Abstract: A glass article, a method of producing a glass article, and a display device are provided. The glass article, has a ratio of an intensity of hydrogen ions at a depth of 30 nm from a surface to an intensity of hydrogen ions at the surface that is equal to or greater than 1:4.

Abstract: A cover window, a manufacturing method of a cover window, and a display device including a cover window are provided. A cover window includes a folding portion and a non-folding portion, and the folding portion includes an inside surface that is compressed when folded and an outside surface that is stretched when folded, the folding portion includes a first layer adjacent to the outside surface, a second layer adjacent to the inside surface, and a third layer between the first layer and the second layer, the folding portion and the non-folding portion include at least one metal ion, a concentration of the metal ion included in the second layer is higher than a concentration of the metal ion included in the first layer, and the first layer includes a plurality of depletion regions.

Abstract: A cover window, a manufacturing method of a cover window, and a display device including a cover window are provided. A cover window includes a folding portion and a non-folding portion, and the folding portion includes an inside surface that is compressed when folded and an outside surface that is stretched when folded, the folding portion includes a first layer adjacent to the outside surface, a second layer adjacent to the inside surface, and a third layer between the first layer and the second layer, the folding portion and the non-folding portion include at least one metal ion, a concentration of the metal ion included in the second layer is higher than a concentration of the metal ion included in the first layer, and the first layer includes a plurality of depletion regions.

Abstract: An electronic device includes a display module that includes a foldable display portion and a non-foldable display portion, and a window disposed above the display module and that includes a foldable portion that corresponds to the foldable display portion and a non-foldable portion that corresponds to the non-foldable display portion. The window includes a first glass substrate, a second glass substrate that faces the first glass substrate, a protection layer that corresponds to the non-foldable portion and that is disposed between the first glass substrate and the second glass substrate and that includes an inorganic oxide, and a photoresist layer disposed between the protection layer and the first glass substrate. The first glass substrate includes a recessed portion that corresponds to the foldable portion formed on one surface adjacent to the protection layer.

Abstract: An electronic device includes a display module that includes a foldable display portion and a non-foldable display portion, and a window disposed above the display module and that includes a foldable portion that corresponds to the foldable display portion and a non-foldable portion that corresponds to the non-foldable display portion. The window includes a first glass substrate, a second glass substrate that faces the first glass substrate, a protection layer that corresponds to the non-foldable portion and that is disposed between the first glass substrate and the second glass substrate and that includes an inorganic oxide, and a photoresist layer disposed between the protection layer and the first glass substrate. The first glass substrate includes a recessed portion that corresponds to the foldable portion formed on one surface adjacent to the protection layer.

Abstract: A window includes a first glass substrate, a second glass substrate facing the first glass substrate, and a bonding layer disposed between the first glass substrate and the second glass substrate. The window includes a first non-folding portion, a second non-folding portion, and a folding portion, the folding portion is disposed between the first non-folding portion and the second non-folding portion, and at least one of the first glass substrate and the second glass substrate includes a concave portion corresponding to the folding portion and defined on a surface adjacent to the bonding layer.

Abstract: A window drop test apparatus includes a support protruding in a first direction from the prop, and a guide portion that defines a drop space together with the support, where a drop test is performed through the drop space.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing a display device includes providing a first display device assembly comprising a display module, a first window disposed on the display module, a first window adhesive layer disposed between the display module and the first window, and a first protective layer disposed on the first window. The first protective layer is removed. The first window is removed by providing an acid solution on the first display device assembly. A second window is provided that is disposed on the display module after the first window is removed. A second protective layer is provided that is disposed on the second window after the first protective layer is removed.

Abstract: In a method of fabricating a cover window, the method includes: forming, on a glass article having a flat upper surface, a mask layer including water glass and a recess portion having a partially recessed upper surface; and etching the mask layer and the glass article to form a cover window having a partially recessed upper surface.

Abstract: A display device includes a display panel including panel pads adjacent to the side surface of a display panel; connection pads disposed on the side surface of the display panel and connected to the panel pads; and a circuit board disposed on the side surface of the display panel and including lead signal lines directly bonded to the connection pads, wherein the connection pads include a first connection pad, a second connection pad disposed on the first connection pad, and a third connection pad disposed on the second connection pad, and the first connection pad is in contact with corresponding one of the panel pads, and the third connection pad is directly bonded to corresponding one of the lead signal lines.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing a display device includes providing a first display device assembly comprising a display module, a first window disposed on the display module, a first window adhesive layer disposed between the display module and the first window, and a first protective layer disposed on the first window. The first protective layer is removed. The first window is removed by providing an acid solution on the first display device assembly. A second window is provided that is disposed on the display module after the first window is removed. A second protective layer is provided that is disposed on the second window after the first protective layer is removed.

Abstract: A cover window, a manufacturing method of a cover window, and a display device including a cover window are provided. A cover window includes a folding portion and a non-folding portion, and the folding portion includes an inside surface that is compressed when folded and an outside surface that is stretched when folded, the folding portion includes a first layer adjacent to the outside surface, a second layer adjacent to the inside surface, and a third layer between the first layer and the second layer, the folding portion and the non-folding portion include at least one metal ion, a concentration of the metal ion included in the second layer is higher than a concentration of the metal ion included in the first layer, and the first layer includes a plurality of depletion regions.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing a window includes providing a base glass, and strengthening the base glass by exposing the base glass to a strengthening molten salt and an additive. The additive contains at least one of Al2(SO4)3, Al(NO3)3, K2SiO3, Na2SiO3, KCl, Ca(NO3)2, and Mg(NO3)2, and a window having good surface compressive stress and excellent surface chemical resistance may thus Ire provided.

Abstract: A glass article includes a flat portion and a side portion extending from the flat portion and bent in a thickness direction of the glass article, a base disposed on the flat portion and the side portion; and a Beilby layer disposed on the flat portion and not disposed on at least a part of the side portion.

Abstract: In a method of fabricating a cover window, the method includes: forming, on a glass article having a flat upper surface, a mask layer including water glass and a recess portion having a partially recessed upper surface; and etching the mask layer and the glass article to form a cover window having a partially recessed upper surface.

Abstract: A window drop test apparatus includes a support protruding in a first direction from the prop, and a guide portion that defines a drop space together with the support, where a drop test is performed through the drop space.

Abstract: A transistor panel may include a substrate, a transistor, a first inorganic buffer layer, and an inorganic fluorine-containing buffer layer. The transistor may overlap the substrate and may include a semiconductor layer. The first inorganic buffer layer may be disposed between the substrate and the semiconductor layer. The inorganic fluorine-containing buffer layer may be disposed between the first inorganic buffer layer and the semiconductor layer and may contain fluorine in a range of 0.5 at % to 2 at %.

Abstract: A display device includes a display panel including panel pads adjacent to the side surface of a display panel; connection pads disposed on the side surface of the display panel and connected to the panel pads; and a circuit board disposed on the side surface of the display panel and including lead signal lines directly bonded to the connection pads, wherein the connection pads include a first connection pad, a second connection pad disposed on the first connection pad, and a third connection pad disposed on the second connection pad, and the first connection pad is in contact with corresponding one of the panel pads, and the third connection pad is directly bonded to corresponding one of the lead signal lines.

Abstract: A window includes a coating layer including a front surface, a rear surface, a first region having a constant distance between the front surface and the rear surface in a thickness direction, and a second region in which a distance between the front surface and the rear surface reduces in a direction away from the first region; and a bezel layer disposed on the rear surface of the coating layer, where the coating layer includes inorganic particles, an acrylate resin and an epoxy resin.

Abstract: A glass article includes: a glass phase including a first structure in which a silicon atom is covalently bonded to four first oxygen atoms; and a plurality of crystals dispersed in the glass phase. The crystals include beta-quartz crystals, each of the beta-quartz crystals includes the first structure and a second structure in which aluminum is covalently bonded to four second oxygen atoms, and a crystallinity of the beta-quartz crystals is in a range of about 40% to about 50%.