Abstract: A pattern forming method includes providing a resist, irradiating a first electron beam to a first region of the resist, and irradiating a second electron beam to a second region which is defined along a boundary of the first region of the resist, wherein the first electron beam has a first cross section having a polygonal shape, and the second electron beam has a second cross section having a polygonal shape.

Abstract: Provided is a data storage device including: a storage medium that stores a first type of cipher text; and a storage controller that forms the first type of cipher text by scattering a second type of cipher text in a plurality of random numbers and that transfers the first type of cipher text to the storage medium through an internal bus or an external bus.

Abstract: Provided are photomask registration errors of which have been corrected and a method of correcting the registration errors of a photomask. The photomask includes a photomask substrate, an optical pattern formed on one surface of the photomask substrate, and a plurality of stress generation portions formed in the photomask substrate. A method of correcting the registration errors of a photomask includes the steps of forming an optical pattern on a photomask substrate, measuring the registration errors of the optical pattern, and forming a plurality of stress generation portions in the photomask substrate so that the stress generation portions correspond to the measured registration errors.

Abstract: An exposure apparatus includes a light source adapted to emit light, a photomask in a path of the light between the light source and a semiconductor substrate, the photomask being in a mask plane (MP) and having patterns to be transcribed onto the semiconductor substrate, and a spatial light modulator (SLM) in a first image correction region of the photomask between the light source and the photomask, the SLM being adapted to adjust a distribution of intensity of the light.

Abstract: Provided are a portable storage device and a method of managing a resource of the portable storage device. The method includes converting a first DRM application into a ready status from an idle status if task processing of the first DRM application is required, and converting the first DRM application into a pending status and a second DRM application into the ready status from the idle status if task processing of the second DRM application is required.

Abstract: A method for supplying power to a memory card in a memory card system includes detecting a completion time of a write operation of the memory card, generating a power off strobe signal, the power off strobe signal supplied to the memory card after a predetermined delay time passes from the detected complete time of the write operation, and cutting off power supplied to the memory card using the host after a predetermined power off delay time passes from the time when the power off strobe signal is generated.

Abstract: A system for measuring dimension of photomasks comprises a light source emitting measuring light having a wavelength, a transmission detector for receiving the measuring light, a stage on which a photomask having circuit patterns is placed, the stage being disposed between the light source and the transmission detector, and a controller having a dimension-deciding algorithm to determine a dimension of the circuit patterns from a spectroscopic characteristic of the received measuring light, the controller being connected to the transmission detector.

Abstract: Provided are photomask registration errors of which have been corrected and a method of correcting the registration errors of a photomask. The photomask includes a photomask substrate, an optical pattern formed on one surface of the photomask substrate, and a plurality of stress generation portions formed in the photomask substrate. A method of correcting the registration errors of a photomask includes the steps of forming an optical pattern on a photomask substrate, measuring the registration errors of the optical pattern, and forming a plurality of stress generation portions in the photomask substrate so that the stress generation portions correspond to the measured registration errors.

Abstract: A method of fabricating a photomask may include forming a light-shielding layer and a first resist film on a substrate, forming a first resist pattern by exposing first exposed regions of the first resist film to a first exposure source that may have a first energy, forming a first, light shielding pattern by etching the selectively exposed light-shielding layer by using the first resist pattern as an etching mask, removing the first resist pattern, forming a second resist film on the first light-shielding layer, exposing second exposed regions of the second resist film that may have a desired pattern shape to a second exposure source that may have a second energy, forming a second light shielding pattern by etching the selectively exposed first light shielding pattern by using the second resist pattern as an etching mask, and removing the second resist pattern.

Abstract: A system for measuring dimension of photomasks comprises a light source emitting measuring light having a wavelength, a transmission detector for receiving the measuring light, a stage on which a photomask having circuit patterns is placed, the stage being disposed between the light source and the transmission detector, and a controller having a dimension-deciding algorithm to determine a dimension of the circuit patterns from a spectroscopic characteristic of the received measuring light, the controller being connected to the transmission detector.

Abstract: An OCD measurement equipment, including a tunable laser system, and a method of measuring the CD of patterns formed on a substrate. A light source optical system emits light which wavelength changes over time. A projector optical system projects the light emitted from the light source optical system on the substrate. A substrate support unit supports the substrate. An image relay optical system relays light reflected by the substrate. An image detection optical system detects the light relayed by the image relay optical system using a detector which detects the spatial distribution of the light.