Abstract: A magnetic flowmeter sensor includes two sensor faces, a conduit, a liner lining the conduit, and mechanical fasteners. The sensor faces are on each end of the sensor for connecting the sensor to the process fluid flow. The conduit connects the two sensor faces for conducting the process fluid flow through the sensor. The liner extends across at least a portion of each sensor face at each end of the flowmeter sensor to form a planar sealing surface on each end of the sensor. The liner includes holes through which the mechanical fasteners pass to mechanically attach the liner to the flowmeter sensor to prevent shifting of the liner. The mechanical fasteners do not extend beyond the planar sealing surfaces.

Abstract: A high precision clipping regulator circuit includes a first protection diode, a second protection diode, a first offset clamp voltage regulator, and a second offset clamp voltage regulator. The first protection diode is configured to conduct when a voltage potential exceeds a first protection voltage magnitude, and is operable to exhibit variations in the first protection voltage magnitude. The second protection diode is configured to conduct when a voltage potential exceeds a second protection voltage magnitude, and is operable to exhibit variations in the second protection voltage magnitude. The first reference and second voltage regulator circuits are configured to determine when the first and second protection voltages vary and, in response thereto, to vary the first and second variable offset clamp voltages so that a difference in voltage across the protection diodes remains substantially constant.

Abstract: A magnetic flowmeter for sensing process fluid flow is provided. The flowmeter includes a tube configured to receive the process fluid flow therethrough. A plurality of electrodes is disposed to contact process fluid. At least one electromagnetic coil is disposed proximate the tube. Flowmeter electronics are configured to drive a current through at least one electromagnetic coil and to sense a signal developed across a plurality of electrodes disposed to contact process fluid. A flexible circuit module is disposed proximate the tube, and has at least one flexible circuit containing a plurality of electrical traces electrically coupled to the flowmeter electronics. The at least one electromagnetic coil includes a first coil in the flexible circuit module that is coupled to the electrical traces.

Abstract: A magnetic flowmeter for measuring flow rate of a process fluid, includes a magnetic coil arranged to apply a magnetic field to the process fluid. A pair of electrodes are electronically coupled to the process fluid and arranged to sense a voltage induced in the process fluid related to the applied magnetic field and the flow rate of the process fluid. A molded flow tube of a non-conductive material is arranged to receive a flow of the process fluid. The flow tube is molded around the magnetic coil and the pair of electrodes and is configured to support the magnetic coil and the pair of electrodes. Flow meter circuitry is configured to apply a current to the magnetic coil and receive the resultant voltage sensed by the pair of electrodes.

Abstract: A magnetic flowmeter for measuring a flow of a process fluid includes a flowtube arranged to receive the flow of the process fluid. First, second and third coils are arranged adjacent the flowtube. First and second electrodes are arranged to sense an electrical potential of the process fluid related to an applied magnetic field and a flow rate of the process fluid. The sensed electrical potential is used to calculate the flow rate of the process fluid through the flow tube.

Abstract: A high precision clipping regulator circuit includes a first protection diode, a second protection diode, a first offset clamp voltage regulator, and a second offset clamp voltage regulator. The first protection diode is configured to conduct when a voltage potential exceeds a first protection voltage magnitude, and is operable to exhibit variations in the first protection voltage magnitude. The second protection diode is configured to conduct when a voltage potential exceeds a second protection voltage magnitude, and is operable to exhibit variations in the second protection voltage magnitude. The first reference and second voltage regulator circuits are configured to determine when the first and second protection voltages vary and, in response thereto, to vary the first and second variable offset clamp voltages so that a difference in voltage across the protection diodes remains substantially constant.

Abstract: A magnetic flowmeter sensor includes two sensor faces, a conduit, a liner lining the conduit, and mechanical fasteners. The sensor faces are on each end of the sensor for connecting the sensor to the process fluid flow. The conduit connects the two sensor faces for conducting the process fluid flow through the sensor. The liner extends across at least a portion of each sensor face at each end of the flowmeter sensor to form a planar sealing surface on each end of the sensor. The liner includes holes through which the mechanical fasteners pass to mechanically attach the liner to the flowmeter sensor to prevent shifting of the liner. The mechanical fasteners do not extend beyond the planar sealing surfaces.

Abstract: A process fluid flow measurement device includes a fluid flow member having an inlet with a first diameter and a throat with a second diameter that is smaller than the first diameter. A first process fluid pressure tap is disposed proximate the inlet and a second process fluid pressure tap is disposed proximate the throat. A differential pressure sensor is operably coupled to the first and second process fluid pressure taps. Differential pressure measurement circuitry is coupled to the differential pressure sensor to provide a differential pressure signal related to a difference in pressure between process fluid pressure at the first and second taps. A process fluid velocity measurement device is positioned in the throat to measure a velocity of process fluid flowing therethrough and provide a fluid velocity indication. The differential pressure sensor signal and the fluid velocity indication are used to provide a calculated indication of fluid flow.

Abstract: A polyester production process employing an esterification system that utilizes a horizontally elongated esterification vessel as an esterification reactor and/or a vapor-liquid disengagement vessel.

Abstract: In one embodiment, a social networking system the social networking system filters content objects based upon the compatibility between the application and the detected device platform. In particular embodiments, content objects are only displayed on a particular platform if there exists an optimized version of the application generating the content object for the particular platform.

Abstract: A system for processing large quantities of a reaction medium while maintaining the reaction medium in sheets. The system includes a reactor having a plurality of vertically-spaced downwardly-sloped trays over which the reaction medium flows while it is subjected to reaction conditions. The slope of the trays increases downwardly to accommodate for the increased viscosity of the reaction medium while the reaction medium flows downwardly through the reactor. An upper portion of the trays have a uni-directional configuration, while a lower portion of the trays have a bi-directional configuration. Further, the orientation of flow across the uni-directional trays is rotated by 90 degrees in at least one location as the reaction medium flows down the uni-directional trays.

Abstract: A process for producing non-solid-stated polyester polymer particles having one or more properties similar to polyester polymer particles that have undergone solid-state processing.

Abstract: A coil assembly includes a coil form and a winding. The coil form includes a base defining a loop defined by a pair of opposed first sides and a pair of opposed second sides, a plurality of spaced apart support members extending from the base along the first sides, and a coil support structure extending from the base at each of the second sides. Each support member includes a first portion and a second portion, the first portion extending from the base and the second portion extending from the first portion, with a gap is defined between adjacent support members. The winding abuts the first portion of at least some of the spaced apart support members and is at least partially secured by the second portions of the support members. The winding abuts each of the coil support structures, and is curved in a saddle shape.

Abstract: Novel hair holding devices having first and second pivotally connected body members including hair gripping portions, and methods for improving existing such hair holding devices, in which the improvement involves providing the first and second body members with at least one elastomeric member for biasing the first and second body members into a closed position and for conforming to gathered strands of a user's hair when the hair gripping portions come into contact with gathered strands of a user's hair.

Abstract: A reactor system operable to facilitate a chemical reaction in a reaction medium flowing therethrough. The reactor system includes a heat exchanger for heating the reaction medium and a disengagement vessel for disengaging vapor from the heated reaction medium.

Abstract: Processes for making polyesters in a polyester production facility are disclosed, that include the steps of: forming a reaction medium comprising at least one monomer that includes terephthalic acid (TPA) and/or an ester derivative of TPA; subjecting at least a portion of the reaction medium to one or more chemical reactions in the polyester production facility to thereby produce the polyester; heating at least a portion of the reaction medium via indirect heat exchange with high-pressure steam, wherein the heating causes at least a portion of the high-pressure steam to condense and thereby provide pressurized condensed water; flashing at least a portion of the pressurized condensed water to thereby produce lower-pressure steam; and heating one or more process fluid streams of the polyester production facility via indirect heat exchange with at least a portion of the lower-pressure steam, wherein the process fluid streams include any stream that is formed predominately of the reaction medium and/or the at lea

Abstract: Integrated processes for making polyesters are disclosed, that include the steps of: (a) producing an aromatic polycarboxylic acid in a monomer production facility; (b) producing a polyester in a polyester production facility, wherein the producing of the polyester comprises the substeps of: (i) forming a polyester reaction medium comprising at least a portion of the aromatic polycarboxylic acid from the monomer production facility, (ii) subjecting at least a portion of the polyester reaction medium to one or more chemical reactions to thereby produce the polyester, (iii) heating the polyester reaction medium at one or more locations in the polyester production facility via indirect heat exchange with high-pressure steam, wherein the heating causes at least a portion of the high-pressure steam to condense and thereby provide pressurized condensed water, and (iv) flashing at least a portion of the pressurized condensed water to thereby produce lower-pressure steam; and (c) using at least a portion of the lower

Abstract: A polyester production system employing a vertically elongated esterification reactor. The esterification reactor of the present invention is an improvement over conventional CSTR esterification reactors because, for example, in one embodiment, the reactor requires little or no mechanical agitation. Further, in one embodiment, the positioning of the inlets and outlets of the reactor provides improved operational performance and flexibility over CSTRs of the prior art.

Abstract: An engine system includes a throttle actuator module and a torque control module. The throttle actuator module controls a throttle actuator based on a desired throttle area. The torque control module determines an actuator torque. The torque control module determines a rate limited torque, a maximum torque, and a minimum torque based on the actuator torque and a predetermined rate of change. The torque control module determines the desired throttle area based on the actuator torque when the rate limited torque is greater than the maximum torque. The torque control module determines the desired throttle area based on the actuator torque when the rate limited torque is less than the minimum torque.

Abstract: The invention is directed to polyester processes that utilizes a pipe reactor in the esterification, polycondensation, or both esterification and polycondensation processes. Pipe reactor processes of the present invention have a multitude of advantages over prior art processes including improved heat transfer, volume control, agitation and disengagement functions.