Abstract: A light emitting device includes a first electrode, an insulating layer, a second electrode, and a bar-type light emitting diode (LED). The insulating layer includes a plurality of protruding parts protruding from the first electrode and at least one hole between the protruding parts. The second electrode on the insulating layer. The bar-type LED is in the at least one hole. The bar-type LED has a first end and a second end in the length direction. One of the first or second ends is connected to the first electrode and the other of the first or second ends is connected to the second electrode.

Abstract: Provided is a polarization decomposition device. The polarization decomposition device includes a polarization beam splitter configured to split an optical signal into a first polarized light having a first polarization direction and a second polarized light having a second polarization direction different from the first polarized light, a phase shifter configured to delay a phase of the first polarized light, a polarization rotator configured to rotate the second polarized light so that the polarization direction of the second polarized light is changed, and an interference beam splitter configured to allow the first polarized light in which the phase is delayed and the second polarized light in which the polarization direction is rotated to interfere with each other and split them into a third polarized light and a fourth polarized light.

Abstract: A display device includes: a semiconductor layer including source (SR), drain (DR), and channel (CR) regions; a first insulating layer (FIL) on the semiconductor layer; a gate line on the FIL and overlapping the CR; a second insulating layer (SIL) on the gate line; a first contact hole (FCH) in the FIL and the SIL, and exposing the SR; a data line on the SIL and contacting the SR; a third insulating layer (TIL) on the data line; a second contact hole (SCH) in the first to third insulating layers and exposing the DR; a drain electrode on the TIL and contacting the DR; a color filter on the TIL and not overlapping the SCH; a pixel electrode (PE) on the color filter and contacting the drain electrode; and an organic layer on the TIL and the PE. Upper surfaces of the organic layer and the PE are substantially coplanar.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display is provided. A liquid crystal display comprising: an insulating substrate, a plurality of pixels disposed on the insulating substrate, and a display area in which the pixels are arranged in rows and columns, wherein four pixels arranged successively in a row direction form a domain pattern, and the domain pattern is repeated in the row direction and a column direction in the display area, wherein each pixel in first and second rows of the domain pattern has a first domain orientation, and each pixel in third and fourth rows of the domain pattern has a second domain orientation that is different from the first domain orientation.

Abstract: Provided herein are a method and apparatus for controlling the wavelength of an external-cavity wavelength-tunable laser. The reflectivity or transmittance characteristics of a wavelength depend on the phase difference between light reflected by a wavelength-tunable filter and parasitic reflective light. Thus, when the temperature of a module and current applied to a phase control electrode and an external reflector are changed, the characteristics are changed in a periodic manner. The present disclosure relates to a wavelength control algorithm of determining combinations of these parameters to set conditions having optimum chirping characteristics at a desired wavelength.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display is provided. A liquid crystal display comprising: an insulating substrate, a plurality of pixels disposed on the insulating substrate, and a display area in which the pixels are arranged in rows and columns, wherein four pixels arranged successively in a row direction form a domain pattern, and the domain pattern is repeated in the row direction and a column direction in the display area, wherein each pixel in first and second rows of the domain pattern has a first domain orientation, and each pixel in third and fourth rows of the domain pattern has a second domain orientation that is different from the first domain orientation.

Abstract: A light emitting device includes a first electrode, an insulating layer, a second electrode, and a bar-type light emitting diode (LED). The insulating layer includes a plurality of protruding parts protruding from the first electrode and at least one hole between the protruding parts. The second electrode on the insulating layer. The bar-type LED is in the at least one hole. The bar-type LED has a first end and a second end in the length direction. One of the first or second ends is connected to the first electrode and the other of the first or second ends is connected to the second electrode.

Abstract: An optical waveguide structure includes a substrate and a core structure disposed on the substrate. The substrate includes a first waveguide region, a second waveguide region, and a transition region between the first waveguide region and the second waveguide region. The core structure includes first core segments arranged in a first direction and a second direction crossing the first direction on the transition region. The core structure includes second core segments arranged in the first direction and the second direction on the second waveguide region. The first direction and the second direction are parallel to a top surface of the substrate.

Abstract: A transistor display panel includes a substrate, a gate line disposed on the substrate, a data line disposed on the substrate, and a transistor disposed on the substrate. The transistor includes a first electrode, a second electrode overlapping the first electrode, a semiconductor layer disposed between the first electrode and the second electrode, and a gate electrode. The semiconductor layer is disposed in an overlapping region where the gate line and the data line overlap each other.

Abstract: Provided is an apparatus configured to split light into a plurality of polarizations, the apparatus including an input waveguide configured to receive the light, a first interferometer configured to split the light into a first polarization and a second polarization, and a second interferometer configured to split the light into a third polarization and a fourth polarization, wherein the first interferometer and the second interferometer are connected in parallel, the first interferometer comprises a first output waveguide configured to output the first polarization, and a second output waveguide configured to output the second polarization, and the second interferometer comprises a third output waveguide configured to output the third polarization, and a fourth output waveguide configured to output the fourth polarization.

Abstract: A light emitting device includes a first electrode, an insulating layer, a second electrode, and a bar-type light emitting diode (LED). The insulating layer includes a plurality of protruding parts protruding from the first electrode and at least one hole between the protruding parts. The second electrode on the insulating layer. The bar-type LED is in the at least one hole. The bar-type LED has a first end and a second end in the length direction. One of the first or second ends is connected to the first electrode and the other of the first or second ends is connected to the second electrode.

Abstract: Provided is a display device. The display device includes: a substrate; a light blocking pattern disposed on the substrate; a semiconductor pattern disposed on the light blocking pattern; a gate insulating layer disposed on the semiconductor pattern; a gate wiring; an interlayer insulating layer formed on the gate wiring; a first contact hole for exposing the source area; a data wiring disposed to extend in the second direction on the interlayer insulating layer and electrically connected to the source area via the first contact hole; a first passivation layer disposed on the data wiring; a second contact hole, which is disposed between the neighboring protrusion portions of the light blocking pattern so as not to overlap the light blocking pattern, and exposes the drain area; and a pixel electrode disposed on the first passivation layer and electrically connected to the drain area through the second contact hole.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display includes first and second substrates facing each other and including pixels in a first direction and in a second direction that crosses the first direction, and pixel electrodes disposed in the pixels, respectively, over a common electrode, each of the pixel electrodes including branch electrodes, which extend in the second direction, where the pixels include first pixels, which display a white color, and second pixels, which display one of a red color, a green color, and a blue color, the pixel electrodes include first pixel electrodes, which are disposed in the first pixels, respectively, and second pixel electrodes, which are disposed in the second pixels, respectively, and a first average distance between every two adjacent first and second pixel electrodes in the first direction is smaller than a second average distance between every two adjacent second pixel electrodes in the first direction.

Abstract: A transistor display panel includes a substrate, a gate line disposed on the substrate, a data line disposed on the substrate, and a transistor disposed on the substrate. The transistor includes a first electrode, a second electrode overlapping the first electrode, a semiconductor layer disposed between the first electrode and the second electrode, and a gate electrode. The semiconductor layer is disposed in an overlapping region where the gate line and the data line overlap each other.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device is provided. A liquid crystal display device, comprising: a first substrate and a second substrate facing each other; a liquid crystal layer disposed between the first substrate and the second substrate; a semiconductor layer disposed on the first substrate and including a channel area upon which a source electrode and a drain electrode are spaced apart from each other while facing each other; an organic layer disposed on the channel and including an opening that exposes at least a part of the channel area; and a common electrode disposed on the organic layer and including a first opening that extends across the channel area.

Abstract: A light emitting device includes a first electrode, an insulating layer, a second electrode, and a bar-type light emitting diode (LED). The insulating layer includes a plurality of protruding parts protruding from the first electrode and at least one hole between the protruding parts. The second electrode on the insulating layer. The bar-type LED is in the at least one hole. The bar-type LED has a first end and a second end in the length direction. One of the first or second ends is connected to the first electrode and the other of the first or second ends is connected to the second electrode.

Abstract: A transistor structure may include a first electrode, a second electrode, a third electrode, a substrate, and a semiconductor member. The semiconductor member overlaps the third electrode and includes a first semiconductor portion, a second semiconductor portion, and a third semiconductor portion. The first semiconductor portion directly contacts the first electrode, is directly connected to the third semiconductor portion, and is connected through the third semiconductor portion to the second semiconductor portion. The second semiconductor portion directly contacts the second electrode and is directly connected to the third semiconductor portion. A minimum distance between the first semiconductor portion and the substrate is unequal to a minimum distance between the second semiconductor portion and the substrate.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display includes first and second substrates facing each other and including pixels in a first direction and in a second direction that crosses the first direction, and pixel electrodes disposed in the pixels, respectively, over a common electrode, each of the pixel electrodes including branch electrodes, which extend in the second direction, where the pixels include first pixels, which display a white color, and second pixels, which display one of a red color, a green color, and a blue color, the pixel electrodes include first pixel electrodes, which are disposed in the first pixels, respectively, and second pixel electrodes, which are disposed in the second pixels, respectively, and a first average distance between every two adjacent first and second pixel electrodes in the first direction is smaller than a second average distance between every two adjacent second pixel electrodes in the first direction.

Abstract: There is provided a method for manufacturing a Mach-Zehnder electrooptic modulator including forming an intrinsic semiconductor layer including a Group III-V compound semiconductor on a Group III-V compound semiconductor substrate having an active region and a passive region, doping a first impurity in the intrinsic semiconductor layer corresponding to the active region to form a core layer disposed on the substrate and undoped with the first impurity and an upper clad layer disposed on the core layer and including a region doped with the first impurity, and patterning the core layer and the upper clad layer.

Abstract: Provided herein are a method and apparatus for controlling the wavelength of an external-cavity wavelength-tunable laser. The reflectivity or transmittance characteristics of a wavelength depend on the phase difference between light reflected by a wavelength-tunable filter and parasitic reflective light. Thus, when the temperature of a module and current applied to a phase control electrode and an external reflector are changed, the characteristics are changed in a periodic manner. The present disclosure relates to a wavelength control algorithm of determining combinations of these parameters to set conditions having optimum chirping characteristics at a desired wavelength.