Abstract: An apparatus or kit for a respiratory support system for delivering humidified gas to a user or patient. The apparatus comprising a humidifier chamber in pneumatic communication with a gases source, an inspiratory conduit in pneumatic communication with the humidifier chamber downstream of the humidifier chamber, a filter that is in pneumatic communication with the inspiratory conduit downstream of the inspiratory conduit, and a patient interface for delivering humidified gas to a user or patient, wherein the patient interface is in pneumatic communication with the filter downstream of the filter, or is configured to be placed in pneumatic communication with the filter downstream of the filter.

Abstract: In one embodiment, there is provided an inlet for a humidification chamber for use in a medical humidification system, the inlet comprising an inlet end configured to receive gases flow from a gases source, an outlet end configured to introduce the gases flow to the inside of the humidification chamber, and at least one wall defining, at least in part, a passageway between the inlet end and the outlet end for conveying gases therebetween. The outlet end of the inlet is configured to terminate in the humidification chamber or at a wall of the humidification chamber, and the passageway is configured to guide the gases flow such that the center of the gases flow at the inlet end and at the outlet end are substantially aligned along a common axis or the outlet end defines a profile of the passageway thereat that has a width and a height, a ratio of the width to height being between about 1:20 and 1:5.

Abstract: A method of estimating respiratory demand of a patient being administered flow therapy can include: administering a gas flow rate to the patient through both nostrils using a flow therapy apparatus with a patient interface for each nostril, measuring a parameter associated with that nostril, the parameter being one or more of: respiratory demand of that nostril, indicative of respiratory demand of that nostril, or a parameter from which respiratory demand of that nostril can be derived, determining respiratory demand (or parameter indicative of respiratory demand) for the patient from the nostril parameter for each nostril.

Abstract: The disclosure relates to a nasal cannula comprising a port configured for delivery of a medicament into a flow of a fluid being delivered by the nasal cannula to a user and/or configured for interfacing with a medicament delivery device or an instrument. The disclosure also relates to a nasal cannula comprising an asymmetric profile to reduce an amount of occlusion of one nare of a user to provide access for an instrument to the nare with the nasal cannula in use.

Abstract: An apparatus for oxygenation and/or CO2 clearance of a patient. The apparatus comprising: a flow source or a connection for a flow source for providing a gas flow, a gas flow modulator, a controller to control the gas flow. The controller is operable to: receive input relating to heart activity and/or trachea gas flow of the patient, and control the gas flow modulator to provide a varying gas flow with at least two oscillating components. One oscillating component has a frequency based on the heart activity and/or trachea flow of the patient. One oscillating component has a frequency to: promote bulk gas flow movement, or promote mixing.

Abstract: Medical breathing tubes have a tubular body that defines a lumen extending between open terminal ends of the tubular body. An internal form is enclosed within the lumen and supportive of the tubular body. The internal form may be a coated encapsulated internal form where the coating secures the internal form to the tubular body. The internal form may provide for a series of alternative crests and troughs of the tubular body. A patient interface and/or a securement system may be attached to the tubular body.

Abstract: A user interface convertible between a nasal configuration and an oral configuration. The user interface has a nasal cannula and a mouthpiece. The nasal cannula has a body portion and at least one prong extending from the body portion, the prong being adapted to direct a flow of gas into a nare of a user's nose. The mouthpiece is adapted to engage the mouth of the patient and direct a flow of gas into a user's mouth. In the nasal configuration the prong of the nasal cannula is adapted to direct a flow of gases into a nare of the patient. In the oral configuration, the nasal cannula is engaged with the mouthpiece such that a gases flow is provided to at least the mouth of the user.

Abstract: Insufflation systems may provide a continuous flow of insufflation gas to a body cavity. The continuous flow may be directed over the lens of an endoscope received within a cannula to form a protective envelope around the lens and improve visibility. The continuous flow may be supplied by a pressurized gas source. The continuous flow line may be assembled in parallel to an insufflation line running through a standard insufflator configured to provide non-continuous gas flow to the body cavity. The lines may converge upstream of or at the cannula or the insufflation flow may be provided to a separate cannula. Continuous gas flow may be provided by recirculating gas from the body cavity through the cannula Continuous gas flow may be provided by storing gas from the non-continuous insufflation flow in an accumulator and releasing the gas during off phases of the insufflation flow.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a surgical cannula configured as an instrument retaining or centering apparatus, configured for providing insufflation gases to a surgical cavity of a patient (such as the pneumoperitoneum) and allowing insertion of medical instruments into the surgical cavity through the cannula. The cannula can include features to direct gas flow in particular directions to prevent or reduce smoke, fog/condensation, or other unwanted media from contacting a portion of a medical instrument.

Abstract: A method of determining a duration of safe apnoea. Information is obtained relating to a respiratory indicator, and a duration of safe apnoea is determined from the obtained information. A respiratory therapy system has one or more patient interfaces. A processor is configured to determine a duration of safe apnoea based on obtained information relating to a respiratory indicator.

Abstract: An apparatus for oxygenation and/or CO2 clearance of a patient. The apparatus comprising: a flow source or a connection for a flow source for providing a gas flow, a gas flow modulator, a controller to control the gas flow. The controller is operable to: receive input relating to heart activity and/or trachea gas flow of the patient, and control the gas flow modulator to provide a varying gas flow with at least two oscillating components. One oscillating component has a frequency based on the heart activity and/or trachea flow of the patient. One oscillating component has a frequency to: promote bulk gas flow movement, or promote mixing.

Abstract: An infant positive airway pressure (PAP) or continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) device and related patient interface and system, which can provide a flow of breathing gas to the patient interface. The device can be incorporated into the patient interface and includes at least one interior passage in the shape of a nozzle having a throat, a first portion upstream of the throat and a second portion downstream of the throat relative to the flow of breathing gas. The passage has a vent opening within the second portion and the interior passage defines a continuously curved surface extending between the throat and the vent opening. The second portion of the nozzle preferably is divergent and the first portion can be convergent or non-convergent (e.g., constant cross-section).

Abstract: In one embodiment, there is provided a humidification chamber for use in a medical humidification system. The humidification chamber may comprise: a base and a top linked by a side wall to define the chamber, the chamber being configured to contain a volume of water; a gases inlet configured to receive a gases flow from a gases source; and a gases outlet, wherein the gases inlet is orientated relative to the side wall to introduce the gases flow to the humidification chamber at a direction substantially tangential to the side wall of the humidification chamber.

Abstract: A respiratory assistance system can provide high flow therapy to patients. The respiratory assistance system can include a patient interface that can deliver a gas flow to a patient and a gas source that can drive the gas flow towards the patient interface at an operating flow rate. The system can include a controller for controlling the operating flow rate of the gas. The controller can apply multiple test flow rate values in a range as the operating flow rate. For each of the test flow rate values, the controller can measure a patient parameter. The controller can determine a new flow rate value based on the measured patient parameters. Patient parameters can include respiration rate, work of breathing, or any other parameters related to the respiratory circuit.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to determining a corrected exhaled gas measurement during high flow respiratory therapy. Measuring exhaled gas concentration during high flow respiratory therapy is difficult and inaccurate due to a phenomenon known as flushing. The high flows delivered to the patient flush the dead space in the conducting airways, which causes a dilution effect that results in underestimated or overestimated exhaled gas measurement depending on the gas composition delivered by the high flow system. This can lead to incorrect clinical measurements and diagnoses. Various algorithms are disclosed herein to account for the dilution effect caused by flushing, allowing for the method of measuring gas concentrations to still be used accurately for clinical measurements.

Abstract: A respiratory therapy system configured to deliver gases to a patient can have a non-sealed gas flow generating arrangement configured to deliver a high flow of positive gas to an airway of a patient and a negative flow of gas away from an airway of the patient. The positive and negative flows of gas can be generated simultaneously. The flow of positive and negative gases reduces exhaled gases in anatomical dead spaces of the patient.

Abstract: A respiratory assistance system can provide high flow therapy to patients. The respiratory assistance system can include a patient interface that can deliver a gas flow to a patient and a gas source that can drive the gas flow towards the patient interface at an operating flow rate. The system can include a controller for controlling the operating flow rate of the gas. The controller can apply multiple test flow rate values in a range as the operating flow rate. For each of the test flow rate values, the controller can measure a patient parameter. The controller can determine a new flow rate value based on the measured patient parameters. Patient parameters can include respiration rate, work of breathing, or any other parameters related to the respiratory circuit.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to determining a corrected exhaled gas measurement during high flow respiratory therapy. Measuring exhaled gas concentration during high flow respiratory therapy is difficult and inaccurate due to a phenomenon known as flushing. The high flows delivered to the patient flush the dead space in the conducting airways, which causes a dilution effect that results in underestimated or overestimated exhaled gas measurement depending on the gas composition delivered by the high flow system. This can lead to incorrect clinical measurements and diagnoses. Various algorithms are disclosed herein to account for the dilution effect caused by flushing, allowing for the method of measuring gas concentrations to still be used accurately for clinical measurements.

Abstract: An infant positive airway pressure (PAP) or continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) device and related patient interface and system, which can provide a flow of breathing gas to the patient interface. The device can be incorporated into the patient interface and includes at least one interior passage in the shape of a nozzle having a throat, a first portion upstream of the throat and a second portion downstream of the throat relative to the flow of breathing gas. The passage has a vent opening within the second portion and the interior passage defines a continuously curved surface extending between the throat and the vent opening. The second portion of the nozzle preferably is divergent and the first portion can be convergent or non-convergent (e.g., constant cross-section).

Abstract: Nasal cannula assemblies for providing respiratory therapy to patients are provided. A nasal cannula assembly can include a cannula, an optional manifold which may be removable, a gas supply tube, and a securement mechanism. Securement mechanisms can include headgear straps, cheek pads, or an adhesive nose strip. A nasal cannula assembly can also include a lanyard, lanyard clip, and/or lanyard connector to help support the weight of a main gas delivery conduit.