Abstract: A method for controlling starting of a vehicle upon a failure of a camshaft position sensor includes performing a fuel injection and ignition at a particular timing for starting an engine of the vehicle; measuring a battery voltage of the vehicle after the performing of the fuel injection and ignition for starting the engine; and when the battery voltage rises over a predetermined value, determining that the fuel injection and the ignition are performed at a normal timing.

Abstract: A bulk-acoustic wave resonator includes a substrate; a lower electrode formed on the substrate, and at least a portion of the lower electrode is formed on a cavity; a piezoelectric layer formed on the lower electrode; an upper electrode formed on the piezoelectric layer; a membrane layer formed below the lower electrode and forming the cavity together with the substrate; and a protruding portion formed on the membrane layer and further formed in the cavity in a direction that extends away from the membrane layer.

Abstract: A starting control method for a vehicle having an engine may include determining, by an ECU, whether engine RPM rises when the engine is started, determining whether combustion-related parts are normal, when the engine RPM does not rise over a starter RPM, determining whether a cam position sensor and a crank position sensor are normal, when it is determined that the combustion-related parts are normal, performing control to offset a recognized crank angle by 360 degrees, when it is determined that the cam position sensor and the crank position sensor are normal, and restarting the engine based on the offset crank angle.

Abstract: An acoustic resonator includes a substrate, a center portion, an extending portion, and a barrier layer. A first electrode, a piezoelectric layer, and a second electrode are sequentially stacked on the substrate in the central portion. The extending portion is configured to extend from the center portion, and includes an insertion layer disposed below the piezoelectric layer. The barrier layer is disposed between the first electrode and the piezoelectric layer.

Abstract: A method for sensing reverse rotation of an engine in vehicle includes: detecting tooth period ratios using a crankshaft angle detection sensor and storing the detected tooth period ratios in a buffer of an electronic control unit (ECU); calculating a tooth period ratio between a measured tooth period and a tooth period measured just before thereof; determining whether the tooth period ratio is greater than a first reference value; updating the tooth period value stored in the buffer by measuring the recent tooth period if the tooth period ratio is greater than the first reference value; calculating the tooth period ratio using the updated tooth period value; and determining a reverse rotation state of the engine by checking whether the change shows a predetermined pattern after a change in the value of the tooth period ratio is observed.

Abstract: A bulk acoustic wave resonator includes a substrate including a first via and a second via, a lower electrode connection member, a lower electrode, a piezoelectric layer, an upper electrode, and an upper electrode connection member spaced apart from the lower electrode connection member. The lower electrode, the piezoelectric layer, and the upper electrode constitute a resonant portion. The lower electrode connection member electrically connects the lower electrode to the first via and supports a first edge portion of the resonant portion. The upper electrode connection member electrically connects the upper electrode to the second via and supports a second edge portion of the resonant portion. Either one or both of the upper electrode connection member and the lower electrode connection member includes a respective extension portion connected to a respective one of the first via and the second via that is disposed below the resonant portion.

Abstract: A bulk acoustic wave resonator includes a substrate, a lower electrode connection member, a lower electrode, a piezoelectric layer, an upper electrode, an upper electrode connection member, and a dielectric layer in which the lower electrode, the piezoelectric layer, and the upper electrode are embedded. The lower electrode, the piezoelectric layer, and the upper electrode constitute a resonant portion. An extension portion extends away from either the lower electrode or the upper electrode to protrude outwardly from the resonant portion. A capacitor portion is constituted by the extension portion, a portion of the upper electrode connection member disposed above the extension portion, and a portion of the dielectric layer disposed between the extension portion and the portion of the upper electrode connection member disposed above the extension portion.

Abstract: A bulk acoustic wave resonator includes a substrate including a cavity groove, a membrane layer disposed above the substrate and including a convex portion. And a lower electrode including a portion thereof disposed on the convex portion. The bulk acoustic wave resonator also includes a piezoelectric layer configured so that a portion of the piezoelectric layer is disposed above the convex portion, and an upper electrode disposed on the piezoelectric layer. A first space formed by the cavity groove and a second space formed by the convex portion form a cavity, the cavity groove is disposed below an active region, and the convex portion comprises an inclined surface disposed outside of the cavity groove.

Abstract: A bulk acoustic wave (BAW) resonator includes: a substrate; a first BAW resonator including a first air cavity disposed in the substrate, and further including a first electrode, a first piezoelectric layer, and a second electrode stacked on the first air cavity; a second BAW resonator including a second air cavity disposed in the substrate, and further including a first electrode, a second piezoelectric layer, and a second electrode stacked on the second air cavity, wherein the second BAW resonator is connected in parallel to the first BAW resonator and has polarities that are opposite of polarities of the first BAW resonator; and a compensation capacitor circuit connected between the first BAW resonator and the second BAW resonator.

Abstract: An acoustic wave resonator includes a resonating part disposed on and spaced apart from a substrate by a cavity, the resonating part including a membrane layer, a first electrode, a piezoelectric layer, and a second electrode that are sequentially stacked. 0 ???Mg?170 ? may be satisfied, ?Mg being a difference between a maximum thickness and a minimum thickness of the membrane layer disposed in the cavity.

Abstract: An acoustic resonator includes: a central portion; an extension portion extended outwardly of the central portion; a first electrode, a piezoelectric layer, and a second electrode sequentially stacked on a substrate, in the central portion; and an insertion layer disposed below the piezoelectric layer in the extension portion, wherein the piezoelectric layer includes a piezoelectric portion disposed in the central portion, and a bent portion disposed in the extension portion and extended from the piezoelectric portion at an incline depending on a shape of the insertion layer.

Abstract: A bulk-acoustic wave filter device includes: a lower electrode layer disposed on the substrate; a bonding part disposed on the lower electrode layer, at an edge of the substrate; a ground part spaced apart from the bonding part; and a flow suppressing part disposed between the bonding part and the ground part, and offset with respect to the bonding part and the ground part.

Abstract: A bulk acoustic wave resonator includes: a substrate; a lower electrode connecting member disposed on the substrate; a resonating member including a lower electrode disposed on the lower electrode connecting member, a piezoelectric layer disposed on the lower electrode, and an upper electrode disposed on the piezoelectric layer; and an upper electrode connecting member electrically connecting the upper electrode and the substrate to each other. The upper electrode connecting member is extended from the substrate outside of the resonating member and is connected to a top surface of the upper electrode. The lower electrode connecting member electrically connects the lower electrode and the substrate to each other and includes a ring shape corresponding to a shape of the resonating member so as to support an edge of the resonating member.

Abstract: A bulk acoustic wave resonator includes: a substrate; a membrane layer forming a cavity together with the substrate; a lower electrode disposed on the membrane layer; a piezoelectric layer disposed on a flat surface of the lower electrode; and an upper electrode covering a portion of the piezoelectric layer and exposing a side of the piezoelectric layer to air, wherein the piezoelectric layer includes a step portion extended from the side of the piezoelectric layer and disposed on the flat surface of the lower electrode.

Abstract: An engine synchronization apparatus includes: a crank shaft position sensor detecting a position of a crank shaft to detect a tooth and a missing tooth; a cam sensor detecting a position of a cam corresponding to an angle of rotation of each of an intake cam and an exhaust cam; and a controller synchronizing the engine to use a tooth detection signal from the crank shaft position sensor and a cam signal from the cam sensor. The controller carries out an engine synchronization by determining the position of the crank shaft and the position of the cam to select one cam between the intake cam and the exhaust cam and to detect the position of a unique part of the cam signal from a voltage level and a level length of the cam signal of the selected cam.

Abstract: A bulk acoustic wave resonator includes a membrane layer, together with a substrate, forming a cavity, a lower electrode disposed on the membrane layer, a piezoelectric layer disposed on a flat surface of the lower electrode and an upper electrode covering a portion of the piezoelectric layer. An overall region at a side of the piezoelectric layer is exposed to the air. The side of the piezoelectric layer has a gradient of 65° to 90° with respect to a top surface of the lower electrode.

Abstract: A starting control method for a vehicle having an engine may include determining, by an ECU, whether engine RPM rises when the engine is started, determining whether combustion-related parts are normal, when the engine RPM does not rise over a starter RPM, determining whether a cam position sensor and a crank position sensor are normal, when it is determined that the combustion-related parts are normal, performing control to offset a recognized crank angle by 360 degrees, when it is determined that the cam position sensor and the crank position sensor are normal, and restarting the engine based on the offset crank angle.

Abstract: A bulk-acoustic wave resonator includes: a membrane layer disposed on a substrate and forming a cavity; a lower electrode disposed on the membrane layer; a piezoelectric layer disposed on the lower electrode; an upper electrode disposed on the piezoelectric layer, and including a frame part disposed at an edge of an active area and having a thickness greater than that of a portion of the upper electrode disposed in a central portion of the active area; and a frequency adjusting layer disposed on the piezoelectric layer and the upper electrode. The frequency adjusting layer is excluded from an inclined surface of the frame part, or a thickness of a portion of the frequency adjusting layer on the inclined surface is less than that of other portions of the frequency adjusting layer. The frequency adjusting layer is disposed on a portion of the piezoelectric layer protruding from the upper electrode.

Abstract: A bulk-acoustic wave filter device includes: a lower electrode layer disposed on the substrate; a bonding part disposed on the lower electrode layer, at an edge of the substrate; a ground part spaced apart from the bonding part; and a flow suppressing part disposed between the bonding part and the ground part, and offset with respect to the bonding part and the ground part.

Abstract: A bulk acoustic resonator includes: a substrate including an upper surface on which a substrate protection layer is disposed; and a membrane layer forming a cavity together with the substrate, wherein a thickness deviation of either one or both of the substrate protection layer and the membrane layer is 170 ? or less.