Abstract: The invention relates to a process for preparing isocyanates by reacting the corresponding amines with phosgene in the gas phase, optionally in the presence of an inert medium, in which phosgene and amine are first evaporated and then superheated further to reaction temperature, and the superheated phosgene and amine are mixed and fed to a reactor in which the phosgene and the amine are converted to the isocyanate, wherein the residence time of the phosgene at temperatures greater than 300° C. is not more than 5 s, and/or the temperature of heat transfer surfaces in contact with phosgene is not more than 20 K above the phosgene temperature to be established. The invention further relates to an apparatus for preparing isocyanates by reacting the corresponding amines with phosgene in the gas phase.

Abstract: A method of counteracting crystalline deposits on a surface includes applying a sprayable low-viscosity suspension including a binder system including at least one organosilicon constituent selected from the group consisting of alkylpolysiloxane, alkylsilicone resin and phenylsilicone resin; ceramic particles; hexagonal boron nitride particles; optionally, process additives; and at least one solvent to the surface and curing the suspension.

Abstract: A fuel-supply unit for a motor vehicle has a fuel container (2) that has several chambers (6, 7). The unit has a transfer pump (5) that is located inside the fuel container (2) for exclusively supplying ejector pumps (9, 10), which are positioned in the chambers (6, 7), with fuel as the pumping fluid. A primary fuel pump (4) that is located outside the fuel container (2) supplies an internal combustion engine (1) of the motor vehicle with fuel. The transfer pump (5) is operated discontinuously to prevent unnecessary power consumption.

Abstract: A process for purifying an aqueous glyoxal solution comprising at least one acid by extractive acid removal, comprising i) mixing and dispersion of the aqueous glyoxal solution with an ion exchanger solution comprising a tertiary amine and an organic solvent, ii) phase separation and removal of the ion exchanger solution laden with the acid from the aqueous glyoxal solution, and iii) regeneration of the ion exchanger solution by contacting with a basic compound for neutralization of the acid and removal of the basic compound, iv) mixing and dispersion of the ion exchanger solution with water to obtain a dispersion of water and ion exchanger solution, v) Phase separation and removal of the aqueous phase from the ion exchanger solution in such a way that the content of the aqueous phase of the regenerated ion exchanger solution is <1% by weight, and recycling of the ion exchanger solution into step i).

Abstract: A fuel delivery unit for insertion into a fuel tank of a motor vehicle has a swirl pot, a flange for closing an opening in the fuel tank, and a support element arranged between the flange and the swirl pot that prestresses the swirl pot towards a bottom of the fuel tank. A filling level sensor is arranged on the swirl pot. The swirl pot has at least one receptacle. The receptacle extends to a bottom of the swirl pot and completely surrounds the periphery of the support element and has an opening in the bottom region through which fuel from the fuel tank can enter the receptacle. The filling level sensor comprises a transmission and receiving unit for ultrasonic waves arranged in the fuel delivery unit such that the ultrasonic waves run in the receptacle and the support element.

Abstract: The invention provides a process for preparing polyisocyanates, comprising the steps of a) reacting amines with phosgene, b) removing hydrogen chloride, excess phosgene and, if appropriate, the solvent from the reaction mixture, c) separating the liquid mixture from step b) into a liquid phase and a gaseous phase, d) working up the gaseous phase from step c) to give the polyisocyanate.

Abstract: A process for purifying an aqueous glyoxal solution comprising at least one acid by extractive acid removal, comprising i) mixing and dispersion of the aqueous glyoxal solution with an ion exchanger solution comprising a tertiary amine and an organic solvent, ii) phase separation and removal of the ion exchanger solution laden with the acid from the aqueous glyoxal solution, and iii) regeneration of the ion exchanger solution by contacting with a basic compound for neutralization of the acid and removal of the basic compound, iv) mixing and dispersion of the ion exchanger solution with water to obtain a dispersion of water and ion exchanger solution, v) Phase separation and removal of the aqueous phase from the ion exchanger solution in such a way that the content of the aqueous phase of the regenerated ion exchanger solution is <1% by weight, and recycling of the ion exchanger solution into step i).

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for preparing isocyanates by reacting the corresponding amines with phosgene in the gas phase, optionally in the presence of an inert medium, in which phosgene and amine are first evaporated and then superheated further to reaction temperature, and the superheated phosgene and amine are mixed and fed to a reactor in which the phosgene and the amine are converted to the isocyanate, wherein the residence time of the phosgene at temperatures greater than 300° C. is not more than 5 s, and/or the temperature of heat transfer surfaces in contact with phosgene is not more than 20 K above the phosgene temperature to be established. The invention further relates to an apparatus for preparing isocyanates by reacting the corresponding amines with phosgene in the gas phase.

Abstract: A process for preparing chlorine by oxidation of hydrogen chloride in the presence of a heterogeneous particulate catalyst by the Deacon process in a fluidized-bed reactor (1), in which the heat of reaction is removed by evaporative cooling by means of water which circulates in the tubes (2) of a shell-and-tube heat exchanger, with the water being fed from a steam drum (4) via a feed line (5) to the tubes (2) of the shell-and-tube heat exchanger at one end of these, being heated in the tubes (2) by uptake of the heat of reaction and partly vaporizing to give a water/steam mixture which at the other end of the tubes (2) of the shell-and-tube heat exchanger is recirculated via a return line (6) to the steam drum (4), wherein the maximum pressure for which the fluidized-bed reactor (1) has to be designed to allow for the event of rupture of a tube (2) of the shell-and-tube heat exchanger is minimized by a valve (7) which in the event of a pressure increase as a result of rupture of a tube (2) closes the feed lin

Abstract: This specification describes the use of a composition comprising a nanoscale powder, a porous ceramic powder and a solvent for protecting a metallic surface against chemical attacks at high temperatures, in particular in a reducing and/or carburizing atmosphere, and also a corresponding process. Furthermore, this specification describes a plant part having a metallic surface which, in the operating state, is exposed to a reducing and/or carburizing atmosphere, wherein the surface is coated with a porous protective coating having a specific surface area of at least 20 m2/g.

Abstract: Process for recovering cyclododecatriene (CDT) from a solution containing CDT and high boilers such as deactivated catalyst and polymers, which includes feeding the solution into a preheater and heating it, subsequently depressurizing it through a downstream pressure maintenance device and feeding the resulting two-phase mixture into a helical tube evaporator and there reducing the CDT content of the liquid phase by partial evaporation and discharging a gaseous product stream having an increased concentration of CDT.

Abstract: The invention provides a process for preparing polyisocyanates, comprising the steps of a) reacting amines with phosgene, b) removing hydrogen chloride, excess phosgene and, if appropriate, the solvent from the reaction mixture, c) separating the liquid mixture from step b) into a liquid phase and a gaseous phase, d) working up the gaseous phase from step c) to give the polyisocyanate.

Abstract: A device (1) for supplying electric current to the fuel pump (2) of a motor vehicle internal combustion engine (3) comprises a DC/DC converter (13) which increases voltage to a predetermined value in the event of a voltage drop of a direct current source (7). This ensures an adequate voltage supply of the fuel pump (2) even at low voltages of the direct voltage source. When the voltage (15) of the direct voltage source (7) is sufficient, the DC/DC converter (13) is bridged, so that the fuel pump (2) is directly supplied with fuel from the direct voltage source (7). The DC/DC converter is also bridged when the device is faulty.

Abstract: A conveying device (1) has a fuel pump (5) for supplying an internal combustion engine (2) of a motor vehicle with fuel. The conveying device further has a monitoring apparatus (10) for determining the wear condition or the degree of soiling of the fuel pump (5). To this end, the monitoring apparatus (10) compares the power consumption to the hydraulic power of the fuel pump (5). A diagnostic display (11) is activated when a predefined value for the power consumption is exceeded.

Abstract: A fuel delivery unit for insertion into a fuel tank of a motor vehicle has a swirl pot, a flange for closing an opening in the fuel tank, and a support element arranged between the flange and the swirl pot that prestresses the swirl pot towards a bottom of the fuel tank. A filling level sensor is arranged on the swirl pot. The swirl pot has at least one receptacle. The receptacle extends to a bottom of the swirl pot and completely surrounds the periphery of the support element and has an opening in the bottom region through which fuel from the fuel tank can enter the receptacle. The filling level sensor comprises a transmission and receiving unit for ultrasonic waves arranged in the fuel delivery unit such that the ultrasonic waves run in the receptacle and the support element.

Abstract: An apparatus is arranged for providing drive-off security in a motor vehicle environment through blocking one or more vehicle engine system sub-functions, such blocking is triggered by detecting an unauthorized system activation. A particular such sub-function facility comprises an on-off control circuit is used to control the functionality of a fuel pump arrangement.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method and device for testing the measuring value of at least one filling level sensor arranged in a fuel tank. A plurality of measurements are taken by the filling level sensors and are each compared with a physical variable to determine whether the measurements are plausible. If, based on the comparison, the measurements from the sensors are not plausible, a warning signal is fed to a warning device and a warning information item is triggered by the warning device.

Abstract: A fuel container for a motor vehicle has a structural unit that includes of a separator and an activated carbon filter that forms a ventilation device. The structural unit is attached in a chamber for the collection of fuel and has common container for the retention of the separator and the activated carbon filter. The container is mounted on a fuel conveyance unit.

Abstract: A process for transferring heat to a liquid F comprising dissolved monomeric acrylic acid, Michael acrylic acid oligomers, and acrylic acid polymer with the aid of an indirect heat exchanger to which are supplied the liquid F with a temperature TF of ?150° C. and a fluid heat carrier W with a temperature of TW>TF, wherein the formation of gas bubbles and/or of thin layers of liquid F adjoining a gas phase is brought about in the liquid F during the flow through the heat exchanger.

Abstract: A fuel delivery unit for delivering fuel from a fuel container to an internal combustion engine of a motor vehicle, comprising a plurality of components, with the components being a flange for closing an opening in the fuel container, a splash pot which is connected to the flange by means of supporting elements a fuel pump which is arranged in said splash pot, a fuel filter, a pressure regulator, a filling level sensor and a pump pre-filter, and means for connecting each individual component to a ground potential of the motor vehicle. Components through and around which fuel flows are connected to the ground potential by means of at least two electrically conductive connections.