Abstract: A modulation strategy for maximization of battery heating efficiency is provided. A system includes an inverter coupled to a high voltage battery and a motor. A control system is coupled to the inverter. The control system is configured to control the inverter to output a first electrical current having a first triangular waveform to the motor, a second electrical current having a second triangular waveform to the motor, and a third electrical current to the motor. The first and second triangular waveforms are out of phase.

Abstract: A system for detecting bulging or rupturing of a vent cap includes a battery cell including a rigid enclosure, first and second terminals, and a vent cap. A first sensor is arranged adjacent to the vent cap and configured to sense a parameter affected by rupturing of the vent cap. A controller is configured to compare the parameter to a predetermined parameter and to detect rupturing of the vent cap in response to the comparison.

Abstract: Embodiments include balancing modules during charging of a mixed chemistry battery pack having a first battery module connected in series to a second battery module. Aspects include monitoring a first state-of-charge (SOC) of the first battery module having a first battery chemistry and monitoring a second SOC of the second battery module having a second battery chemistry. Aspects also include selectively activating one of a first bypass switch and a first activation switch of the first battery module based on the first SOC and the second SOC and selectively activating one of a second bypass switch and a second activation switch of the second battery module based on the first SOC and the second SOC. The activation of the first bypass switch prevents the first battery module from charging and activation of the second bypass switch prevents the second battery module from charging.

Abstract: A charging system of a vehicle includes a first conversion device of a first drive system of the vehicle, the first conversion device connected to a first electric motor. The system also includes a second conversion device of a second drive system of the vehicle, the second conversion device connected to a second electric motor. The first drive system and the second drive system are connected to a battery system of the vehicle. The system also includes a switching assembly including a plurality of switches configured to selectively connect the first electric motor and/or the second electric motor to a charge port of the vehicle, and a controller configured to control the switching assembly to define a conversion circuit that includes components of the first drive system and/or the second drive system, and control the conversion circuit to regulate an output voltage and supply power to an energy storage system.

Abstract: An electric vehicle includes an electrical system and performs a method of charging the electric vehicle. The electrical system includes a first battery subpack, a second battery subpack, wherein the first battery subpack, the second battery subpack, and an electrical load of the electric vehicle are connected in parallel, and a processor. The processor is configured to control a first connection between the first battery subpack and a first charge port and a second connection between the second battery subpack and a second charge port to charge each of the first battery subpack and the second battery subpack while providing power to the electrical load.

Abstract: A power control system for a battery system of a vehicle includes one or more supplemental protection devices that are connected to at least one of a first contactor, a second contactor, one of N fuses, and one of N vehicle loads. A battery management module is configured to measure and store a plurality of state of health parameters for the battery system and to selectively operate the one or more supplemental protection devices in a coverage gap between first and second coverage areas handled by the first contactor and the second contactor and the N fuses based on a calibration function and/or calibration parameters. A telematics system selectively sends the plurality of state of health parameters for the battery system to a remote server and to receive at least one of a new calibration function and new calibration parameters for the vehicle from the remote server.

Abstract: A power conversion device includes an inverter configured to receive direct current (DC) power and convert the DC power to alternating current (AC) power, at least one capacitor having a first capacitance, and a busbar assembly electrically connected to the inverter and configured to electrically connect the inverter to a power source. The busbar assembly includes a positive busbar and a negative busbar, and a first capacitor layer disposed between the positive busbar and the negative busbar. The first capacitor layer is configured provide an amount of capacitance in addition to the first capacitance.

Abstract: A multilevel inverter includes a set of inverter switches arranged in a multilevel inverter topology. The multilevel inverter topology has a high voltage (V) input, a low voltage input and an intermediate voltage input. A first voltage source connects the high voltage input to the intermediate voltage input and a second voltage source connects the intermediate voltage input to the low voltage source.

Abstract: An electric drive system for an electric vehicle is provided. The electric drive system includes a first electric drive, a second electric drive, and a switchable battery including at least two battery packs that are selectively arranged in one of a series configuration and a parallel configuration. The electric drive system also includes a first half-bridge buck converter connecting the first electric drive to a first battery back of the at least two battery packs of the switchable battery and a second half-bridge buck converter connecting the second electric drive to a second battery back of the at least two battery packs of the switchable battery. The electric drive system further includes a controller configured to control the configuration of the switchable battery, an operation of the first half-bridge buck converter, and the second half-bridge buck converter.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for electrical energy transfer between a pair of series connected batteries coupled between positive and negative DC rails of a power inverter operatively connected to a plurality of stator phase windings of a stator winding of a motor may include coupling a midpoint of the pair of series connected batteries to the stator winding of the motor, and controlling the power inverter to operate the power inverter and the stator winding as a switched-mode power converter to charge at least one of the stator phase windings from one of the pair of series connected batteries and to discharge the at least one of the stator phase windings to the other of the pair of series connected batteries.

Abstract: An energy transfer system includes a conversion device configured for partial power processing and configured to regulate current from a first battery system, and a controller configured to control the conversion device to adjust a first voltage of the first battery system to conform the first voltage to a second voltage of a second battery system, the second battery system connected in parallel with the first battery system by a bus. The conversion device is configured to receive power from the first battery system, cause a selected portion of the power to flow through a conversion stage to adjust the first voltage, the selected portion corresponding to a difference between the first voltage and the second voltage, cause a remaining portion of the power to flow directly to the bus and bypass the conversion stage, and output a current from the conversion device at the second voltage.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for heating a battery pack in an electrified vehicle provides a zero d-axis current command and a zero q-axis current command to a field-oriented controller for an alternating current (AC) motor coupled to the battery pack through a power inverter module controlled by the field-oriented controller. An AC signal is injected onto the d-axis of the field-oriented controller resulting in an AC current through the battery pack effecting AC resistance heating.

Abstract: Electrical energy is transferred between an on-vehicle DC power source and an off-vehicle DC power source by controlling conduction of the phase legs of a power inverter to operatively configure the power inverter and the stator phase windings of a traction motor as a switched-mode power converter including the at least one phase winding and at least one switch of one of the phase legs.

Abstract: A vehicle, arc fault protection device of the vehicle and a method for mitigating an arc fault in an electrical system of the vehicle. The arc fault protection device includes a sensor, a switch, and a processor. The sensor is used for measuring a current in an electrical system. The processor is configured to determine a precursor phase of an arc fault from the current, wherein the precursor phase indicates an onset of an arc flash phase of the arc fault. The processor opens the switch to mitigate the arc fault during the arc flash phase.

Abstract: Aspects of the disclosure include a symmetric direct current (DC) link capacitor having a low parasitic equivalent series L-inductance (ESL). An exemplary capacitor can include one or more positive-dielectric-negative (PDN) stacks having a positive layer, a negative layer, and a dielectric layer between the positive layer and the negative layer. A first contact layer is electrically coupled to the positive layer on a sidewall of the one or more PDN stacks and a second contact layer is electrically coupled to the negative layer on the sidewall of the one or more PDN stacks. A positive terminal is electrically coupled to the first contact layer and a negative terminal is electrically coupled to the second contact layer.

Abstract: A vehicle having an ambient temperature sensor, a low voltage lithium-ion battery and a controller is provided. The controller is configured to monitor the ambient temperature sensor and based on a determination that an ambient temperature is below a threshold value, provide an alternating current power to the low voltage lithium-ion battery. The alternating current power causes the low voltage lithium-ion battery to heat.

Abstract: An electric vehicle includes a system performing a method of charging a battery of the electric vehicle. The system includes an electrical motor having a rotor and a plurality of windings. The vehicle is turned off to allow the rotor to come to rest at an initial rotor position. The processor controls a current through the motor to rotate the rotor to locate a boundary of an electrical lash region associated with the rotor, determines a selected winding of the plurality of windings having a phase vector located close to the electrical lash region, deactivates the selected winding, controls flow of a first current through the motor with the selected winding deactivated to rotate the rotor towards a direction of the selected winding, and controls flow of a second current from a charging station to the battery through the electric motor with the rotor rotated towards the selected winding.

Abstract: An electric vehicle, system and method of charge transfer at the electric vehicle. The vehicle includes a charging circuit and a processor. The charging circuit includes a first battery, a second battery and a motor winding. The processor determines a desired reference current of the motor winding, a first voltage of the first battery and a second voltage of the second battery, calculates a power loss for each of a plurality of conduction modes based on the desired reference current, the first voltage and the second voltage, wherein each of the plurality of conduction modes transfers charge between the first battery and the second battery, selects a conduction mode from the plurality of conduction modes that has a least power loss, establishes a duty cycle parameter for the selected mode, and applies the conduction mode and the duty cycle parameter to the charging circuit to transfer the charge.

Abstract: A charging system of a vehicle includes a charging device configured to transfer an electric charge between a battery system of the vehicle and a recipient energy storage system, the charging device including a plurality of conversion stages. The charging system also includes a switching system configured to selectively bypass one or more conversion stages during a charging process, the charging process including transferring electric charge from the battery system to the recipient energy storage system, and a first controller configured to operate the switching system based on a voltage range of a recipient charge port of the recipient energy storage system.

Abstract: An electric propulsion motor system includes a cylindrical stator and rotor, a fluid circulation system providing pressurized fluid, and conductors within winding slots. The stator has a yoke and a plurality of teeth extending radially inward from the yoke, with winding slots defined between adjacent teeth. Respective tooth tips extend circumferentially into adjacent winding slots and are radially adjacent to a first conductor within the winding slot, with a first channel through which pressurized fluid flows.