzed to form reducing agents. The diesel exhaust gases containing NOx are passed through an NOx-reducing catalyst to reduce the NOx through a selective catalytic reduction reaction with the reducing agents. The invention further provides a method for operating a diesel engine with reduced emissions, comprising combusting a first biodiesel blend fuel in a diesel engine resulting in the production of diesel exhaust gases containing NOx. A second biodiesel blend fuel is converted in a fuel processor thereby forming reducing agents, and the diesel exhaust gases are admixed with the reducing agents.

Abstract: Systems and methods of removing at least nitrogen oxides from an exhaust fluid generally include dividing a flow of an exhaust fluid comprising a concentration of nitric oxide into three types of flow-through cells. The first flow-through cell comprises a catalyst configured to reduce the nitric oxide with a reductant to form a first feedstream comprising nitrogen containing species derived therefrom. The second flow-through cell comprises a catalyst configured to oxidize nitric oxide to form a second feedstream comprising nitrogen dioxide. The third flow-through cell does not change the nitric oxide concentration and form a third feedstream comprising nitric oxide. After flowing through the three different types of cells, the feedstreams are mixed to form a homogenous mixture and then fed to a catalyst bed configured to convert the nitrogen containing species, the nitric oxide, and the nitrogen dioxide to a fluid comprising nitrogen gas and water.

Abstract: A catalyst system for the reduction of NOx is disclosed. One embodiment of the catalyst system is based on a catalyst in a first zone, including a catalyst support, gallium, and at least one promoting metal; and a catalyst in the second zone following the first zone. The second-zone catalyst includes a second catalyst support and a zeolite material. The catalyst system further includes a gas stream comprising an organic reductant, such as a hydrocarbon material or a compound containing oxygen or nitrogen. A method for reducing NOx, utilizing the catalyst system, is also described.

Abstract: Systems and methods of removing at least nitrogen oxides from an exhaust fluid generally include dividing a flow of an exhaust fluid comprising a concentration of nitric oxide into three types of flow-through cells. The first flow-through cell comprises a catalyst configured to reduce the nitric oxide with a reductant to form a first feedstream comprising nitrogen containing species derived therefrom. The second flow-through cell comprises a catalyst configured to oxidize nitric oxide to form a second feedstream comprising nitrogen dioxide. The third flow-through cell does not change the nitric oxide concentration and form a third feedstream comprising nitric oxide. After flowing through the three different types of cells, the feedstreams are mixed to form a homogenous mixture and then fed to a catalyst bed configured to convert the nitrogen containing species, the nitric oxide, and the nitrogen dioxide to a fluid comprising nitrogen gas and water.