Abstract: An electrochemical battery system in one embodiment includes a first electrochemical cell including an anode with a form of lithium, a first plurality of pressure sensors positioned and configured to sense localized variations in pressure along the anode, a memory in which command instructions are stored, and a processor configured to execute the command instructions to (i) identify an indication of a variation in localized pressure along the anode, and (ii) selectively control the first electrochemical cell based upon the identified indication.

Abstract: In accordance with one embodiment an electrochemical cell system includes a housing, at least one electrochemical cell within the housing and including an anode including a form of lithium, and an ionic liquid electrolyte within a cathode, the cathode separated from the anode by a solid separator impervious to the ionic liquid electrolyte, a temperature sensor within the housing, and an environmental controller at least partially positioned within the housing and configured to maintain a temperature within the housing at least 50° C. above ambient based upon input from the temperature sensor.

Abstract: One embodiment provides a method, comprising: calculating, using at least one computer, a distance to a hull for an alloy XxY1-x in the range 0.01?x?0.99, where X and Y are perovskite materials; determining, using the at least one computer, a preferred phase for the alloy in the range 0.01?x?0.99; and selecting an alloy composition having the distance to the hull being less than 0.1 eV/atom and for which the preferred phase in at least a portion of the range 0.01?x?0.99 is a tetragonal phase. Piezoelectric materials as selected by the method are also provided.

Abstract: An electrochemical battery system in one embodiment includes a first electrode, a second electrode spaced apart from the first electrode, a separator positioned between the first electrode and the second electrode, an active material within the second electrode, a pressure sensor in fluid connection with the second electrode, a memory in which command instructions are stored, and a processor configured to execute the command instructions to obtain a pressure signal from the pressure sensor associated with the pressure within the second electrode, and to identify a state of charge of the electrochemical battery system based upon the pressure signal.

Abstract: A lithium ion-conducting compound, having a garnet-like crystal structure, and having the general formula: Lin[A(3-a?-a?)A?(a?)A?(a?)][B(2-b?-b?)B?(b?)B?(b?)][C?(c?)C?(c?)]O12, where A, A?, A? stand for a dodecahedral position of the crystal structure, where A stands for La, Y, Pr, Nd, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm and/or Yb, A? stands for Ca, Sr and/or Ba, A? stands for Na and/or K, 0<a?<2 and 0<a?<1, where B, B?, B? stand for an octahedral position of the crystal structure, where B stands for Zr, Hf and/or Sn, B? stands for Ta, Nb, Sb and/or Bi, B? stands for at least one element selected from the group including Te, W and Mo, 0<b?<2 and 0<b?<2, where C and C? stand for a tetrahedral position of the crystal structure, where C stands for Al and Ga, C? stands for Si and/or Ge, 0<c?<0.5 and 0<c?<0.4, and where n=7+a?+2·a??b??2·b??3·c??4·c? and 5.5<n<6.875.

Abstract: A method for producing a thermoelectric module with a plurality of thermoelectric leg elements, which are electrically connected in series at opposite ends, includes arranging the leg elements on an electrically conducting plate, connecting the leg elements to the electrically conducting plate, and cutting up the electrically conducting plate into a plurality of conductor tracks, which respectively connect two of the leg elements to one another. From a further aspect, a pre-product for the production of a thermoelectric module by such a method includes an electrically conducting plate with a plurality of conductor track regions for the formation of conductor tracks. The electrically conducting plate has a lower mechanical stability in at least one zone of weakness between two conductor track regions than in the conductor track regions.

Abstract: In one embodiment, a metal/oxygen battery with an oxygen management system includes a negative electrode, a positive electrode, a separator positioned between the negative electrode and the positive electrode, a first oxygenated gas supply reservoir, a compressor with an outlet fluidly coupled to the first oxygenated gas supply reservoir, and a valve and pressure regulator fluidly coupled to the first oxygenated gas supply reservoir and to the positive electrode and configured to place the first oxygenated gas supply reservoir in fluid communication with the positive electrode during a discharge cycle, and place the positive electrode in fluid communication with an inlet of the compressor during a charge cycle.

Abstract: A vehicular battery system includes an oxygen reservoir supported by a vehicle, a vehicular battery system stack operably connected to the oxygen reservoir and a multistage compressor, the vehicular battery system stack including an active material which consumes oxygen from the oxygen reservoir during discharge, at least one sensor configured to generate a pressure signal associated with a pressure in the oxygen reservoir, a memory, and a processor operably connected to the memory and the at least one sensor, the processor configured to execute program instructions stored within the memory to obtain the pressure signal, and control the state of charge of the vehicular battery system stack based upon the obtained pressure signal.

Abstract: A metal/air electrochemical cell in one embodiment includes a negative electrode, a positive electrode, an oxygen supply, and a closed oxygen conducting membrane less than about 50 microns thick located between the oxygen supply and the positive electrode.

Abstract: A hydrogen/bromine reduction-oxidation flow battery system includes a bromine electrode, a hydrogen electrode, a membrane, a first catalyst, and a second catalyst. The membrane is positioned between the bromine electrode and the hydrogen electrode. The first catalyst is associated with the bromine electrode. The second catalyst is associated with the hydrogen electrode and at least partially formed from a subsurface alloy configured (i) to promote facile dissociation of H2, and (ii) to prevent bromide from adsorbing onto the hydrogen electrode.

Abstract: A vehicular battery system includes a vehicular battery system stack including at least one negative electrode including a form of lithium, an oxygen reservoir having a first outlet operably connected to the vehicular battery system stack, a multistage compressor having a first inlet operably connected to the vehicular battery system stack, and a second outlet operably connected to a second inlet of the oxygen reservoir, and a cooling system operably connected to the multistage compressor and configured to provide a coolant to the multistage compressor to cool a compressed fluid within the multistage compressor.

Abstract: An electrochemical cell in one embodiment includes a negative electrode including a form of lithium, a positive electrode spaced apart from the negative electrode, a separator positioned between the negative electrode and the positive electrode, and a first lithium ion conducting and ionically insulating composite solid electrolyte layer positioned between the negative electrode and the positive electrode.

Abstract: An electrochemical cell in one embodiment includes a negative electrode including a form of lithium, a positive electrode spaced apart from the negative electrode, a separator positioned between the negative electrode and the positive electrode, and a moderator layer positioned between the negative electrode and the separator.

Abstract: In one embodiment, a metal/oxygen electrochemical cell includes a negative electrode, a separator positioned adjacent to the negative electrode, a positive electrode spaced apart from the negative electrode by the separator, the positive electrode including a porous electrically conductive material portion, the porous electrically conductive material portion coated with a conformally coated protective layer, and an electrolyte within the porous electrically conductive material portion.

Abstract: In one embodiment, an electrochemical cell includes a negative electrode, a porous separator adjacent to the negative electrode, and a positive electrode separated from the negative electrode by the porous separator, the positive electrode including a conductive matrix and a plurality of insulator particles extending from the conductive matrix.

Abstract: A battery system in one embodiment includes a negative electrode, a separator layer adjacent to the negative electrode, and a positive electrode adjacent to the separator layer, the positive electrode including a gas phase and an electrically conductive framework defining at least one wetting channel, the wetting channel configured to distribute an electrolyte within the electrically conductive framework.

Abstract: In one embodiment, a metal/air battery includes a negative electrode, a positive electrode, a protection layer located between the negative electrode and the positive electrode, and a liquid phase electrolyte within the positive electrode, wherein the positive electrode is arranged to induce convection of the electrolyte by movement of a gas phase of oxygen within the positive electrode.

Abstract: A metal/air battery in one embodiment includes a negative electrode, a positive electrode, and a separator positioned between the negative electrode and the positive electrode, wherein the pressure within the positive electrode is maintained at or above 10 bar with compression energy provided by electrons driving electrochemical reaction in the battery during charging of the metal/air battery.

Abstract: A battery system in one embodiment includes a first battery cell including a shell encasing a positive electrode, a negative electrode, and a separator positioned between the positive electrode and the negative electrode, and at least one first wireless temperature sensor assembly encased within the first shell.

Abstract: An electrochemical cell in one embodiment includes a negative electrode, a positive electrode spaced apart from the negative electrode, a separator positioned between the negative electrode and the positive electrode; and an active material particle within the positive electrode, the active material particle including an outer shell defining a core with a substantially constant volume and including a form of oxygen, the outer shell substantially impervious to oxygen and pervious to lithium.