Abstract: The method for forming the semiconductor structure includes the following steps. A substrate that is divided into a cell region and a peripheral region is provided. A bottom dielectric layer is formed on the substrate. A first stacked structure and a second stacked structure are formed on the bottom dielectric layer. The first stacked structure is disposed in the cell region and the second stacked structure is disposed in the peripheral region. The first stacked structure is patterned to form first conductive stacks. A first cleaning process is performed. A first repair dielectric layer is formed on the first conductive stacks, the second stacked structure, and the bottom dielectric layer. The second stacked structure is patterned to form second conductive stacks. A second cleaning process is performed. A second repair dielectric layer is formed on the first conductive stacks, the second conductive stacks, and the bottom dielectric layer.

Abstract: A standby current detection circuit includes multiple first transistors. The first transistors are coupled in series to form a first detection circuit string, where N is a positive integer. The first detection circuit string is disposed on a scribe lane of a wafer, and the first detection circuit string is operated in a standby state and serves as a test medium for a standby current.

Abstract: A semiconductor structure and a method of forming the same are provided. The semiconductor structure includes a substrate, a floating gate, a dielectric stack, a control gate, and a protective layer. The substrate includes an active region and a peripheral region. The floating gate is disposed on the substrate. The dielectric stack is disposed on the floating gate. The control gate is disposed on the dielectric stack. The protective layer is disposed on the control gate. The protective layer located in the active region has a stepped portion.

Abstract: A method of fabricating a resistive random access memory cell includes the following steps. A second sacrificial layer is formed around a patterned stacked layer. An opening passing through first conductive layers and first sacrificial layers of the patterned stacked layer is formed. A second conductive layer is formed in the opening, and the second conductive layer and the first conductive layers form a first electrode layer. The first sacrificial layers and the second sacrificial layer are removed. A variable resistance layer and an oxygen reservoir layer are formed. The oxygen reservoir layer is patterned to form a patterned oxygen reservoir layer and expose the variable resistance layer. A second dielectric layer is formed on the variable resistance layer and the patterned oxygen reservoir layer. A second electrode is formed in the second dielectric layer.

Abstract: A physical unclonable function (PUF) code generating apparatus includes a PUF code generating element and a PUF code storage element. The PUF code generating element is configured to generate a PUF code. The PUF code storage element is coupled to the PUF code generating element. The PUF code storage element is configured to receive and store the PUF code. The PUF code generating element includes multiple first memory cells. Each of the first memory cells includes a gate layer, a semiconductor layer, and a tunnel oxide layer. The tunnel oxide layer is located between the gate layer and the semiconductor layer. The tunnel oxide layer includes a central area and a peripheral area. A ratio of a minimum thickness of the peripheral area to a maximum thickness of the central area of the tunnel oxide layer is defined as a corner ratio, and the corner ratio is less than 0.99.

Abstract: A memory device includes a substrate, an electrical channel layer, a first electrode, a resistive switching layer, a second electrode, and a conductive structure. The electrical channel layer is disposed on the substrate. The first electrode is disposed on the substrate and extends into the electrical channel layer. The resistive switching layer is disposed between the first electrode and the electrical channel layer. The second electrode is disposed on the electrical channel layer. The conductive structure connects the electrical channel layer and the second electrode.

Abstract: A method of forming a memory structure is provided. The method includes providing a substrate, wherein the substrate has a plurality of isolation structures, and the isolation structures include a plurality of first protrusions protruding above the substrate; replacing the first protrusions with a plurality of second protrusions to define a plurality of predetermined regions of floating gates between the second protrusions. The replacing step includes forming an insulation filling material between the first protrusions and on the substrate, and performing a patterning process to the insulation filling and the first protrusions to form second protrusions to define the predetermined regions of the floating gates, and forming a plurality of floating gates in the predetermined regions of the floating gates.

Abstract: A resistive random access memory (RRAM) and its manufacturing method are provided. The RRAM includes bottom contact structures formed in a substrate, memory cells formed on the substrate, and an insulating structure formed between adjacent memory cells. The memory cell includes a bottom electrode layer, two L-shaped resistance switching layers, oxygen ion diffusion barrier layers, and a top electrode layer. The bottom electrode layer is formed on one of the bottom contact structures. The L-shaped resistance switching layer has a horizontal portion and a vertical portion, and is formed on the bottom electrode layer. The oxygen ion diffusion barrier layers are formed on the inner and outer sidewalls of the vertical portion of the L-shaped resistance switching layers. The L-shaped resistance switching layers are between the top electrode layer and the bottom electrode layer.

Abstract: A method of fabricating a resistive random access memory cell includes the following steps. A second sacrificial layer is formed around a patterned stacked layer. An opening passing through first conductive layers and first sacrificial layers of the patterned stacked layer is formed. A second conductive layer is formed in the opening, and the second conductive layer and the first conductive layers form a first electrode layer. The first sacrificial layers and the second sacrificial layer are removed. A variable resistance layer and an oxygen reservoir layer are formed. The oxygen reservoir layer is patterned to form a patterned oxygen reservoir layer and expose the variable resistance layer. A second dielectric layer is formed on the variable resistance layer and the patterned oxygen reservoir layer. A second electrode is formed in the second dielectric layer.

Abstract: A resistive random access memory cell includes a first electrode layer, an oxygen reservoir layer, a variable resistance layer, and a second electrode. The first electrode layer is located on a dielectric layer, and includes a body part extending in a first direction and multiple extension parts connected to a sidewall of the body part and extending in a second direction. The second direction is perpendicular to the first direction. The oxygen reservoir layer covers the first electrode layer. The variable resistance layer is located between the first electrode layer and the oxygen reservoir layer. The second electrode is located above a top surface of the oxygen reservoir layer and around an upper sidewall of the oxygen reservoir layer.

Abstract: A resistive random access memory, including a first electrode layer and a second electrode layer disposed opposite to each other, a variable resistance layer located between the first electrode layer and the second electrode layer, an oxygen exchange layer located between the variable resistance layer and the second electrode layer, a vacancy-supplying layer surrounding a middle sidewall of the oxygen exchange layer; and a vacancy-driving electrode layer located on the vacancy-supply layer and surrounding an upper sidewall of the oxygen exchange layer, is provided. A method of fabricating the resistive random access memory is also provided.

Abstract: A resistive memory including a substrate, a first electrode, a second electrode, a resistance changeable layer and an oxygen reservoir layer is provided. The first electrode is located on the substrate. The second electrode is located between the first electrode and the substrate. The resistance changeable layer is located between the first electrode and the second electrode. The oxygen reservoir layer is located between the first electrode and the resistance changeable layer. The oxygen reservoir layer includes a first portion, a second portion and a third portion. The second portion is connected to one side of the first portion. The third portion is connected to the other side of the first portion. A thickness of the first portion is greater than a thickness of the second portion and a thickness of the third portion. The first portion of the oxygen reservoir layer protrudes toward the first electrode.

Abstract: A semiconductor structure includes a substrate, a first electrode, a vacancy supply layer, a sidewall barrier layer, an oxygen reservoir layer, a resistive switching layer, and a second electrode. The first electrode is disposed on the substrate. The vacancy supply layer is disposed on the first electrode. The sidewall barrier layer is disposed on the first electrode. The oxygen reservoir layer is disposed on the first electrode. The sidewall barrier layer is disposed between the oxygen reservoir layer and the vacancy supply layer. The resistive switching layer is disposed on the vacancy supply layer. The second electrode is disposed on the resistive switching layer.

Abstract: Provided is a resistive random access memory (RRAM) including a first electrode layer and a second electrode layer disposed opposite to each other, a variable resistance layer located between the first electrode layer and the second electrode layer, an oxygen exchange layer located between the variable resistance layer and the second electrode layer, a conductive layer laterally surrounding a sidewall of the oxygen exchange layer, a first barrier layer located between the conductive layer and the oxygen exchange layer and between the oxygen exchange layer and the variable resistance layer, and a second barrier layer located between the conductive layer and the second electrode layer and between the second electrode layer and the oxygen exchange layer.

Abstract: Provided is a method of manufacturing a resistive random access memory (RRAM) including: forming a lower electrode protruding from a top surface of a dielectric layer; conformally forming a data storage layer on the lower electrode and the dielectric layer; forming an oxygen reservoir material layer on the data storage layer; forming an opening in the oxygen reservoir material layer to expose the data storage layer on the lower electrode; forming an isolation structure in the opening, wherein the isolation structure divides the oxygen reservoir material layer into a first oxygen reservoir layer and a second oxygen reservoir layer; and forming an upper electrode on the first and second oxygen reservoir layers, wherein the first and second oxygen reservoir layers share the upper electrode.

Abstract: A RRAM and its manufacturing method are provided. The RRAM includes an interlayer dielectric layer, a first bottom contact structure, and a second bottom contact structure formed on a substrate. A first memory cell is formed on the first bottom contact structure. The first memory cell includes a first bottom electrode layer which includes a first conductive region. A pattern in which the first conductive region is vertically projected on the first bottom contact structure is a first projection pattern. A second memory cell is formed on the second bottom contact structure. The second memory cell includes a second bottom electrode layer which includes a second conductive region. A pattern in which the second conductive region is vertically projected on the second bottom contact structure is a second projection pattern. The second projection pattern is different from the first projection pattern.

Abstract: A key generator including a first access circuit, a first calculating circuit and a first certification circuit is provided. The first access circuit writes first predetermined data to a first resistive memory cell during a write period and reads a first current passing through the first resistive memory cell after a randomization process. The first calculating circuit calculates the first current to generate a first calculation result. The first certification circuit generates a first password according to the first calculation result.

Abstract: A conductive bridge random access memory and its manufacturing method are provided. The conductive bridge random access memory includes a bottom electrode, an inter-metal dielectric, a resistance switching assembly, and a top electrode. The bottom electrode is disposed on a substrate, and the inter-metal dielectric is disposed above the bottom electrode. The resistance switching assembly is disposed on the bottom electrode and positioned in the inter-metal dielectric. The resistance switching assembly has a reverse T-shape cross-section. The top electrode is disposed on the resistance switching assembly and the inter-metal dielectric.

Abstract: Provided are a resistive random access memory and a method of manufacturing the same. The resistive random access memory includes a stacked structure and a bit line structure. The stacked structure is disposed on a substrate. The stacked structure includes a bottom electrode, a top electrode and a resistance-switching layer. The bottom electrode is disposed on the substrate. The top electrode is disposed on the bottom electrode. The resistance-switching layer is disposed between the bottom electrode and the top electrode. The bit line structure covers a top surface of the stacked structure and covers a portion of a sidewall of the stacked structure. The bit line structure is electrically connected to the stacked structure.

Abstract: A resistive random access memory cell includes a first electrode layer, an oxygen reservoir layer, a variable resistance layer, and a second electrode. The first electrode layer is located on a dielectric layer, and includes a body part extending in a first direction and multiple extension parts connected to a sidewall of the body part and extending in a second direction. The second direction is perpendicular to the first direction. The oxygen reservoir layer covers the first electrode layer. The variable resistance layer is located between the first electrode layer and the oxygen reservoir layer. The second electrode is located above a top surface of the oxygen reservoir layer and around an upper sidewall of the oxygen reservoir layer.