Abstract: Provided is a semiconductor device. The semiconductor device includes a first insulation layer on a semiconductor substrate, the first insulation layer including a lower metal line, a metal head pattern on the first insulation layer, the metal head pattern including an inclined side surface, a thin film resistor pattern on the metal head pattern, a second insulation layer on the metal head pattern and the thin film resistor pattern, an upper metal line on the second insulation layer, a first via connecting the lower metal line to the upper metal line, and a second via connecting the metal head pattern to the upper metal line.

Abstract: Provided is a semiconductor device including a metal dummy pattern and a thin film resistor. In detail, a semiconductor device includes a semiconductor substrate, a thin film resistor, and a metal dummy pattern. The thin film resistor disposed over the semiconductor substrate and extending in a first direction relative to the semiconductor substrate. The metal dummy pattern disposed between the semiconductor substrate and the thin film resistor, the metal dummy pattern including a reflective pattern extending in the first direction semiconductor substrate and spatially corresponding to a periphery of the thin film resistor.

Abstract: An apparatus for performing fault tolerance against a failure occurring during driving robot software components includes: a component executor for executing the robot software components, which are assigned with one thread from an operating system and have a same priority and cycle, by using the assigned thread; and an executor monitor for periodically monitoring the operation of the component executor and determining whether or not there is a failure in the robot software components executed by the component executor. The apparatus further includes: an executor manager for generating the component executor which is assigned with the robot software components having the same priority and cycle and, when the executor monitor determines that there is a failure in the execution of the robot software components, generating a new component executor.

Abstract: An apparatus for integrally managing a ship includes a device manager for integrally managing different types of local ship devices in the ship by using a standardized protocol message; a local device manager for managing local ship devices in a legacy environment on the basis of an independent local protocol; and an inter-working framework (IWF) for performing translation of a protocol for compatibility between the standardized protocol and the independent local protocol to manage the different types of local ship devices between the device manager and the local device manager. The device manager receives a remote control instruction for remotely maintaining and repairing the local ship device from a remote server connected through a wired/wireless communication network.

Abstract: A system for fault prediction in a home network includes: a context generator for generating context information based on status data collected in real time about components of the home network; a specification interpreter for generating knowledge rules for fault detection by using specifications of the components of the home network; a context analyzer for analyzing if the context information meet the knowledge rules to classify the context information into normal situation contexts and abnormal situation contexts; a context pattern learner for generating new knowledge rules based on the abnormal situation contexts and fault rules corresponding to the abnormal situation contexts; a knowledge rule database for storing and managing the knowledge rules and the new knowledge rules; and a fault predictor for analyzing a correlation between the knowledge rules or the new knowledge rules and the generated context information, thereby predicting faults to be generated.

Abstract: A system achieves seamless localization for a plurality of robots when first some robots moves to a shadow area where GPS signals are not received while remaining second robots receives the GPS signals, by performing an absolute localization for the second robots using the GPS signals; and performing an absolute localization for the second robots using the GPS signals; performing a relative localization for the first robots based on the second robots, thereby determining an absolute location of the first robots. Further, when the second robots move to the shadow area where the first robots have been moved, the system performs the seamless localization by determining a relative location of the second robots based on the first robots on which the relative localization has been performed, thereby determining an absolute location of the second robots based on the relative location of the second robots.

Abstract: An integrated gateway apparatus includes a policy storage for storing therein a first information on message filtering and switching policies for messages received from heterogeneous devices in lower networks via network interfaces; a device management unit for extracting a second information on the messages, the devices and the network interfaces; a layer-basis filter unit for performing, based on the first and the second information, the message filtering and switching on the messages on a layer basis; and an integrated switch management unit for providing the first information to the layer-basis filter unit and controlling the layer-basis filtering unit. The layer-basis filter unit includes a switch filter unit, a route filter unit and a gateway filter unit for performing the message filtering and switching in a MAC layer, in a network layer and a transport layer and in an application layer, respectively.

Abstract: Provided is a home-network UMB system and a method thereof for providing interoperability between devices connected one another through different types of middlewares in a home network. The home-network UMB system includes: a bridge core for establishing/releasing a connection between bridge adaptors of different types of middlewares and analyzing/transferring a universal middleware message in order to interoperate devices connected through different types of middlewares existed on a home network; and a plurality of bridge adaptor for connecting the bridge core to a corresponding middleware, and finding/releasing different types of devices, controlling/monitoring different types of devices and registering/creating an event for different types of devices through transforming a universal middleware bridge message to a local message of each middleware and vice versa.

Abstract: Provided are a fault model and rule based fault management apparatus and method for a home network. The fault management apparatus includes: a plurality of fault generation unit formed in a multilevel structure and generating fault notification when a fault is generated; a plurality of fault communication unit for transferring fault notification from one of the fault generation unit; a fault agent unit for transferring each fault notification from a plurality of the fault communication unit; and a fault diagnosis and process unit for receiving the fault notification from the fault agent unit, diagnosing a corresponding fault, and processing the corresponding fault using a fault model, a fault decision rule, and a fault process rule.

Abstract: An apparatus for performing fault tolerance against a failure occurring during driving robot software components includes: a component executor for executing the robot software components, which are assigned with one thread from an operating system and have a same priority and cycle, by using the assigned thread; and an executor monitor for periodically monitoring the operation of the component executor and determining whether or not there is a failure in the robot software components executed by the component executor. The apparatus further includes: an executor manager for generating the component executor which is assigned with the robot software components having the same priority and cycle and, when the executor monitor determines that there is a failure in the execution of the robot software components, generating a new component executor.

Abstract: A plurality of swarm intelligence-based mobile robots, each having multiple legs and multiple joints, the mobile robot includes: an environment recognition sensor for collecting sensed data about the surrounding environment of the mobile robot; a communication unit for performing communication with a remote controller, a parent robot managing at least one mobile robot, or the other mobile robots located within a predefined area; and a control unit for controlling the motions of the multiple legs and multiple joints to control movement of the mobile robot to a given destination based on control data transmitted from the remote controller through the communication unit or based on communication with the other mobile robots within the predefined area or based on the sensed data collected by the environment recognition sensor.

Abstract: Provides is a method including receiving information on a surrounding situation detected by the mobile robot; detecting birds from the received surrounding situation information; allocating a birds control mission to the mobile robot by extracting a birds control pattern corresponding to the surrounding situation; and verifying a result in accordance with performing the allocated birds control mission from the mobile robot. By controlling the birds so as to, in advance, prevent a loss of lives and economical loss which may be caused when the birds collide with airplanes at the airport, it is possible to improve productivity and efficiency of a birds repelling job in an airport and provide construction of a new type of aviation maintenance business model by activating an air traffic control industry through providing a safer airplane operating model while saving operating personnel costs for preventing collision of birds.

Abstract: An image sensor includes first to fourth image sensing sections symmetrically aligned in a form of a 2×2 matrix, first to fourth pixel arrays aligned in the first to fourth image sensing sections, respectively, in adjacent to each other, and first to fourth peripheral circuit parts aligned at peripheral portions of the first to fourth image sensing sections. A middle-size CMOS image sensor is provided that is suitable for the available field size of conventional photo equipment, so the manufacturing cost may be minimized and price competitiveness may be maximized while providing high-quality images with high pixel resolution.

Abstract: An apparatus for integrally managing a ship includes a device manager for integrally managing different types of local ship devices in the ship by using a standardized protocol message; a local device manager for managing local ship devices in a legacy environment on the basis of an independent local protocol; and an inter-working framework (IWF) for performing translation of a protocol for compatibility between the standardized protocol and the independent local protocol to manage the different types of local ship devices between the device manager and the local device manager. The device manager receives a remote control instruction for remotely maintaining and repairing the local ship device from a remote server connected through a wired/wireless communication network.

Abstract: An integrated gateway apparatus includes a policy storage for storing therein a first information on message filtering and switching policies for messages received from heterogeneous devices in lower networks via network interfaces; a device management unit for extracting a second information on the messages, the devices and the network interfaces; a layer-basis filter unit for performing, based on the first and the second information, the message filtering and switching on the messages on a layer basis; and an integrated switch management unit for providing the first information to the layer-basis filter unit and controlling the layer-basis filtering unit. The layer-basis filter unit includes a switch filter unit, a route filter unit and a gateway filter unit for performing the message filtering and switching in a MAC layer, in a network layer and a transport layer and in an application layer, respectively.

Abstract: A ship-borne device managing method includes allocating IP address information to a device when a device configuration information request message is received from the device through a network in a ship system; performing an overlapping test of checking whether the allocated IP address information is currently used in the device; allocating service session information necessary for provision of an application service regarding the device in case where the overlapping test determines that the allocated IP address information is not currently used by the device; and generating a device configuration information response message based on the allocated IP address information and service session information and transmitting the device configuration information response message to the device. The device configuration information request message may include information regarding the device in the form of text or binary.

Abstract: A CMOS image sensor and fabricating method thereof can enhance the quality of the image sensor by preventing unnecessary diffused reflection of light by providing an opaque filter layer next to a microlens. The CMOS image sensor includes a photodiode, an insulating interlayer, a metal line, a device protecting layer, a microlens on the device protecting layer and overlapped with the photodiode, and an opaque layer pattern on the device protecting layer next to the microlens.

Abstract: A CMOS image sensor and a method for manufacturing the same are provided. The method includes: preparing a semiconductor substrate in which a device isolation region and an active region are defined; forming a gate pattern including a gate oxide layer and a gate electrode on the semiconductor substrate; implanting n-type impurity ions in a predetermined part of the active region of the semiconductor substrate to form a photodiode region; forming a spacer at a sidewall of the gate pattern; forming a p-type impurity region at a surface of the photodiode region; forming an epitaxial layer on the semiconductor substrate and the gate pattern except for on the device isolation region and the spacers by performing a selective epitaxial growth; and implanting n+ type ions in a transistor region of the semiconductor substrate below the epitaxial layer to form a source/drain region.

Abstract: A system for fault prediction in a home network includes: a context generator for generating context information based on status data collected in real time about components of the home network; a specification interpreter for generating knowledge rules for fault detection by using specifications of the components of the home network; a context analyzer for analyzing if the context information meet the knowledge rules to classify the context information into normal situation contexts and abnormal situation contexts; a context pattern learner for generating new knowledge rules based on the abnormal situation contexts and fault rules corresponding to the abnormal situation contexts; a knowledge rule database for storing and managing the knowledge rules and the new knowledge rules; and a fault predictor for analyzing a correlation between the knowledge rules or the new knowledge rules and the generated context information, thereby predicting faults to be generated.

Abstract: An image sensor and method of manufacturing the same are provided. The image sensor can comprise a photodiode region an interlayer dielectric, and a microlens. The interlayer dielectric can have a trench over the photodiode region, and the microlens can be disposed in the trench such that the microlens fills the trench.