Abstract: Provided herein may be a memory controller and a memory system including the same. The memory controller includes a scanning period controller configured to reset, whenever scanning points sequentially arrive, access information indicating whether each of a plurality of pages is accessed, and set a scanning interval for each of the pages between the scanning points for the page based on an attribute of the page, an attribute determiner configured to determine, as a hot page or a cold page, the attribute of each of the pages based on an access interval for the page from the first scanning point among the scanning points for the page to time at which access to data stored in the page is requested, and a memory allocator configured to control first and second memory devices based on the attributes of the pages.

Abstract: Proposed is a detachable mooring system for an offshore structure, including a first tension adjuster connected to an offshore structure, and blocking a pulling chain from proceeding from an outlet of a body toward an inlet, a second tension adjuster connected to one end of the pulling chain and blocking the pulling chain from proceeding from an outlet of a body toward an inlet, a mooring chain having a first longitudinal end connected to one surface of the second tension adjuster body and having a second longitudinal end connected to an anchor on the seabed, a first lead rope having one longitudinal end connected to one end of the pulling chain discharged out through the first tension adjuster outlet, and a second lead rope having one longitudinal end connected to the second tension adjuster body.

Abstract: An event processing method performed by at least one computing device is provided. The method may include collecting a plurality of events; grouping at least some of the collected plurality of events based on code values respectively associated with the collected plurality of events, wherein the code values indicate at least one of originating service devices in which the plurality of events have occurred or services provided by the originating service devices; and regenerating the grouped events into a single event.

Abstract: A memory system includes a memory device including an interface circuit and a semiconductor memory, and a controller to generate a command for controlling the memory device. The interface circuit receives the command from the controller; determines whether the command is for the semiconductor memory or the interface circuit; and when it is determined that the command is for the interface circuit, performs a blocking operation to block transfer of the command between the interface circuit and the semiconductor memory and performs an internal operation of the interface circuit. The internal operation includes a signal controlling operation, a training operation, a read operation, an on-die termination operation, a ZQ calibration operation, or a driving force control operation.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a novel antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) targeting claudin 18 isoform 2 (CLDN18.2), an active metabolite of the ADC, a method of producing the ADC, use of the ADC for the treatment and/or prevention of diseases, and use of the ADC for producing a drug for the treatment and/or prevention of diseases, more specifically hyperproliferative and/or angiogenic diseases, for example, cancer, and more particularly, to an antibody-drug conjugate including a novel antibody or antigen-binding fragment thereof that binds to CLDN18.2, and a pharmaceutical composition including the same.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to an apparatus for obtaining a raw material which extracts a color raw material for cosmetics having a target color, wherein when a target color development value is input, raw material information is extracted using a genetic algorithm.

Abstract: A radio frequency (RF) test device such as a spectrum analyzer may include an RF attenuator to attenuate a received RF signal; a mixer to down-convert the attenuated RF signal; an IF attenuator to attenuate the down-converted signal; an analog-to-digital converter (ADC) to digitize the attenuated, down-converted signal; and a processor, which may select attenuation values for one or more of the RF attenuator and the IF attenuator based on an error magnitude vector (EVM) analysis, an RF signal type, and/or a signal level at an input of the ADC. The processor may use a look-up table for the selection. Initial attenuation values may be selected based on an expected RF signal type, RF signal frequency, and/or RF signal bandwidth. The attenuation values may also be selected in an iterative manner stepping the attenuation values up or down.

Abstract: One or more embodiments relate to a cellulose acetate tow, a filter including the same, and an aerosol generating article including the filter.

Abstract: Disclosed are quantum dots based on a graded multishell structure and a method of manufacturing the same. More particularly, each of the quantum dots according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a core, inter shells surrounding the core, and an outer shell surrounding the inter shells, wherein the concentrations of compounds composing the inter shells are changed stepwise from the core to the outer shell.

Abstract: A semiconductor device and a method of manufacturing a semiconductor device, the device including gate structures on a substrate; source/drain layers on portions of the substrate that are adjacent the gate structures, respectively; first contact plugs contacting upper surfaces of the source/drain layers, respectively; a second contact plug contacting one of the gate structures, a sidewall of the second contact plug being covered by an insulating spacer; and a third contact plug commonly contacting an upper surface of at least one of the gate structures and at least one of the first contact plugs, at least a portion of a sidewall of the third contact plug not being covered by an insulating spacer.

Abstract: A method of reinforcement learning of a neural network device for generating a verification vector for verifying a circuit design comprising a circuit block includes inputting a test vector to the circuit block, generating one or more rewards based on a coverage corresponding to the test vector, the coverage being determined based on a state transition of the circuit block based on the test vector, and applying the one or more rewards to a reinforcement learning.

Abstract: Disclosed in the present document is an apparatus for aligning a semiconductor chip for packaging according to an embodiment, the apparatus may include a radiation source configured to irradiate a plurality of semiconductor chips with radiation; the plurality of semiconductor chips vertically disposed with respect to the ground; a radiation sensor configured to detect the radiation that has penetrated the plurality of semiconductor chips; and an alignment unit configured to align and bond the plurality of semiconductor chips based on detection information acquired by the radiation sensor.

Abstract: A fault diagnostic apparatus for a fuel cell electric vehicle and a method therefor are provided. The apparatus includes: a main relay connected to a fuel cell stack; a power converter connected to the main relay; a heater relay connected to the fuel cell stack and the main relay at one end and connected to a cathode oxygen depletion (COD) heater at the other end; and a fuel cell control unit (FCU) connected with the main relay, the power converter, and the heater relay. The FCU diagnoses a fault of the main relay based on an amount of change in stack voltage according to control to turn off and on the heater relay and a power of the power converter according to variable control of a voltage of the power converter, when the vehicle enters a shutdown sequence, and outputs the diagnosed result.

Abstract: According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, a content container is provided. The content container may include: a container part configured to accommodate a liquid content; an upper cap that is detachably coupled to the container part and includes a first accommodation part configured to accommodate a solid content and a pressing part moved by being pressed; and a lower cap that is inserted into the container part, and includes an accommodation tube forming a second accommodation part and a plurality of communication holes formed in the outside of the accommodation tube to communicate with the container part, wherein, by pressing the upper cap, the solid content is moved from the first accommodation part to the second accommodation part.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a film wrapping machine for a product packing device using a stretch film, including a frame having vertical bars extending upward and spaced apart from each other, a film clamping unit including a pair of suction pads which are moved in a direction of being spaced apart from each other in a state of adsorbing the stretch film so that a front end portion of the stretch film supplied from a film supply device is opened, and a plurality of clamps configured to grip the front end portion of the stretch film opened by the suction pads, receive the stretch film whose upper end is cut and bonded by the film supply device in a wrinkled state, and process the stretch film to be covered on a product in a process of lowering the vertical bars, and a controller which controls operation of the film clamping unit and the film supply device.

Abstract: A memory system includes a memory device including an interface circuit and a semiconductor memory, and a controller to generate a command for controlling the memory device. The interface circuit receives the command from the controller; determines whether the command is for the semiconductor memory or the interface circuit; and when it is determined that the command is for the interface circuit, performs a blocking operation to block transfer of the command between the interface circuit and the semiconductor memory and performs an internal operation of the interface circuit. The internal operation includes a signal controlling operation, a training operation, a read operation, an on-die termination operation, a ZQ calibration operation, or a driving force control operation.

Abstract: Provided herein is a smoking article from which sound is generated. The smoking article according to some embodiments of the present disclosure may include a filter portion and a smoking material portion, and a sound-generating material including a carbohydrate material may be added to the smoking material portion. The sound-generating material may generate sound as the material burns, and the sound may further provide an auditory effect during smoking. In this way, an improved smoking experience may be provided to the smoker.